IUCN/SSC Otter Specialist Group Bulletin

©IUCN/SCC Otter Specialist Group Volume 30(A) Special Issue (January 2013) Citation: Camp, V.L. (2013). A Bibliography On The North American River Otter Lontra canadensis. IUCN Otter Spec. Group Bull. 30 (A): 3 - 44 Previous | Contents | Next A Bibliography On The North American River Otter Lontra canadensis Victor L. Camp 1 1Bonita Springs, Florida, USA. e-mail: victorcamp300@gmail.com

Originally published August 2013; revised February 2014

INTRODUCTION

Since retiring to Florida I have had more free time to enjoy the wildlife around me. As I met people and we became acquainted they eventually discovered I was a zoologist. Many of these people were interested in animals and wanted to share their interests and observations. Invariably someone would tell me they saw an otter in the pond, creek or river behind their house. Some told me they saw an otter or two or three walking down a quite road built next to a drainage ditch, small canal or harbor that is connected to a nearby river. People have seen otters running across two lane roadways or, unfortunately, attempting to cross an interstate highway. Others told me they always see otters in the ponds in their gated community which is a relatively large housing development surrounded by a fence and having restricted access. Golfers told me they saw otters on the golf course. One couple told me about the otter that returned on several occasions to eat the koi in the pond outside their restaurant. As a consequence of these conversations I decided to keep a log of otter sightings. With this relatively prevalent species all around me I considered a number of otter research projects I might undertake where I live near the coast of southwest Florida.

The next step was to gather information on the North American river otter. I did not have access to a library at a major university, and am neither a student nor a faculty member. The literature search was conducted from books and hard copies of scientific articles I had at my immediate disposal and from scientific journal articles published directly online or stored in the extensive online journal storage databases. Literature Cited sections of these articles were reviewed. It was evident an up-to-date bibliography did not exist for (Lontra[Lutra] canadensis). I knew the literature search I was conducting would have to be very extensive to satisfy my curiosity. As the bibliography evolved I realized it would be worth sharing when completed.

A conscious decision was made regarding inclusion of articles in the bibliography. The title of many articles did not contain a direct reference to otters and was not included in the bibliography. The title of other articles neither included the scientific name of the North American river otter nor “North American” or “Nearctic” and only made reference to “river otters” or “otters.” When the content of these articles was reviewed and it was evident the article referred to the North American river otter the article was included in the bibliography.
This bibliography was compiled for those undergraduates searching for a graduate research project on the North American river otter and those independent scientists, with an interest in the North American river otter, who do not have access to a library at a major university.

A Bibliography on the North American River Otter (Lontra canadensis)
Compiled by
Victor L. Camp

Addison, E.M., M.A. Strickland, A.B. Stephenson, and J. Hoeve. (1988). Cranial lesions possibly associated with Skrjabingylus (Nematoda: Metastrongyloidea) infections in martens, fishers, and otters. Canadian Journal of Zoology, 66(10): 2155-2159.
Albeke, S.E., N.P. Nibbelink, L. Mu, and D.J. Ellsworth. (2010). Measuring boundary convexity at multiple spatial scales using a linear “moving window” analysis: an application to coastal river otter habitat selection. Landscape Ecology, 25(10): 1575-1587.
Allen, C.R. (2008). Nebraska reintroduction efforts. The River Otter Journal, XVII(I): 7.
Almonte, C. (2011). The vocal repertoire of captive North American river otters (Lontra canadensis): individual differences and shared repertoires. Ph.D., City University of New York.
Amundson, R. (1950). The Carolina otter. Iowa Conservationist, Des Moines. 9(9): 65, 69, Illus.
Andelt, F. (1988). Unusual movements of river otters released in Nebraska. Prairie Naturalist, 20: 108.
Anderson, E.A. (1982). Status and distribution of the river otter (Lutra canadensis) in Illinois. M.S., Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, Illinois.
Anderson, E.A., and A. Woolf. (1984). River otter (Lutra canadensis) habitat utilization in northwestern Illinois. Final Report. Illinois Department of Conservation. 90 pp.
Anderson, E.A. (1985). River otter management plans: Presented to the Division of Forest Resources and Natural Heritage, Illinois Department of Conservation, Springfield, Illinois. Final Report. Southern Illinois University, Cooperative Wildlife Research Laboratory, 201 pages.
Anderson, E.A., and A. Woolf. ( (1987).. River otter food habits in northwestern Illinois. Transactions of the Illinois Academy of Science 80: 115-118.
Anderson, K.L. (1981). Population and reproduction characteristics of the river otter in Virginia and tissue concentrations of environmental contaminants. M.S., Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg.
Anderson-Bledsoe, K.L. and P.F. Scanlon. (1983). Heavy metal concentrations in tissues of Virginia river otters. Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 30: 442-447.
Anonymous. (1857). On the Canadian otter. Canadian Naturalist, 1: 228-232.
Anonymous. (1941)a. Michigan otter still a puzzle. Michigan Conservation, 10(5): 5.
Anonymous. (1941)b. Otter breeding. American Fur Breeder, 14(6): 36.
Anonymous. (1945). Little is known about breeding otters. Fur of Canada, Winnipeg, 10(1): 18.
Anonymous. (1945). Orphan otter found on DeKalb Stream. Outdoor Georgia, Atlanta, 5(30): 7 illus.
Anonymous. (1949). Otter trapped in Chesterfield County, Virginia. Virginia Wildlife, 10(4): 25.
Arnebeck, B. (2003). Making it through the winter. The River Otter Journal, XII(I): 10-12.
Arnebeck, B. (2004). Encounters between otters (Lontra canadensis) and American beaver (Castor canadensis). IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, 21(1): 6 pp.
Bailey, V. (1909). Otter as a furbearer. Annual Report: American Breeders’ Association, 5: 313-320.
Bailey, V. (1941). The otter. Nature Magazine, 4: 237-238.
Baitchman, E.J. and G.V. Kollias. (2000). Clinical anatomy of the North American river otter (Lontra canadensis). Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine, 31(4): 473-483.
Balke, J.M.E. (1993)a. River otter predation on juvenile salmonids in winter. A review (Unpublished report, Project 92.8). Ministry of Forests, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada.
Balke, J.M.E. ( 1993)b. Preliminary report of river otter scat collection and diet analysis in Queen Charlotte Island, November (1992).and February 1993 (Unpublished report, Project 92.8). Ministry of Forests, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada.
Ballard, K.A., J.G. Sivak, and H.C. Howland. (1989). Intraocular muscles of the Canadian river otter and Canadian beaver and their optical function. Canadian Journal of Zoology, 67(2): 469-474.
Bangs, O. (1898). Description of the Newfoundland otter. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 12: 35-36.
Barding, E.E. (2011).The recovery of the river otter (Lontra canadensis) in Kentucky: Status, distribution, diet, reproductive characteristics and management of a reintroduced species. Ph.D.,University of Kentucky.
Barding, E.E., and M.J. Lacki. (2012)a. Status, distribution, diet, and reproductive characteristics of river otters in Kentucky. Final Report. Annual Research Highlights 2011: Kentucky Department of Fish and Wildlife Resources, 5: 26-35.
Barding, E.E. and M.J. Lacki. (2012)b. Winter diets of river otters in Kentucky. Northeastern Naturalist, 19(2): 157-164.
Barger, N.R. (1950). Otter. Wisconsin Conservation Bulletin, 15: 33.
Barnston, G. (1863). Remarks on the genus Lutra, and on the species inhabiting North America. Canadian Naturalist and Geologist, 12: 147-188.
Barrett, D. (2008). Status and population characteristics of the northern river otter (Lontra canadensis) in central and eastern Oklahoma. M.S., Oklahoma State University, Stillwater.
Barrett, D.A. and D.M. Leslie, Jr. (2010). Current distribution of river otters in central and eastern Oklahoma, within seven new counties. Occasional Papers of the Museum of Texas Tech University, 294(1): 13 pp.
Barrett, D.A. and D.M. Leslie Jr. (2012). Spatio-temporal variations in age structures of a partially re-established population of northern river otters (Lontra canadensis). The American Midland Naturalist, 168(2): 302-314.
Bartnicki, P.L. and D.B. Boone. (1989). Special report: Status of the river otter (Lutra lutra) in Texas. Texas Parks and Wildlife Department, Austin, Texas, USA.
Base, D.L. (1986). Evaluation of experimental reintroduction of river otters in Oklahoma. Unpublished report, Oklahoma Department of Wildlife Conservation Nongame Wildlife Program, Oklahoma City. 40 pp.
Basu, N., A. Scheuhammer, N. Grochowina, D. Evans, M. O’Brien, and H. Chan. (2005). Effects of mercury on neurochemical receptors in wild river otters (Lontra canadensis). Environmental Science and Technology, 39(10): 3585-3591.
Basu, N., C. Stamler, K. Loua, and H. Chan. (2005). An interspecies comparison of mercury inhibition on muscarinic acetylcholine receptor binding in the cerebral cortex and cerebellum. Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology, 205: 71-76.
Basu, N., A. Scheuhammer, R. Evans, M. H. O’Brien, and H. Chan. (2007). Cholinesterase and monoamine oxidase activity in relation to mercury levels in the cerebral cortex of wild river otters. Human and Experimental Toxicology, 26: 213-220.
Basu, N., A. Scheuhammer, and M. O’Brien. (2007). Polychlorinated biphenyls, organochlorinated pesticides and polybrominated diphenyl ethers in the cerebral cortex of wild river otters (Lontra canadensis). Environmental Pollution, 149: 25-30.
Bateman,H.L., J.B. Bond, M. Campbell, M. Barrie, G. Riggs, B. Snyder, and W.F. Swanson.(2009). Characterization of basal seminal traits and reproductive endocrine profiles in North American river otters and Asian small-clawed otters .Zoo Biology, 28: 107-126.
Beaver, T.D., G.A. Feldhamer, and J.A. Chapman. (1981). Dental and cranial anomalies in the river otter (Carnivora: Mustelidae). Brimleyana, 7: 101-109.
Beck, D. (1977). Pesticides and heavy metal residues in Louisiana river otter. M.S., Texas A&M University, College Station.
Beck, T. (1990). River otter recovery program. Job Progress Report. Colorado Division of Wildlife.
Beck,T.D.I. (1992). Development of river otter reintroduction procedures. Colorado Division of Wildlife. Denver, Colorado.
Beck, T.D.I. (1993). River otter reintroduction procedures. Colorado Division of WildlifeResearch Review, 2: 14-16.
Beckel, A.L. (1982). Behavior of free-ranging and captive river otters in northcentral Wisconsin. Ph.D., University of Minnesota.
Beckel, A.L. (1985). Social grooming in North American river otter. pp. 319-328. In: Andrews, D. and A.M. Herzberg. Data: A Collection of Problems from Many Fields for the Student and Research Worker. Springer Series in Statistics.
Beckel, A.L.(1990). Foraging success rates of North American river otters (Lutra canadensis) hunting alone and hunting in pairs. Canadian Field-Naturalist, 104: 586-588.
Beckel, A.L. (1991). Wrestling play in adult river otters (Lutra canadensis). Journal of Mammalogy,72(2): 386-390.
Beckel-Katz, A.L. (1977). Preliminary observations of the social behavior of the North American river otter. Otters: The Journal of the Otter Trust, 28-32.
Beckwith, S. (2003). Rehabilitation of orphan river otters. pp. 51-60. In: Orendorff, B. (ed.). Wildlife Rehabilitation, Vol. 21. National Wildlife Rehabilitators Association.
Beheler, A.S., J.A. Fike, L.M. Murfitt, O.E. Rhodes, and T.L. Serfass. (2004). Development of polymorphic microsatellite loci for North American river otters (Lontra canadensis) and amplification in related Mustelids. Molecular Ecology Notes, 4(1):56-58.
Beheler, A.S., J.A. Fike, G. Dharmarajan, O.E. Rhodes, and T.L. Serfass. (2005). Ten new polymorphic microsatellite loci for North American river otters (Lontra canadensis) and their utility in related mustelids. Molecular Ecology Notes, 5:602-604.
Belanger, M., N. Askin, L. Tan, and C. Wittnich. (2010).The history and current status of otter research within Canada based on peer reviewed journal. IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin,27(3): 127-133.
Belanger, M., N. Clough, N. Askin, L. Tan, and C. Wittnich. (2011).A Review of Violent or Fatal Otter Attacks. IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, 28(1): 11-16.
Belfiore, N.M. (2006). Observation of a beaver beetle (Platypsyllus castoris ritsema) on a North American river otter (Lontra canadensis, Schreber) (Carnivora: Mustelidae: Lutrinae) in Sacramento County, California (Coleoptera: Leiodidae: Platypsyllinae).The Coleopterists Bulletin, 60(4): 312-313.
Belfiore, N.M. (2008). Trapping and handling of North American river otters (Lontra canadensis) in a managed marsh. Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine, 39(1): 13-20.
Ben-David, M., R.T. Bowyer, and J.B. Faro. (1995). Niche separation by mink and river otters: Coexistence in a marine environment. Oikos, 75: 41-48.
Ben-David, M., R.T. Bowyer, L.K. Duffy, D.D. Roby, and D.M. Schell. (1998). Social behavior and ecosystem processes: River otter latrines and nutrient dynamics of terrestrial vegetation. Ecology, 79(7): 2567-2571.
Ben-David, M. (2000). Responses of river otters to oil contamination: A captive study. The River Otter Journal, IX(II): 8-9,12.
Ben-David, M, T.M. Williams, and O.A. Ormseth. (2000). Effects of oiling on exercise physiology and diving behavior of river otters: A captive study. Canadian Journal of Zoology, 78(8): 1380-1390.
Ben-David, M., L.K. Duffy, G.M. Blundell, and R.T. Bowyer. (2001). Natural exposure to mercury in coastal river otters: Age, diet and survival. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, 20: 1986-1992.
Ben-David, M., L.K. Duffy, and R.T. Bowyer. (2001). Biomarker responses in river otters experimentally exposed to oil contamination. Journal of Wildlife Diseases, 37: 489-508.
Ben-David, M., T. Kondratyuk, B.R. Woodin, P.W. Snyder, and J.J. Stegeman. (2001). Induction of cytochrome P4501A1 expression in captive river otters fed Prudhoe Bay crude oil: Evaluation of immunohistochemistry and quatitative RT-PCR. Biomarkers, 6: 218-235.
Ben-David, M. (2002). Can river otters naturally recolonize the Grand Canyon? The River Otter Journal, XI(II).
Ben-David, M, G.M. Blundell, and J.E. Blake. (2002). Post-release survival of river otters: Effects of exposure to crude oil and captivity. Journal of Wildlife Management, 66:1208-1223.
Ben-Davis, M. (2003). Predicting river otter locations with geographic information systems. The River Otter Journal, XII(1): 1-2.
Ben-David, M., H. Golden, M. Goldstein, and I. Martin. (2004). River otters in Prince William Sound and Kenai Fjords National Park: Distribution, relative abundance, and minimum population size based on coastal latrine site surveys. Interagency Collaborative Report, Progress Report, Prince William Sound Science Center, Oil Spill Recovery Institute, Cordova, Alaska, USA.
Ben-David, M., G.M. Blundell, J.W. Kern, J.A.K. Maier, E.D. Brown, and S.C. Jewett. (2005). Communication in river otters: Creation of variable resource sheds for terrestrial communities. Ecology, 86(5): 1331-1345.
Ben-David, M. (2009). Population survey for river otters in Rocky Mountain National Park. The River Otter Journal, XVII(II): 4-5, 8-9.
Ben-David, M. (2013). Population survey for river otters in the Rocky Mountain National Park: A progress report for 2012, National Park Service, Rocky Mountain National Park. The River Otter Journal, XXI(II): 1-4.
Berg, J. (1998). The Diet of Lutra canadensis in the Upper Colorado River System. IUCN Otter Specialist Bulletin, 19A: 8-11
Berg, J. (1999). Otter slides. The River Otter Journal, XIII(II).
Berg, J.K. (1999). River otter research project on the upper Colorado River Basin in and adjacent to Rocky Mountain National Park, Colorado. Final Report, Rocky Mountain National Park, Grand Lake, Colorado.
Berg, J. (2000). North American river otter diet. The River Otter Journal, IX(II): 4-5.
Berg, W.E. (1982). Reintroduction of fisher, pine marten, and river otter. pp.159-173. In: Sanderson, G.C. (ed.). Midwest Furbearer Management, Proceedings of a Symposium held at the 43rd Midwest Fish and Wildlife Conference, Wichita, Kansas, 7-8 December 1981.
Berg, W.E. and M. DonCarlos. (1998). Experimental river otter population trend survey. Pp. 99-105. In:B. Joselyn (ed.). Summaries of Wildlife Research Findings, 1998. Section of Wildlife, Minnesota Department of Natural Resources, St. Paul, MN. 177pp.
Bergan, J.F. (1990). Kleptoparasitism of a river otter (Lutra canadensis) by a bobcat (Felis rufus) in South Carolina. Brimleyana, 16: 63-65.
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Beverly, J.,and C.L. Elliott. (2006). Prey remains identified in river otter (Lontra canadensis, Schreber) latrines from eastern Kentucky.Journal of the Kentucky Academy of Science, 67(2): 125-125.
Bich, J.P. (1988). The feasibility of river otter reintroduction in northern Utah. M.S., Utah State University, Logan, Utah. 59 pp.
Birkenheuer, A.J., C.A. Harms, J. Neel, H.S. Marr, M.D. Tucker, and M.K. Stoskopf. (2007). The identification of a genetically unique piroplasma in North American river otter (Lontra canadensis). Journal of Parasitology, 134(5): 631-635.
Bischof, R. (2003). Status of the northern river otter in Nebraska. Prairie Naturalist, 35: 117-120.
Black, J.M. (2009). River otter monitoring by citizen science volunteers in northern California: Social groups and litter Size. Northwestern Naturalist, 90(2): 130-135.
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Blundell, G.M, R.T. Bowyer, M. Ben-David, T.A. Dean, and S.C. Jewett. (2000). Effects of food resources on spacing behavior of river otters: Does forage abundance control home-range size? Pp. 325-333. In: Eiler, J.H and A.D. Neuman (eds.). Biotelemetry 15: Proceedings of the 15th International Symposium on Biotelemetry. Juneau, Alaska, USA, May 1999. Wageningen, The Netherlands: International Society on Biotelemetry.
Blundell, G.M. (2001).Social organization and spatial relationships in coastal river otters: Assessing form and function of social groups, sex-biased dispersal, and gene flow.Ph.D., University of Alaska, Fairbanks.
Blundell, G.M., J.A.K. Maier, and E.M. Debevec. (2001). Linear home ranges: Effects of smoothing, sample size, and autocorrelation on kernel estimates. Ecological Monographs, 71: 469-489.
Blundell, G. (2002). Why do river otters inhabiting marine environments live in groups? The River Otter Journal, XI(I).
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Blundell, G.M., M. Ben-David, P. Groves, R.T. Bowyer, and E. Geffen. (2004). Kinship and sociality in coastal river otters: Are they related? Behaviorial Ecology, 15(5): 705-714.
Boege-Tobin, D.D. (2005). Ranging patterns and habitat utilization of northern river otters (Lontra canadensis) in Missouri: Implications for the conservation of a reintroduced species. Ph.D., University of Missouri-St. Louis.
Bohrman, J.A., S.S. Stevens, and T.L. Serfass. (2011). Long-term survival and reproduction in a North American river otter (Lontra canadensis) with an intraperitoneal radio-transmitter. Canadian Field-Naturalist, 125(3): 252-254.
Bohrman, J. (2012)a. Rehabilitated otters take to the wilds of Texas. The River Otter Journal, XIX(I): 5.
Bohrman, J. (2012)b.Yellowstone’s otters are no match for invasive lake trout. The River Otter Journal, XIX(I): 8.
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Boone, D. (2013).Seasonal prey of the North American river otter (Lontra canadensis) at delta sites. M.S., California State University.
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Brandhagen, M.D. (2003). Monitoring of the North American river otter (Lontra canadensis) using molecular analysis of scat: A noninvasive technique and its potential application to otter management and conservation. Ph.D.,George Mason University.
Brandt, J.R. (2010). Assessing the origin of North American river otters in North Dakota using microsatellite analysis. M.S., Frostburg State University, Frostburg, Maryland.
Brandt, J.R., A.L. Brandt, F.K. Ammer, A.L. Roca, and T.L. Serfass. (2013). Impact of population expansion on genetic diversity and structure of river otters (Lontra canadensis) in central North America. Journal of Heredity. 105(1): 39-47.
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Britt, T.L. (unknown). Environmental assessment report for river otter reintroduction. Coconino National Forest, Prescott National Forest, Tonto National Forest. USDA Forest Service Southwestern Region. Report provided by the Arizona Game and Fish Department.
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Brzeski, K. (2010). A non-invasive approach examining North American river otter abundance and sociality. M.S., Humboldt State University, Arcata, California.
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Buhler, Donald R. (2013).Environmental contaminants in male river otters collected from Oregon and Washington, 1994-99, with reproductive organ hypoplasia observed in otter males. Ph.D., Oregon State University.
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Carpenter, C.P. (2001). Scat marking and the use of latrine sites by river otters along Tionesta Creek, northwestern Pennsylvania. M.S., Frostburg State University, Frostburg, Maryland.
Carpenter, S.K., N. Mateus-Pinilla, and M.L. Green. (2013). Evaluating the relationship between river otters and river otter latrines. The River Otter Journal, XXI(II): 12-14.
Carpenter, S.K., N.E. Mateus-Pinilla, K, Singh, and A. Lehner, R.D. Bluett, N.A. Rivera, and J.E. Novakofski. (2013). River otters as biomonitors for organochlorine pesticides, PCBs, and PBDEs in Illinois. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety. [Epub ahead of print]
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Chambers, G.D. (2008). The river otter in Missouri. The River Otter Journal, IX(I): 5.
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Chapman, F.B. (1956). The river otter in Ohio. Journal of Mammalogy, 37: 284.
Chilelli, M., B. Griffin, and D.J. Harrison. (1996). Interstate comparisons of river otter harvest data. Wildlife Society Bulletin, 24: 238-246.
Chinnadurai, S.K., A.J. Birkenheuer, H.L. Blanton, R.G. Maggi, N. Belfiore, H.S. Marr, E.B. Breitschwerdt, and M.K. Stoskopf. (2010). Prevalence of selected vector-borne organisms and identification of Bartonella species DNA in North American river otters (Lontra canadensis). Journal of Wildlife Diseases, 46(3): 947-950.
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