IUCN/SSC Otter Specialist Group Bulletin
IUCN/SCC Otter Specialist Group Bulletin Volume 38(C) Special Issue (|November 2021) Citation: Camp, V.L. (2021). A Bibliography on the Eurasian Otter Lutra lutra. 2nd Edition. IUCN Otter Spec. Group Bull. 38 (C): 3 - 115 A Bibliography on the Eurasian Otter Lutra lutra Victor L. Camp 1 1The Water School, Department of Ecology and Environmental Studies , Florida Gulf Coast University, Ft. Myers, FL USA.
Originally published December 2020 as IUCN OSG Bull 37(C), 2020 (First Edition) Revised August 2021 as IUCN OSG Bull 38(C), 2021 (Second Edition) |
INTRODUCTION
While attempting to search for behavior publications on the Eurasian otter (Lutra Lutra), for a comparison with the North America river otter Lontra canadensis and the Neotropical otter Lontra longicaudis, it quickly became apparent an updated bibliography on this species did not exist. Therefore, it was decided to compile this bibliography on the Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra). The bibliography was compiled for (1) those undergraduates and graduates searching for publications relative to a potential research project on the Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra), (2) for independent scientists, with an interest in the Eurasian otter, who do not have access to a library at a major university, and (3) for those scientists planning to expand their scientific investigations on the Eurasian otter.
The citations for this bibliography were acquired from numerous sources. The initial citation sources were (1) the Mercier (2007) publication “Bibliographie sur la Lutra d’Europe Lutra lutra and (2) the Lafontaine, et al. (2014) publication “Bibliographie French Otter (Eurasia- Africa-America). Update April 21, 2014-Version #149. Additional citations, for the years
2014 through 2020 , were located on the internet using key words and the year of interest, e.g. “Lutra lutra 2014” or “otter Lutra lutra 2014. Throughout these internet searches an extensive amount of publications were uncovered well prior to 2014. Many of these publications filled the gaps in Mercier’s and Lafontaine’s bibliographies and greatly expanded the number of citations for inclusion in this bibliography. One of the most valuable resources used is the IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin (IUCN OSGB) from 1986-2020. The citations from the volumes and the volume issues of the Otter Specialist Group Bulletin (OSGB) 1986-2020 were reviewed and these citations were included. The “Literature” section of the issues of each of the OSGB volumes was investigated and these citations are included. Publications by Otter Specialist Group, prior to 1986 were also located and included. The literature search was conducted through 24 September 2021. Please note, this author will not create additional editions of this bibliography. Should someone wish to assume this responsibility I would be willing to offer some assistance.
A conscious decision was made regarding inclusion of articles in this bibliography. The titles of those articles, that did not contain a direct reference to otters or did not include the scientific name or made reference to the IUCN Otter Spec. Group Bull. 37(C) 2020 Eurasian or European otter, were not included. Those articles containing the common name, in the language of publication, were included. Blogs and hyperlinks, linking the reader to the article, were not included. Blogs are not scientific publications and hyperlinks are unreliable over the long-term. This author has found that internet searches using the entire content of a publication or just the title is a very dependable literature search methodology. Many citations from Lafontaine (2014) are reports to or from governmental agencies or consultants to governmental agencies and were not published in recognized scientific publications. As a result, these publications could not be confirmed through the internet. Each of these particular publications are accompanied by a parenthetical note defining the citation account content(s) that could not be confirmed, interpreted, or translated. Gaining access to these unpublished reports is left to the ingenuity of other investigators.
Many of the publications required translation. Google Translate was used for article translation. All translations are italicized and enclosed within brackets. Other citation contents appearing in italics are scientific names, within or outside of parentheses, titles of books, and the name of the scientific publication.
It is hoped this bibliography will serve as a useful resource for the future.
REFERENCES
Lafontaine, et al. (2014). Bibliographie French Otter (Eurasia - Africa-America). Update April 21, 2014-Version #149. Key Contributors: L. Lafontaine, H. Ghyselinck, F. Sane, L. Mercier, C. Lemarchand, F. Rose, B. Jardon, S. Aulagnier, J. Thiriet, A. Bertrand, E. Remy, F. Capber, Ch Rolland, H. Jacques, J.N. Heron, and P. Defontaines. 33 pp.
Mercier, L. (2007). Bibliographie sur la Loutre d’Europe Lutra lutra. Perennis. 37 pp.
A Bibliography on the Eurasian Otter (Lutra lutra )
Compiled by
Victor L. Camp
A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M
N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z
Publications on Websites
Abdul-Pata, P., H. Sasaki, T. Sekiguchi, M.N. Shukor, N.S. Mohd-Yusof, M.A.B. Abdul-Latiff, and B.M. Md-Zain. (2020). Molecular DNA-based spatial mapping technique predicting diversity and distribution of otters (Lutrinae) in peninsular Malaysia using non-invasive fecal samples. Mammal Research, doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13364-020-00532-9 .
Acharya P. M. 2006a. Otter and wetland conservation in Nepal.In: Rimal N.N. (ed.), Water Resources, Security and Sustainability, Seepwater, Kathmandu, Nepal, 144-149.
Acharya, P. M. 1998. Otter action plan the country report Nepal. A report submitted in Otter Specialist Group, IUCN The World Conservation Union.
Acharya, P. M. and S.L. Rajbhandari. 2011. Status of otters in Nepal. Report to the Rufford Foundation. 8 pp
Acharya, P.M. (1997). Study of otters in Begnas and Rupa lakes of the Pokhara Valley in West Nepal. First phase research report to Nagao Natural Environment Foundation (NEF), Japan
Acharya, P.M. 1998. Survey of status and distribution of otter in Rapti River of Royal Chitwan National Park. A report submitted to Otter Research Group, Japan.
Acharya, P.M. 2006b. Status of otter in Rapti River of Royal Chitwan National Park, Nepal. Proceedings of training workshop on survey techniques and monitoring otter populations, Chitwan National Park. IUCN-SSC and Asian Specialist Group.
Acharya, P.M. 2010. Status and distribution of otters in Narayani River, Chitwan National Park. A research report submitted to the Rufford Foundation, U.K. 47 pages.
Acharya, P.M. and J.B. Gurung. 1994. A report on the status of the common otter (Lutralutra) in Rupa and Bengas Tal, Pokhara Valley. Tigerpaper 21: 21-22.
Acharya, P.M. and N. Rimal. 2007. Sustainability: human-well-being and conservation of otter. Proceedings of Xth Otter Colloquium. 8 pp. Unpublished.
Acharya, P.M. and S. L. Rajbhandari. (unknown). Distribution and Conservation Status of Otters in Nepal. A final research report submitted to Rufford Small Grants Foundation, UK. 12 pp.
Acharya, P.M., and S.L. Rajbhandari. 2006. Distribution and Conservation Status of Otters in Nepal. Training Workshop on Techniques and Monitoring of Otter Populations, 7-9 March 2006, IUCN/SSC and Asian Otter Specialist Group.
Adamek Z., D. Kortan, P. Lepic. and J. Andreji. (2003). Impacts of otter (Lutra lutra L.) predation on fishponds: A study of fish remains at ponds in the Czech Republic. Aquaculture International, 11: 389-396.
Adámek, Z., M. Kucerová, and K. Roche. (1999). The role of common carp (Cyprinus carpio) in the diet of piscivorous predators: Cormorants (Phalacrocorax carbo) and otter (Lutra lutra). Bull. VÚRH Vodnany, Bulletin VÚRH Vodnany, 4: 185-193.
Adamic, M.H. (1998). New threats to continuous viable otter population in Northeastern part of Slovenia. Proceedings VII international Colloquium, March 14-19,1998, Trebon, Czech Republic. pp.120-124. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume19A/Trebon-II.pdf
Adhya, T. (2020). Eurasian otter found in Chilika Lake, Odisha. Conservation India.
Adhya, T. and P. Dey. (2020). First record of Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra) from Chilika Lagoon: A ramsar site situated on the east coast of India. Otter (Journal of the International Otter Survival Fund), 2020: 49-55
Adrian M.I. and S. Moreno. (1986). Notas sobre la alimentacion de la Nutria (Lutra lutra ) en el embase de Matacavas (Huelva) [Notes on the feeding of the Otter (Lutra lutra) in the Matacavas reservoir (Huelva)]. Donana Acta Vertebra [Donana Acta Vertebrata], 13: 189-191.
Adrian M.I., W. Wilden, and M. Delibes. (1985). Otter distribution and agriculture in Southwestern Spain. XVIIth Congress of the International Union of Game Biologists,
Adrian, M.I. and M. Delibes. (1987). Food habits of the otter (Lutra lutra) in two habitats of the Donana National Park, SW Spain. Journal of Zoology (London), 212: 399-406.
Ågren, E.O., A. Roos, C. Bröjer, and G. Hestvik (2015). Screening of Salmonella in Swedish otters (Lutra lutra). Poster Session: Proceedings European Otter Workshop. 8-11 June 2015, Stockholm, Sweden. IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, Volume 33(A). https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume33A/Vol33A_Index.html
Ågren, E.O., C. Bröjer, and A. Roos. (2015). Evidence of shotgun wounded otters in Sweden (Lutra lutra).Poster Session: Proceedings European Otter Workshop. 8-11 June 2015, Stockholm, Sweden. IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, Volume 33(A).
Aguilar, C.M. and A. G\ómez-Gayubo. (2008). La nutria en La Rioja. pp. 217-225. In: López- Martín, J.M. and J. Jiménez. (eds.), La nutria en Espana. Veinte anos de seguimiento de un mamífero amenazado [The otter in Spain. Twenty years of monitoring a threatened mammal]. SECEM [Sociedad Espanola para la Conservacion y Estudio de los Mamiferos], Málaga. (unable to confirm publication)
Ahmad, Z., H. Chaudhry, H. Ali, R. Atiq-ur, S.R. Ahmad, U. Ashraf, N. Nisar, and A. Tahir. (2017). Suitable habitat evaluation of Eurasian otter (Lutra Lutra) In Khyber Pukhtunkhwa, Pakistan. Transylvanian Review, Vol. 18.
Aimie, E. (2013). Otter is back in New Orleans. La Republique Center [The Republic of the Center]. (unable to locate publication information)
Alderton, E., C. Wicker, C. Sayer, and P. Bradley (2015) The diet of the Malham tarn otters: Understanding the impacts of a native predator. Field Studies, 6 pp.
Alet, B. and P. Rapaport. (1982). The Otter issue: Its survival and protection. Genette, 19: 10-12.
Allen, D., S. Pemberton, A. Nobajas, D. Webb, J. Davoile, and L. Wright. (2019). Fenced fisheries, Eurasian otters (Lutra lutra) and licenced trapping: An Impact Assessment. IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, 37(3): 142-156.
https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume33A/Vol33A_Index.html
Almeida, D., N. Rodolfo, C.C. Sayer, and G.H. Copp. (2013). Seasonal use of ponds as foraging habitat by Eurasian otter with description of an alternative handling technique for common toad predation. Folia Zoologica, 62, 214–221.
Alomar, H., C. Lemarchand, R. Rosoux, et al. (2016). Concentrations of organochlorine compounds (pesticides and PCBs), trace elements (Pb, Cd, Cu, and Hg),134Cs and 137Cs in the livers of the European otter (Lutra lutra), great cormorant (Phalacrocorax carbo), and European catfish (Silurus glanis) collected from the Loire River (France). European Journal of Wildlife Research, 62: 653-661.
Al-Sheikhly, O.F. and I.A. Nader. (2013). The status of Iraq smooth-coated otter Lutrogale perspicillata maxwelli (Hayman 1956) and Eurasian otter Lutra lutra (Linnaeus 1758) in Iraq. IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, 30(1): 18-30. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume30/AlSheikhly_Nadar_2013.html
Al-Sheikhly, O.F., K.H. Mukhtar, and F. Barbanera (2020). New Localities of the Eurasian OtterLutra lutra(Linnaeus, 1758) in the Upper Euphrates River Basin, a Remarkable Range Extension in Western Iraq. (Report). IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin,37(3): 163-170. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume37/Al-Sheikhly_et_al_2020.html
Al-Sheikhly, O.F., M.K. Haba, and F. Barbanera. (2014). Otter Hunting and Trapping: A traditional practice of marsh arabs of Iraq. IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, 31(2): 80-88. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume31/Al_Sheikhly_et_al_2014.html
Al-Sheikhly. O.F., M.K. Haba, G. Yoxom, B. McLennan, D.B. Zook, K.A. Al-Kanani, and S.A.A. Gafor. (2017). First photographic evidence of smooth-coated otter (Lutrogale perspicillata maxwelli) and Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra seistanica) in Iraq since 1950s. Otter (Journal of the Otter Trust), 2017, Vol 3. pp 15-20.
Alyre, L. (2006). Contribution to the study of social perception in reintroduction of predators: Analysis and synthesis from a survey of the European otter (Lutra lutra) in the Drôme. Veterinary Thesis, ENV [École Nationale Vétérinaire], University of Lyon. Lyon, France. 128 pp.
Andersen, L.W., B. Sogaard, O.R. Therkildsen, and A.B. Madsen. (2018). Pilotprojekt: Sporing af forekomst af odder Lutra lutra ved anvendelse af eDNA [Pilot Project: Tracking ccurrence of otter Lutra lutra using eDNA]. Notat fra DCE [National Center for Environment and Energy] - Nationalt Center for Miljø og Energi [Note from DCE - National Center for Environment and Energy]. 13 pp.
Andersen, L.W., H.S. Schousgaard, J. Kahlert, A. Linnet, O.H. Jensen, E. A. Thomsen, F. Sørensen, H.J. Baagøe, J. Frikke, H. Jacobsen, B. Håkansson, V. Loeschcke, and A.B. Madsen. (2021). Assessing the current feces identification method of the European otter (Lutra lutra). Wildlife Biology,2021(1). https://doi.org/10.2981/wlb.00764
Anderson H.M., D.J. Mc Cafferty, I.J. Sacchieri, and A.E. Mc Cluskie. (2006). Non-invasive genetic sampling of the Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra) using hairs. Hystrix, 17(1): 65-77.
Ando, M., M. Yoshiyuku, S-Y. Han, and H-H. Kim. (2008). The Japanese otter: Lessons learned from its extinction. University of Tokyo, 276. 32 pp. (unable to confirm publisher).
Andrews, E. (1989). Assessment of the value of rivers for otters (Lutra lutra). Regulated Rivers: Research and Management, 4: 199-202.
Andrews, E. and A.K. Crawford. (1986). Otter Survey of Wales 1984-85. Vincent Wildlife Trust.
Andurain, P., A. Bertrand, and P. Médard. (1993). Otters in Midi-Pyrenees. DIREN [Direction Regionale de l’Environnement]s Midi-Pyrenees, AIRESEP, 30 pp. (unable to confirm second acronym definition)
Andurain, P., A. Bertrand, and P. Médard. (1995). Status of the otter in the Midi-Pyrénées. Cah. Ethol. [Notebooks of Ethology], 15(2-3-4): 239-244.
Angst, C. and I. Weinberge. (2020). Status of the Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra) in Switzerland. Journal of Mountain Ecology, Vol. 13. Proceedings of the I Congress of the Eurasian otters in the Alps: Towards a common strategy across boundaries, Gran Paradiso National Park Valsavarenche, (AO, Italy), 10-12 October 2018.
Anisimova, E.I., V.E. Sidorovich, and V.T. Shimalov. (1996). Helminthofauna of otter (Lutra lutra) in Belarus. Vyestsi Akademii Navuk Belarus Syeryya Biyalahichnykh Navuk 2, [Proceedings of the Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Biological Sciences, Series 2], pp.103-106.
Anonymous (1978). Red List of the Kasachian SSR [Soviet Socialist Republic]. Otter (Lutra lutra)
Anonymous (1978). Red List of the Moldavian SSR [Soviet Socialist Republic]. Otter (Lutra lutra).
Anonymous, (1896). Destruction otters Lorraine. Bull. Peach. Piscic. Practice, 9th year. (unable to interpret publisher abbreviations)
Anonymous, (2012). Gard. Looking otter. Website Objective Gard, 19/1/2012.
Anonymous. (1890). Otters: Manners, hunting, destruction. Imp. Aug. Fonteyn, Leuven (Belgium), 21 p. (unable to interpret publisher abbreviations)
Anonymous. (1901). Sus otters Remiremont. Two otters killed in Mont-sur-Meurthe. L'Est Republican of December 22, 1901 and May 13, 1902. (unale to translate title)
Anonymous. (1953). A hunt otters. Plaisirs de la Chasse [Hunting pleasures]. 8.
Anonymous. (1978). Survey otter in Lorraine. GECNAL. (unable to confirm acronym definition)
Anonymous. (1980). Tracking ecology of the A10 motorway impact on otter (the Bramerit Creek). Gerea, Bordeaux, Min. Transportation. 90 pp.
Anonymous. (1981). Otter in Picardy. Picardie-Nature, 13: 9.
Anonymous. (1991). Kohistan, Gilgit, Kunhar River, and Hazara Naran: Otters in Pakistan. The Pakistan Journal of Forestry 41: 31.
Anonymous. (1992). Preliminary study on the presence of otters along the Saar River and its tributaries. Water & Forests, SCN, Oekofonds, Luxembourg. (unable to confirm acronym definition)
Anonymous. (2001). Otter moved to more than 2,000 m. (unable to confirm publisher)
Anonymous. (2003). On the trail of the otter. L'Hermine vagabond, Ed Living Britain, Brest, 29: 16 pp.
Anonymous. (2003). Otter, discreet and mysterious friend. Wafer PNR [Parc Naturel Régional] Brière, CG [Conseil Général] Loire Atlantique, ONCFS [Office National de la Chasse et de la Faune Sauvage].4.
Anonymous. (2004). Distribution of the Eurasian otter in France since 1940. Museum Natural History La Rochelle.
Anonymous. (2004). Otter furs. CITES Instruction for border veterinary service, the Federal Government.
Anonymous. (2006). Otter: Witnessed a kind of quality. Puy-de-Dôme in Motion,( the magazine of the General Council), May 2006, No. 76.
Anonymous. (2007). Otter recolonise the banks of the Sianne (Cantal). (unable to confirm publisher
Anonymous. (2007). Otters: Endangered species spawn. Pyrus newspaper to residents of PNR [Parc Naturel Régional] Normandie-Maine, 2nd half of 2007, 6.
Anonymous. (2008). Marais Poitevin In, otters and automobiles ... possible cohabitation / Otters are appropriate road improvements made by the Interregional Park Marais Poitevin. Website Interregional Park Marais poitevin. (unable to interpret title)
Anonymous. (2009). Otter is back in the Loiret. Tribune Orleans, 04-06-2009.
Anonymous. (2009). Otter: A very discreet resident. Eastern-Eclair, April 28, 2009.(unable to confirm publisher)
Anonymous. (2010). Bannalec. Belon, the otter is back. PQR Journal Telegram, November 14, 2010. (unable to confirm acronum definitions)
Anonymous. (2010). Otters, welcome to Scotland! & " Kylerhea Otter Haven. " Website Visitor Centres Ltd, tourism
Anonymous. (2010). Study host the European otter potential in Sologne (2009 study). Sologne Nature Environment Diren [Direction Regionale de l’Environnement] Centre, pp. 111. (unable to interpret title)
Anonymous. (2011). Otter 2008-2011 Europe: Map collisions otters in Charente-Maritime. Tuesday, January 1, 2008 to Saturday, December 31, 2011, provisional Mapping: seizures in progress (unable to interpret publication information)
Anonymous. (2011). Otter, an expected return: Mountains of Normandy and Maine, Journal of PNR [Parc Naturel Régional] Normandie-Maine, 4: 14.
Anonymous. (2011). Presence of otters attested on the Sevre Nantes and the Yeah. Website Interdepartmental Institution Basin of the Sevre Nantes, April 24
Anonymous. (2013). Auch [Also]. A search of the otter. Dépèche The du Midi [The Mid Dispatch], 01.28.2013.
Anonymous. (2013). Océanopolis soon otters! (unable to confirm publication information)
Anonymous. (2014). Delimitation of areas where the presence of the beaver and otter proved in Maine-et-Loire. Prefecture of Maine-et-Loire (49). (unable to confirm publication information)
Anonymous. (2014). Otter: Public consultation from 23 January to 12 February 2014, on the draft prefectural on the European otter in Corrèze and planning to ban the use of traps killers. Prefecture of Corrèze.
Ansorge, H. (1994). Zur Situation des eurasischen Fischotters Lutra lutra Linne, 1758 im Raum Oberlausitz-Sachsen [On the situation of the Eurasian otter Lutra lutra Linne, 1758 in the Upper Lusatia-Saxony area]. Saugetierkd. Inf. [Mammal Science Information], 18: 617-622.
Ansorge, H. and M. Striese. (1993). Zum Bestand des Fischotters in der ostlichen Oberlausitz. [On the population of the otter in eastern Upper Lusatia]. Abh. Ber. Naturkundemus. Gorlitz [Dep. Ber. Natural History. Gorlitz], 67: 13-19.
Ansorge, H. and M. Stubbe. (1992). Populations differenzierung beim Fischotter Lutra lutra (L.) nach nonmetrischen Schadelmerkmalen [Population differentiation in the otter Lutra lutra (L.) according to nonmetric skull features]. Semiaquat. Saugetiere [Semiaquatic Mammals], 1992), Wiss. Beitr. Univ. Halle [Knowledge Contribution, Univeristy of Halle]. pp. 401-415.
Ansorge, H. and M. Stubbe. (1995) Nonmetric skull divergence in the otter: Assessing genetic insulation of populations. IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, 11: 15-24. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume11/Ansorge_Stubbe_1995.html
Antignac, C. (2006). Influence of the quality of streams and fish biomass on the distribution of the Eurasian otter in Britain. Internship Report, Master 1 in Marine Sciences and Coastal, Mention Sciences Biological Marines IUEM/UBO, 21 p + appendices. (unable to confirm acronym definitions)
Arca, G. and C. Prigioni. (1987). Food of the otter on the Fiora River (central Italy). Acta Theriologica, 31(10): 134-140.
Armen. (1991). Otter: Secret guardian of pure water. ArMen, 32: 35-47.
Arnemo, J. M. (1990). Chemical immobilization of the European otter (Lutra lutra).Norsk Vet.[ Norwegian School Veterinary Medicine], 102: 767-770.
Arnemo, J.M. (1991). Surgical implantation of intraperitoneal radio-telemetry devices in European river otters (Lutra lutra). In: Reuther, C. and R. Röchert. (eds.). Proceedings of the Vth International Otter Colloqium. Habitat, 6: 119-121.
Arrendal J. (2003). Translocated otters made only small contributions to population growth. Poster présenté à la conférence de l'IOSF 2003 [Poster presented at the IOSF 2003 Conference].1 p.
Arrendal J. (2007). Conservation genetics of the Eurasian otter in Sweden. Uppsala University, 278. 62p.
Arrendal J., C.W. Walker, A.K. Sundqvist, L. Hellborg, and C. Vila. (2004). Genetic evaluation of an otter translocation program. Conservation Genetics, 5: 79-88.
Arrendal, J. and M. Johnsson (2015). Comparison of evaluation methods for otter mitigation measures at roads: Simple method as good as labor intensive one. Poster Session: Proceedings European Otter Workshop. 8-11 June 2015, Stockholm, Sweden. IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, 33(A). https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume33A/Vol33A_Index.html
Arrendal, J., C. Vila, and M. Bjorklund. (2007). Reliability of noninvasive genetic census of otters compared to field censuses. Conservation Genetics, 8: 1097-1107.
Arthur, C. and V. Barthelémy (2020). The state of conservation of the otter (Lutra lutra) in the French Alps: What does the future hold? Journal of Mountain Ecology, 13. Proceedings of the I Congress of the Eurasian otters in the Alps: towards a common strategy across boundaries, Gran Paradiso National Park Valsavarenche, (AO, Italy), 10-12 October 2018.
ASF. (1984). A10: Monitoring the operation of crossings for wildlife. Rapp. ASF. 84 pp. (unable to confirm acronym definition)
Atemazov, A. (2019). Preliminary results of the first-ever otter survey in Chernobyl exclusion zone. Otter (The Journal of the International Otter Survival Fund).
Audeville, A. (1890). Our enemy otter. Bulletin français de la pêche et de la pisciculture [French Bulletin of Fishing and Fish Farming]. 41 pp.
Aughey, H.C. (2004). The ecology and distribution of the American mink (Mustela vison) and the Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra). Unpublished PhD thesis. Queen’s University, Belfast. pp. 116-142.
Aukes P. (1994). Seepage water of importance in otter habitats. Seil de l'Europe [Threshold of Europe]. Rencontres Environnement [Council of Europe, Environment Meeting], 24: 169-170.
Ayres, C. and P. García. (2009). Abandoned clay mines: An opportunity for Eurasian otters in NW Spain. IUCN Otter Specialist. Group Bulletin, 26(2): 67-72.
Ayres, C. and P. Garcia. (2011). Features of the predation of the Eurasian otter upon toads in northwestern Spain. Zeitschrift fur Saugetierkunde [Journal of Mammals]. 76(1): 90-92.
Azevedo, O.M., A.M. Correia, A.I. Maglahaes, and M. de Sousa. (2016). How do common otters (Lutra lutra, Linnaeus 1758) Interact: Behavior study on a pair in captivity. Animal Behavior and Cognition, 2(2): 124-131. September 17-21,1985, Brussels. pp. 519-526.
Top
Bachoffner, P. (2002). Otters and Chartreux. Ann. Soc. Hist. Archaeologists. Molsheim, [Annals of the Society for Historical Archaeology]. Molsheim. pp. 59-60.
Backbier, L.A.M. (2003). De otter en het oeverloze gestuntel met natuurwaarden. [The otter and the endless fumbling with natural values], Natuur en Milieufederatie [Nature and Environment Federation], 17(1): 11-13. (In Dutch).
Backbier, L.A.M., Jansen, S. (2002). Zum Vorkommen des Fischotters (Lutra lutra) in Limburg von 1990 bis 2000 [On the occurrence of the otter (Lutra lutra) in Limburg from 1990 to 2000] Säugetierk. Inform. [Mammal Science Information], 5: 201-209. (In German with English abstract)
Bacot, Flament and Lachenal. (1998). Otters in Alsace. Rapp. ENGEES Strasbourg [Ecole Nationale du Genie de l’Eau et de Environnement de Strassbourg] 38 pp. (unable to confirm first initials of authors)
Bae, I-H, B. Pakhrin, H. Jee, N-S. Shin, and D.Y. Kim. (2007). Hepatocellular adenoma in Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra). Journal of Veterinary Science, 8(1): 103-105.
Bailey, M. and J. Rochford. (2006). Otter Survey of Ireland 2004/2005. Irish Wildlife Manuals No. 23. National Parks and Wildlife Service, Department of Environment, Heritage and Local Government, Dublin, Ireland.
Bailley, M.P. (2000). Otter Lutra lutra predating adult dragonflies. IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, 17(2): 84-84. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume17/Bailley_2000.html
Baker J.R., A.M. Jones, T.P. Jones, and H.C. Watson. (1981). Otter mortality and marine oil pollution. Biological Conservation, 20: 311-32.
Bakhouche, B., M. L. Bendjeddou, and D. Scaravelli. (2015). New sightings of Lutra lutra in Algeria. Poster Session: Proceedings European Otter Workshop. 8-11 June, 2015. Stockholm, Sweden. IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, Volume 33 A. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume33A/Vol33A_Index.html
Balciauskas, L. (2015). Otter (Lutra lutra) in Lithuania. IUCN Red Data Book. 20 pp.
Balciauskas, L. and A. Ulevicius. (1994). Lithuanian otter environment correlates.
Balestrieri A, L. Remonti, and C. Prigioni. (2010). Detectability of the Eurasian otter by standard surveys: An approach using marking intensity to estimate false negative rates. Naturwissenschaften [Natural Sciences] Nov 16.
Balestrieri A, L. Remonti, and C. Prigioni. (2016). Towards extinction and back: Decline and recovery of otter populations in Italy. In: Angelici, F.M. (ed.). Problematic wildlife A cross-disciplinary approach. Springer International Publishing; Cham (Switzerland). pp. 91-105.
Balestrieri A, L. Remonti, G. Smiroldo, C. Prigioni,and G. Reggiani. (2008). Surveying otter (Lutra lutra) distribution at the southern limit of its Italian range. Hystrix, 19(2): 165-173.
Balestrieri, A. (2006). Otter (Lutra lutra) movements assessd by genotyped spraints in Southern Italy. Hystrix, 17(1): 91-96.
Balestrieri, A., L. Remonti, and C. Prigioni, (2011). Detectability of the Eurasian otter by standard surveys: An approach using marking intensity to estimate false negative rates. Naturwissenschaften [Natural Sciences], 98(1): 23-31
Balestrieri, A., L. Remonti, P. Vezza, C. Prigioni, and G.H. Copp. (2013). Do non-native fish as prey favour the conservation of the threatened indigenous Eurasian otter? Freshwater Biology, 58: 995-1007.
Balestrieri, A., S. Messina, F. Pella, C. Prigioni, N. Saino and M. Fasola. (2016). Eurasian otterLutra lutra in developing countries: A resurvey of Albania 22 years after the fall of communism. Oryx, 50(2): 368-373.
Ball, D. (1985). Otter Lutra lutra (Linnaeus 1758) in Western Europe. Monographic study, preliminary. Thesis Veterinarian, University of Lyon. Lyon, France. No. 065. 90 pp.
Baltrunaite, L. (2006). Seasonal diet of the otter (Lutra lutra L.) in natural river ecosystems of south-eastern Lithuania. Acta Zoologica Lituanica, 16(2): 107-114
Baltrunaite, L., L. Balciaauskas, R. Matulaitis, and V. Stirke. (2009). Otter distribution in Lithuania in 2008 and changes in the last decade. Estonian Journal of Ecology, 58(2): 94-102.
Baranauskas, K. and E. Mickevicius. (1995). Some factors influencing the habitat use by otter (Lutra lutra) in Vilnius region. Ekologija [Ecology], 2: 49-53.
Baranauskas, K., E. Mickevicius, S.M. Macdonald, and C.F. Mason. (1994). Otter distribution in Lithuania. Oryx, 28(2): 128-130.
Baranauskas, K.,and A. Mickus. (1990). The investigation of distribution and abundance of the otter (Lutra lutra L.) and European mink (Mustela lutreola L.). Lithuanian Academy of Science, Institute of Ecology, Theriological Laboratory. Unpublished Report. (in Lithuanian).
Baranauskas. K. and E. Mickevicius. (1995). The new data on the otters in Lithuania. Lutreola, 5:11-25.
Barataud, M. (1993). Otter (Lutra lutra) in Limousin. Report of the Regional Conservatory of Natural Areas Limousin. 29 pp. + Annexes.
Barataud, M. (1993). Otters in Limousin: Distribution of the species, recent developments and future prospects of the people. Period 1990-1993. Epops[European Political Psychology], 4: 16-43.
Barbosa A.M., R. Real, J. Olivero, and J.M. Vargas. (2003). Otter (Lutra lutra) distribution modeling at two resolution scales suited to conservation planning in the Iberian Peninsula. Biological Conservation, 114: 377-387.
Barbosa, A.M., R. Real, A.L. Marquez, and M.A. Rendon. (2001). Spatial, environmental and human influences on the distribution of the otter (Lutra lutra) in the Spanish provinces. Diversity and Distributions, 7: 137-144.
Barocas, A., H.N. Golden, M. Dudenhoeffer, and M. Ben-David. (2020). Sociality and signaling activity modulate information flow in river otter communication networks. Behavioral Ecology, 32(1): 60-68
Barrientos, R., R. Merino-Aguirre, D.H. Fletcher, et al. (2014). Eurasian otters modify their trophic niche after the introduction of non-native prey in Mediterranean fresh waters. Biological Invasions, 16: 1573-1579.
Bartlett SL, D.M. Imai, J.G. Trnpkiewicz, M.M. Garner, S. Ogasawara, T. M. Stokol, N. Kiupel, N. Abou-Madi, and G.V. Kollias. (2010). Intestinal lymphoma of granular lymphocytes in a fisher (Martes pennanti) and a Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra). Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine, 41(2): 309-315.
Bas, N., D. Jenkins, and P. Rothery. (1984). Ecology of otters in northern Scotland. V. The distribution of otter faeces in relation to bankside vegetation on the river Dee in summer 1981. Journal of Applied Ecology, 21: 507-513.
Basnet, A., P. Ghimire, Y.P. Timilsina, B.S. Bist. (2020). Otter research in Asia: Trends, biases and future direxctions.Global Ecology and Conservation, 24: 1-13.
Basnet, A., S.B. Bhuwan, G. Prashant, and A.M. Paras. (2020). Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra): Exploring evidence in Nepal. IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, 37(1): 29-37. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume37/Basnet_et_al_2020.html
Battisti, C., G. Amori, F.M. Angelici, L. Luiselli, and M. Zapparoli. (2011). Can the grey literature help us understand the decline and extinction of the near threatened Eurasian otter Lutra lutra in Latium, central Italy? Oryx, 45(02): 282-287.
Baudat, J. and S. Chazalmartin. (2005). European otter on the Natura 2000 Plateau Charpal. Site Final Results. FTEP, NFB DIRENs Languedoc-Roussillon. 9 pp. (unable to confirm acronym definitions)
Bauer-Haaz, E.A., A. Ferincz, Z. Szegvári, G.L.Szeles, and J. Lanszki. (2014). Fish preference of the Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra) on an abandoned fish pond and the role of fish sampling methods. Fundamental and Applied Limnology, 184(2): 161-168.
Bayeart, J. (2005). Loutre y es-tu? Projet d'Education Environnement [Otter are you there? Environmental Education Project]. Actes du 27è colloque francophone de mammalogie de la SFEPM [Société Française pour l’Etude et la Protection des Mammifères] Proceedings of the 27th Francophone Mammalogy Conference of the SFEPM], pp.187-190.
Beans, G. (2002). Structuring genetic study by microsatellite: French populations of European otter (Lutra lutra). Brief second year at the University of Liège (Belgium) (2001-2002).
Beaudu, F., S. Beaussillon, and C. and P. Bouchardy Chavaren. (2001). Works under A89 motorway, allowing the otter to recolonize rivers. AFIE Technical Days "ecological engineering in fluvial environments", October 2001, Nevers, pp. 149-154. (unable to confirm acronym definition)
Beck, C. (2008). Otter in Burgundy at the end of the Middle Ages. In: L'Harmattan, E. (ed.) Waters and Forests Ducal-Burgundy (1350-1480): Society and Biodiversity, Paris, 478 pp.
Beck, C. and E. Remy. (2015). The European Otter (Lutra lutra): Lay observations and standardized data of a naturalist inventory. Rural Studies, 195: 43-58.
Bedford, S.J. (2009). The effects of riparian habitat quality and biological water quality on the European Otter (Lutra lutra) in Devon.Bioscience Horizons: The International Journal of Student Research, 2(2):125-133.
Bego, F. and E. Hysaj. (2018).The European otter (Lutra lutra) in Vjosa River and its main tributaries. Acta ZooBot Austria, 155(2018): 337–348.
Bego, F. and J. Malltezi. (2012). On the otter (Lutra lutra) in the Albanian side of Prespa lakes. BALWOIS (Water Observation and Information System for Balkan Countries), 2012-Ohrid, Republic of Macedonia, 7pp.
Bego, F. J. Malltezi, S. Beqiraj, and S. Xhulaj. (2011). On the presence, conservation status and distribution of the otter (Lutra lutra) in the Semani river watershed. International Journal of Ecosystems and Ecological Sciences (IJEES), Vol.1 Special: 49-54.
Beja P.R. (1996a). An analysis of otter predation on introduced American crayfish in Iberian streams. Journal of Applied Ecology, 33: 1156-1170
Beja P.R. (1997). Predation by marine-feeding otters in southwest Portugal in relation to fluctuating food resources. Journal of Zoology (London), 242: 503-518.
Beja, P. R. (1996b). Temporal and spatial patterns of rest-site use by four female otters (Lutra lutra) along the southwest coast of Portugal. Journal of Zoology, 239: 741-753.
Beja, P.R. (1989). Coastal otters in southwest Portugal. IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, 4: 2-7. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume4/Rui_Beja_1989.html
Beja, P.R. (1992) Effects of freshwater availability on the summer distribution of otters(Lutra lutra) in the southwest coast of Portugal. Geography 15: 273-278.
Beja, P.R. (1996c). Seasonal breeding and food resources of otters, (Carnivora, Mustelidae), in south-west Portugal: A comparison between coastal and inland habitat. Mammalia, 60(1): 27-34
Bekhuis, J., G. Kurstjens, E. van Norren, H. Jansman, B. Beekers, and B. Houben. (2015). Connecting the Dutch otters to the west-European population. Poster Session: Proceedings European Otter Workshop. 8-11 June 2015, Stockholm, Sweden. IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, Volume 33 A. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume33A/Vol33A_Index.html
Bellefroid, M.N. and R. and R. Libois Rosoux. (2001). Recent biogeographical and ecological studies on the otter (Lutra lutra) and the European mink (Mustela lutreola) in France. Saugetierkundliche Informationen [Mammal Science Information], 25(5): 3-9.
Bénard, C. (2001). Impact of roads on the European otter (Lutra lutra) in the Marais Poitevin. Rapp. Internship BTS/GPN, PIMP, 37 pp. + Annexes. (unable to confirm acronym definitions
Bendelé R. (2000b). Répartition de la loutre (Lutra lutra L.) dans le bassin versant Rhône-Méditerranée du département de l'Ardèche. Centre Ornithologique Rhône-Alpes, CNR, Lyon [Distribution of the otter (Lutra lutra L.) in the Rhône-Mediterranean watershed of the Ardèche Department. Rhône-Alpes Ornithological Center, CNR, Lyon]. 76 pp. (unable to confirm acronym definition)
Bendele, R. (1994). Otters on the upper basin of the Allier Ardèche. FRAPNA Ardèche Report. 36 pp. (unable to confirm acronym definition)
Bendele, R. (1997). Otter in the basin of the Rhone. Brochure CNR/CORA. 4 pp. (unable to confirm acronym definitions)
Bendele, R. (2000a). Distribution of the otter in the Rhone-Mediterranean watershed of the Department of Ardèche. Rapp. CORA, Rhône-Alpes. 47 pp. (unable to confirm acronym definition)
Bendele, R. (2001). Distribution of the otter in the department of Ardèche, discount. Rapp. CORA, Rhône-Alpes, 73 pp. (unable to confirm acronym definition)
Bendele, R. and J.L. Michelot. (1994). Otters on the Atlantic side of the department of Ardèche.Report Ministry of Environment/CORA. 53 pp. + Annexes. (unable to confirm acronym definition)
Bendito, D.S. (2003). Reintroduction of the Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra) in Muga and Fluvià basins (north-eastern Spain): Viability, development, monitoring and trends of the new population. Universitat de Girona. Girona, Catalonia, Spain.
Benech, J.E. (1946). Fauves de France. Otters. pp.102-114. In: Big cats of France. Otters. Ed Stock, Delamain and Boutelleau, 6th ed.
Bergman, S. (2017). Genetic analysis of the otter population (Lutra lutra) in Kristianstad’s Vattenrike Biosphere Reserve. Independent thesis: Basic level (degree of Bachelor), Kristianstad University, Kristianstad, Sweden.
Bernardo, J.M. (2008). Influência antropogénica na distribuição da lontra (Lutra lutra) [Antropogenic influence on the distribution of the otter (Lutra lutra)] . Master’s Thesis. Aveiro University, Aveiro, Portugal.
Berthollon, G. (1983). First data on the distribution of the otter in the department of Isère. Niverolle The CORA Isère, 6-7. (unable to confirm acronym definition)
Bertrand, A. (1990). The status of the otter (Lutra lutra L.) in the Central Pyrenees (Ariège and Haute Garonne). Ariège Nature, 2: 52-69.
Bertrand, A. (2005). Otter return in Ariège Bulletin ANA-CDENA link, # 59. (unable to confirm acronym definitions)
Bertrand, A. (2006). Diet of otter on the upper basin of the Ariege and Vicdessos. 1st Meeting Naturalists Ariege, La Bastide-de-Sérou [1st Meeting Naturalists Ariege, La Bastide-de-Sérou]. 2 September 2006.
Bertrand, A. (2007). Return of the otter in the central Pyrenees/Otter in the Pyrenees Midi-Pyrenees. (unable to confirm publication information)
Bertrand, A. and J.J Blanchon. (1981). Otter Charentais marshes. Symposium Aquatic Mammals, Vichy, France. 17-18 October,1981.
Beyaert, J. (2005). Otter are you there? Environment Education Project. in: "Conservation of Otter" Proceedings of Symposium XXVII Francophone Mammalogy, 9-10 October 2004, Limoges (87). Ed SFEPM/GMHL [Société Française pour l’Etude et la Protection des Mammifères/Groupe Mammalogique et Herpétologique du Limousin]. pp.187-190.
Bhandari, J. (2008). Status, Distribution and major threats to otter in Karnali River of Bardia National Park, Nepal. Bachelor’s Thesis. Tribhuvan University, Pokhara, Nepal. 31 pp.
Bhandari, J. and G.C.D. Bijaya. (2008). Preliminary survey and awareness for otter conservation in Rupa Lake, Pokhara, Nepal. Journal of Wetlands Ecology, 1(1/2): 2.
Bhattacharya, M, T. Watham, and G.V. Gopi. (2019). Photographic records of Eurasia otter (Lutra lutra Linnaeus, 1758) from Nyamjang Chu river, Arunachal Pradesh, India. IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, 36(2): 103-109. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume36/Bhattacharya_et_al_2019.html
Bian, X and X. Liang. (2020).First photographic evidence of the Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra) in an Inland Saline Lake of the Tibetan Plateau, China.IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin. 37(4): 191-195. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume37/Bian_Liang_2020.html
Bifolchi, A. and T. Lode. (2005). Efficiency of conservation shortcuts: An investigation with otters as umbrella species. Biological Conservation, 126: 523-527.
Billaud J.P. (1995). Attentes vis-à-vis de la nature et appartenances professionnelles : essai d'interprétation à partir d'une enquete sur la perception de la loutre [Expectations towards nature and professional affiliations: Test of interpretation from a survey on the perception of the otter]. Cahiers d'Ethologie [Notebooks of Ethology], Liège 15:(2-3-4): 379-396.
Binner, U. and C. Reuther. (1996). Verbreitung und aktuelle Situation des Fischotters in Niedersachsen.Niedersächs. Landesamt für ökologie [Distribution and current situation of the otter in Lower Saxony. Lower Saxony. State Office for Ecology]. Hanover.
Birula, A. (1914). Notice sure la loutre du Pamir,Lutra lutran. subspecies [in Russian]. Ezhegodnik Zoologiccheskogo Muzeja Rossikoj Akademii Nauka [Yearbook of the Zoological Museum by the Rossica Academy of Science]. 19: 21-24.
Bisther M. (2001). Uttern är Tillbaka [The otter is Back]. Våra Rovdjur [Our Predators], 3: 27-29. (in Swedish).
Bisther, M. (2015). The Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra) in Sweden: Distribution, trend and threats. Poster Session: Proceedings European Otter Workshop. 8-11 June 2015, Stockholm, Sweden. IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, Volume 32(C). https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume32C/Vol32C_Index.html
Bisther, M., O. Norrgrann, T. Sjoasen, and A. Bignert. (2007). The distribution of the Eurasian Otter (Lutra lutra) in Sweden during the last two decades. Proceedings of the European Otter Conference "Return of the Otter in Europe-Where and How?" 4 pp.
Bithorel, B. and L. Lafontaine. (2003). Study defining the status of the European otter and other semi-aquatic mammals in the watershed of Moros (Finistère) and management recommendations of its habitats. Rapp. CRE [Commission de Regulation de L’Energie] Moros, GMB [Groupe Mammalogique Breton]. 22 pp
Björklund, M. and J. Arrendal. (2008). Demo-genetic analysis of a recovering population of otters in central Sweden. Animal Conservation, 11: 529-534.
Blanchon, J.J. (1983). Status of the otter on the lower valley of the Bouzanne. DRAE [Délégation Régionale à l'Architecture et à l'Environnement] DDA [Dutch Data Asssocation and Report Centre].
Blanco-Garrido, F., J. Prenda, and M. Narvaez. (2008). Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra) diet and prey selection in Mediterranean streams invaded by centrarchid fishes. Biological Invasions, 10: 641-648.
Blanke, D. (1996). Aspekte zur Fortführung des Niedersächsischen Fischotterprogramms [Aspects for the continuation of the Lower Saxony otter program] Inform. Natursch. Niedersachs [Inform. Natursch. Lower Saxony], 16: 30-52.
Bochmann, M. and S. Steinlechner. (2017). Uriolithiasis in free-ranging and captive otters (Lutra lutra and Aonyx cineria) in Europe. Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine, 48(3): 725-731
Bodner M. (1994). The European otter in Austria: A review of recent research and conservation activities. Conseil de l'Europe, Rencontres environnement [Council of Europe, Environment Meetings], 24: 98-103.
Bodner M. (1995). Otters and fish-farming: Preliminary experiences of a WWF project in Austria. Hystrix, 7(1-2): 223-228.
Bodner M. (2007). Is compensation the right approach to otter problems? Proceedings of the European Otter Conference "Return of the Otter in Europe-Where and How?" 4 pp.
Bodner, M. (1995). Fish loss in Austrian fish-ponds as a result of otter (Lutra lutraL.) predation. IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, 12: 3-10. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume12/Bodner_1995.html
Bodner, M. (1996). Damage to fish ponds as a result of otter (Lutra lutra) predation. In: Fish Farms: Proceedings of the International Workshop. Litschau, Austria. 8-9 February 1996. pp.106-117.
Bodner, M. (1998). Damage to stock in fish ponds as a result of otters (Lutra lutra) predation. (Universitat fur Bodenkultur Wien). Reports on Wildlife Research & Game Management 14:106-117
Bolinesi, F., S. Viglietti, M. Nicola, and F. M. Guarino.(2019). Presence of the Eurasian otter Lutra lutra (Linnaeus, 1758) (Mammalia Mustelidae) in the Foce Sele-Tanagro Nature Reserve (Campania, Southern Italy) . Biodiversity Journal, 10(2): 121-126.
Bonesi L. and D.W. Macdonald. (2004). Impact of released Eurasian otters on a population of American mink: A test using an experimental approach.Oikos, 106: 9-18.
Bonesi, L. P. Chanin and D.W. MacDonald. (2004). Competition between Eurasian otter Lutra lutra and American Mink Mustela vison probed by niche shift. Oikos,106(1): 19-26.
Bonesi, L. (2008). Europe. Collecting and using information on otter road casualties. European Otter Workshop, Moravsk. Toplice, Slovenia: A Survey invited by the Otter Specialist Group. 10 pp.
Bonesi, L. and D.W. Macdonald. (2004a). Impact of released Eurasian otters on a population of American mink: A test using an experimental approach. Oikos, 106: 9-18.
Bonesi, L. and D.W. Macdonald. (2004b). Differential habitat use promotes sustainable coexistence between the specialist otter and the generalist mink. Oikos, 106: 509-519.
Bonesi, L., P. Chanin, and D.W. Macdonald. (2004). Competition between Eurasian otter Lutra lutra and American mink Mustela vison probed by niche shift. Oikos, 106: 19-26.
Boppe, L. (1900). Peter otters. In: Hunting and fishing in France. Ed Berger-Levrault, Paris.
Bordet, F., J.B. Schweyer, D. de la Gorce, D. Inthavong, J. Mallet, L. Maurice, J.P. Briot, and M. Artois. (1996). Evaluation de la contamination par les PCBs d'un écosystème aquatique en vue de la réintroduction de la loutre en Lorraine. [Assessment of PCB contamination in an aquatic ecosystem for the reintroduction of the otter in Lorraine]. Rapport. 33 pp.
Bordet, F., J.B. Schweyer, F. de la Gorce, D. Inthavong, J. Mallet, L. Maurice, J.P. Briot, and M. Artois. (1999). Evaluation of the contamination by PCBs in various water systems Lorraine: Consequences on the possibility of reintroduction of the otter. (unable to confirm publisher)
Borg, K. (1964). Human tuberculosis in an otter. Tijdschrift Diergeneesk [Magazine of Veterinary Medicine]. 89: 1p.
Boscher, A., S. Gobert, C. Guignard, J. Ziebel, L. L’Hoste, A.C. Gutleb, H.-M. Cauchie, L. Hoffmann, and G. Schmidt. (2010). Chemical contaminants in fish species from rivers in the North of Luxembourg: Potential impact on the Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra). Chemosphere, 78: 785-792.
Boscher, A., S. Gobert, C. Guignard, J. Ziebel, L.L'Hoste, A.C. Gutleb, H.M Cauchie, L. Hoffmann, and G. Schmidt. (2010). Chemical contaminants in fish species from rivers in the North of Luxembourg: Potential impact on the Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra). Chemosphere, 78: 785-792.
Boschiroli, M.L et al. (2008). A case of advanced tuberculosis in a European otter (Lutra lutra) in Britain in 2007. Proceedings of the Fifth International Congress on Veterinary Exotic and Wild Animals, MNHN Paris, 2008. 318 pp.
Boucansaud, C. (2004). Otter (Lutra lutra): Draft study on its distribution in the Mediterranean basin Rhône: Development of a monitoring protocol. Example of the work done in Ardèche. Higher Fishing Council: Protection of Aquatic Environments. (unable to confirm publisher)
Bouchardy C. (1981). La Loutre [The otter]. Centre Ornithologique, Auvergne [Ornithological Center, Auvergne]. 47pp. (unable to confirm publisher)
Bouchardy C. (1988). La Loutre (notes techniques). Bull. mens. ONC [Office National de la Chasse (France)], 122: 6 pp.
Bouchardy C. and De Vericaut. (1993). La loutre d'Europe [European Otter]. Encyclopédie Larousse: mammifères et oiseaux pecheurs [Larousse Encyclopedia: mammals and fishing birds]. pp.1-20.
Bouchardy C. and De Vericaut. (1993). La loutre d'Europe [European Otter]. pp. 1-20. In: Encyclopédie Larousse: Mammifères et oiseaux pecheurs [Larousse Encyclopedia: Mammals and Fishing Birds]. pp.1-20.
Bouchardy C., H. Maurin, and R. and T. Rosoux Tournebize. (1993). Evolution de la répartition de la loutre d'europe en France [Evolution of the distribution of the European otter in France]. SFEPM [Société Française pour l’Etude et la Protection des Mammifères], 6 pp.
Bouchardy C., R. Libois, and R. Rosoux. (1991). Charte déontologique de la reintroduction de la loutre en France [Ethical charter for the reintroduction of the otter in France]. SFEPM [Société Française pour l’Etude et la Protection des Mammifères] , 3 pp.
Bouchardy C., R. Rosoux, and Green R. (2007). The otter (Lutra lutra) in France: An update of the recolonisation of otters from the Massif Central and Atlantic coast population. Proceedings of the European Otter Conference "Return of the Otter in Europe-Where and How?”
Bouchardy, C. (1982). La loutre [The otter]. bull.mens.ONC [Office National de la Chasse (France)], 60: 27-37.
Bouchardy, C. (1985). Statut de la loutre en zone limite de répartition, dans la région Auvergne Limousin [Status of the otter in the distribution limit zone, in the Auvergne Limousin region] (France). Rapport. (unable to confirm pages)
Bouchardy, C. (1987). La Loutre. Editions-Sang de la terre [The Otter: Blood of the Earth-Editions], Paris. 174 pp.
Bouchardy, C. (2001a). Good news for the otter. Battle Nature, 135: 24-25.
Bouchardy, C. (2001b). Otters, history backup. Catiche Prod., Libris. 32 pp.
Bouchardy, C. (2005). Otters in the Seine-Normandy Basin. Agence de l'Eau Seine-Normandie. 32 pp.
Bouchardy, C. and C. and Y. Lemarchand Boulade. (2008). European Otter (Lutra lutra) in the Natura 2000 site "Val d'Allier: Old Brioude-Langeac" FR 8301074: State of conservation, population dynamics, threats and management elements. SMAT Haut-Allier/Catiche Productions. (unable to confirm acronym definition)
Bouchardy, C. and C. Lemarchand. (2010). European otter, known for the host. Technical Specifications mammals Catiche Productions-CORA Wildlife. Bull. Inf. Path. Year Sauv [Bulletin of Pathological Infections]. 21: pp. 37-51. (unable to confirm acronym definition)
Bouchardy, C. and R. Rosoux. (1990). Reintroduction issue of the European otter in France. In: Proceedings XIV Coll. Mamm. SFEPM [Société Française pour l’Etude et la Protection des Mammifères], Nature Center, pp.121-134.
Bouchardy, C. and R. Rosoux. (1997). A89 Clermont-Ferrand, Bordeaux: Area of the otter program for the creation of a park vision and study of the otter. Motorways of the South of France. (unable to confirm publication information)
Bouchardy, C. and Y. Boulade. (1989). Status of the otter (Lutra lutra) in the Parc Naturel Régional des Volcans d'Auvergne (France). Distribution and motion study of recolonization. PNR [Parc Naturel Régional] des Volcans d'Auvergne, 28.
Bouchardy, C. and Y. Boulade. (1991). Draft breeding the European otter center: general and particular case of Vizille in the Isere. Rapp. FRAPNA Isèr, 55 pp. [C] (unable to interpret title or confirm acronym definition.
Bouchardy, C. and Y. Boulade. (1993). Presence of otters on Sioul River upstream and downstream of the dam Queuille (63). Impact of otters crossing dam Queuille: On movements and distribution of the otter. EDF [Electricité de France]. (unable to confirm publication)
Bouchardy, C. and Y. Boulade. (1994). Statute of the Otter (Lutra lutra) on the basin of the Upper Allier upstream Brioude (Haute-Loire, Lozere, Ardeche), Loire. LIFE Nature Programme. Measure "High Allier basin." Nature Haute-Loire; Catiche Productions; Natural areas of France; WWF: Ministry of the Environment; European Union Programme Life, December 1994, 28 p. + Annexes (unable to clarify citation title or confirm publisher information)
Bouchardy, C. and Y. Boulade. (1995a). Reports on the A89 project: Barricade Valley in Saint Julien Puy Lavèze. Scetauroute. (unable to confirm publication information)
Bouchardy, C. and Y. Boulade. (1995b). Status of the otter (Lutra lutra ) in the Regional Natural Park Livradois-Puy de Dôme-Haute Loire: Distribution and movement of recolonization-Investigations and surveys 1994-1995. PNR [Parc Naturel Régional]-Livradois. Nature Protection of the Haute Loire, Loire Nature. (unable to confirm publisher)
Bouchardy, C. and Y. Boulade. (1996). A Highway 89 west section Ussel-Lavèze Puy St Julien: Design of support passages for the otter in hydraulic structures. Scetauroute. (unable to confirm publication information)
Bouchardy, C. and Y. Boulade. (1997). Distribution of the otter in Auvergne: Evaluation at the regional level of the relative importance of otter sites may be recognized community importance under the European Directive called "Habitats". DIRENs [Direction Regionale de l’Environnement] s Auvergne.
Bouchardy, C. and Y. Boulade. (1999). Study on the potential for recolonisation by Otter Watershed Upper Dordogne. Rapp. EPIDOR (EPTB Dordogne) [Etablissment Public Territorial du Bassin de la Dordogne] Catiche Productions.
Bouchardy, C. and Y. Boulade. (2002). Study on the otter in the Seine Normandy Basin: Distribution history, regression causes and future. Catiche Prod. Water Agency Seine-Normandy [Seine-Normandy Water Agency]. 45 pp.
Bouchardy, C. and Y. Boulade. (2005). Research and conservation plan of the European otter on the River Ain. Catiche Productions.
Bouchardy, C. and Y. Boulade. (2007). Historical otter survey in the basin of the Upper Rhone upstream of Lyon (departments of Ain, Isère, Savoie and Haute-avoie). Rapp. HR diren. Catiche Productions. 29 pp. (unable to confirm acronym definition)
Bouchardy, C., and N. and Y. Boulade Gouilloux. (2003). Tracking otters crossing on Dognon Clidane and rivers under the A89 in Section 7 Ussel West/LeSancy from October 2002 to March. Rapp. ASF. 9 pp. (unable to confirm acronym definition)
Bouchardy, C., and N. Y. Boulade Gouilloux. (2002). Tracking otters crossing the rivers and Dognon Clidane under the A89 in Section 7 Ussel West/Le Sancy April 2002 to September 2002. Rapp. ASF, 11 pp. (unable to confirm acronym definition)
Bouchardy, C., and R. and R. Green Rosoux. (2003). The Otter in France: An update of the recolonisation of otters from the Massif Central and Atlantic coasts populations. Proceedings of the European Otter Conference: “Return of the Otter in Europe, Where and how?" Isle of Skye, (Scotland), July 2003.
Bouchardy, C., and R. and R. Libois Rosoux. (1992). Ethical charter of the reintroduction of the otter (Lutra lutra) in France. Ann. biol. Centre (Acts XIV Coll. Mammal, SFEPM [Société Française pour l’Etude et la Protection des Mammifères], 4: 128-129. (unable to confirm publication information)
Bouchardy, C., and R. and Y. Boulade Rosoux. (2002). Good news for the European otter. Wild Mammals, 43: 12-13.
Bouchardy, C., and Y. and C. Boulade Lemarchand. (2007). European Otter (Lutra lutra) in Natura 2000 sites " Gorges de l'Allier and tributaries "FR 8301075 and Lakes and Rivers Otters to "FR 8301095. Conservation status, population dynamics, threats and elements management. MATS Haut-Allier/Catiche Productions. (unable to confirm acronym definition)
Bouchardy, C., C. Lemarchand and N. Boulade Gouilloux. (2009). Distribution of the European otter (Lutra lutra) in the Regional Natural Park of Livradois: Update 2009. Livradois-Forez/Catiche Regional Park Productions.
Bouchardy, C., C. Lemarchand, Y. Boulade, N. Gouilloux, R. Rosoux. and P. Berny. (2011). Natural Recolonization of the Eurasian Otter (Lutra lutra) in the Massif Central (France). Proceedings of XIth International Otter Colloquium. IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulleitn, 28(B): 26-29. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume28B/Bouchardy_et_al_2011.html
Bouchardy, C., R. Rosoux, and C. and Y. Lemarchand Boulade. (2009). European otter (Lutra lutra) in the Forêt d'Orient: Historical investigation into the presence of the species in the upstream region of Seine-Normandy Basin and the Parc Naturel Régional-de la Forêt d'Orient. NRP [Parc Naturel Régional] Report Forest East/Catiche Productions. 40 pp.
Bouchardy, C., R. Rosoux, C. and Y. Lemarchand Boulade. (2009). Status and habitats of the European otter (Lutra lutra) in the Parc Naturel Régional de la Forêt d'Orient and its margins (Basins Aube, Marne, Seine and Yonne). Regional Natural Park of the Orient Forest/Catiche Productions.
Bouchardy, C., Y. Boulade, and N. and C. Gouilloux Lemarchand. (2008). Monitoring the effectiveness of crossing facilities for otters and amphibians on the A89. Production Catiche ASF. (unable to confirm acronym definition)
Bouché, J. (2007). Proposals to advance knowledge of the status and distribution of otters in the Rhône-Alpes and/or the Rhone basin. (unable to confirm publisher)
Bouché, J. (2009). European otter Lutra lutra in Rhône-Alpes: Focus on the observations in 2008 and in the updating of its distribution in 2003-2007. Bièvre, 22: 5-15.
BouragaouI, Z. , W. Ben Aba, F. Kilani, Olfa Sehli, M.A. Hammouda, S. Chebaane, G. Kmira, H. Boughdiri, M.S. Ben Youssef, B. Ben Youssef, S. Alileche and C. Najjar. (2020). New sighting of the near threatened Eurasian otter Lutra lutra in Tunisia. Otter (Journal of the Otter Trust): 2020: 20-25.
Bourand, M. (1988). Otter Nivernais Morvan. SEGMN Nivernais Morvan. 115 pp. (unable to confirm acronym definition)
Bouros, G. and D. Murariu. (2017). Comparative diet analysis of the Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra) in different habitats: Putna-Vrancea Natural Park and Lower Siret Valley, south-eastern Romania. North-Western Journal of Zoology, 13(2): 311-319.
Brandes, B. (1999). Keeping otters in captivity: Veterinary care. 5 pp.
Braun, A.J. (1983). Distribution of Lutra lutra in the area of Lake Grandlieus. 1st phase from 1981 to 1982. Rapp. Unpublished.
Braun, A.J. (1988). The otter (Lutra lutra) in Brittany. IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, 3: 5-8. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume3/Braun_1988.html
Bravo, R. (2001). Conservation of otter (Lutra lutra) in a Mediterranean area: The of habitat quality temporal variation in water availability. Aquatic Conservation-marine and Freshwater Ecosystems, 11:343-355.
Breathnach, S. and J.S. Fairley. (1993). The diet of otters Lutra lutra (L.) in the Clare river system. Biological Environment, 93B: 151-158.
Breathnach. S. and J. S. Fairley. (1993). The Diet of Otters Lutra lutra (L.) in the Clare River System. Biology and Environment: Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy, 93B(30): 151-158.
Brechbuhl, A. (2009). European otter, goddess of the waters in the heart of the Rhone. Basin insert CORA Wildlife, 2 pp. (unable to confirm acronym definition)
Brehm, A.E (1868). Otter. In: The life of Animals Shown. Ed Bailliere, Paris. Rééd. Les Editions du Bout du Monde, Plougonven 1987. pp. 205-233.
Brenot, D. and J.L Wilhelm. (1988). Status of the otter in Alsace. Ciconia, 2(2): 107-108.
Bringsoe, H. and J. Norgaard. (2018). Predation of Triturus cristatus (Caudata: Salamandridae) by the Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra) (Carnivora: Mustelidae). Herpetology Notes, 11: 279-280.
Britton, J. R., J.S. Shepherd, S. Toms, and V. Simpson. (2005). Presence of carp (Cyprinus carpio) in the diet of the otter (Lutra lutra). Fisheries Management & Ecology, 12(3): 221-223.
Britton, J.R., J. Pegg, J.S. Sheperd, and S. Toms. (2006). Revealing the prey items of the otter (Lutra lutra) in South West England using stomach contents analysis. Folia Zoologica, 55(2) 167-174.
Britton, J.R., M. Berry, S. Sewell, C. Lees, and P. Reading. (2017). Importance of small fishes and invasive crayfish in otter (Lutra lutra) diet in an English chalk stream. Knowledge & Management of Aquatic Ecosystems, 418(13): 5 pp.
Broc'h Ar, A. (1978). Otter. Ed First Editions & Publications.
Broekhuizen S. and E.M. De Ruiter-Dijkman. (1988). Otters (Lutra lutra)met PCB's: De zeehondjes van het zoete water [The seals of the fresh water]? Lutra, 31: 68-78.
Broekhuizen, S. (1985). Visvraat door otter Lutra lutra (L., 1758) of bruine rat Rattus norvegicus (Berkenhout, 1769). [Remains of fish eaten by otter Lutra lutra (L., 1758) or Norway rat Rattus norvegicus (Berkenhout, 1769)]. Lutra, 28: 97-105. (English summary).
Broekhuizen, S. (1986). First data on contamination of otters in the Netherlands. IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, 1(2): 14-17. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume2/Broekhuizen_1987.html
Broekhuizen, S., D.R. Lammertsma, and G.J.D.M. Muskens. (2007). Re-mating otter (Lutra lutra). Lutra, 50(2); 135-139.
Bronwen, B. (2005). Otters in Poole Harbour. Proceedings in Marine Science, 7: 149-157.
Broussard, B. and P. Jourde. (2014). Restoring ecological continuity for otters and mink Europe. National Biodiversity Strategy. Technical seminars COTITA: Reduction measures and compensation for biodiversity on transport infrastructure and facilities, Poitiers (86). (unable to confirm acronym definition)
Brouwers, E. (1996). De Otter “ En speelse spetter” [The Otter “and playful splash”]. Animal, Belliardstaat [Animal, Belliard State] 14-18, B-10 40, Brussels, Belgium.
Broyer J. and J. Erome. (1981). Ecologie de la loutre et étude de sa répartition dans le bassin Rhodanien [Otter ecology and study of its distribution in the Rhone basin]. Rapport [Report], 35 pp. (unable to confirm publication information)
Broyer J. and J. Erome. (1982). Eléments d'écologie de la loutre (premières données bibliographiques) [Elements of otter ecology (first bibliographic data)]. Le Bièvre, 4(1): 33-55.
Broyer J. and J. Erome. (1983). La loutre dans le bassin rhodanien [The otter in the Rhone basin]. Le Bièvre, 5(1): 97-118.
Broyer, J. (1986). Rélexions sur la régression de la loutre en France [Reflections on the regression of the otter in France]. Arvicola, 3(1): 11-14.
Broyer, J., S. Aulagnier, and R. Destre. (1988). La loutre (Lutra lutra angustifrons, Lataste 1985), au Maroco [The otter Lutra lutra angustifrons (Lataste 1985), in Morocco], Mammalia, 52(3): 361-369.
Bruckova, M., P, S?imera, and J. Rajchard. (2018). Anal glands adenomatous hyperplasia in the Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra): A case report. Bulletin VYDRA, 17: 26-29.
Brudnicki, W. (2012). Brain base arteries: Pattern and variation in the European otter (Lutra lutra).Anat Histol Embryol.[Anatomia Histologia Embryologia], 41(5): 358-361.
Brunelle, R. (1997). Reintroduction of otters in Alsace. Rapp. Aprecia to the attention of CNPN [Conseil National de la Protection de la Nature]. 54 pp. + Annexes.
Bruno, D., V. Zapata, S. Guareschi, et al. (2019). Eurasian otter response to habitat restoration: Monitoring the success of Life Ripisilvanatura (SE Spain). 33rd European Mustelid Colloquium. 8-11 October 2019, Lisbon, Portugal.
Brunström, B., M. Olsson, and A. Roos. (1998). 2,3,7,8-TCDD [2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin] equivalent concentrations in livers from Swedish otters determined with a bioassay. Organohalogen Compounds, 39: 149-150.
Brush, X. (2002). Otter Europe on the watershed of the Orne (14, 61-France): Distribution, habitat and prospects. Rapp. But. River & Landscapes, 18 pp. + Annexes. (unable to interpret publication abbreviation)
Brush, X. (2002). Otter in Suisse Normande: Confirmed presence! Petit Dormouse, 59: 5-7.
Brush, X. (2004). The European otter in the middle valley of the Orne (14, 61-France). Use the hydrographic network, evolutionary trend, threats and limiting factors. Rapp. EIPC Hills Norman, AESN [Agence de l’Eau Seine-Normandie], FND, 18 pp. + Annexes. (unable to confirm second acronym definition)
Brush, X. (2005). The European otter in the middle valley of the Orne (Calvados, Orne): Use the hydrographic network, evolutionary trend, threats and limiting factors, distribution, habitat and prospects. In: "Conservation Otter ", Proceedings of the XXVII Francophone Symposium Mammalogy, 9 & 10 October 2004, Limoges (87). Ed SFEPM/GMHL [Société Française pour l’Etude et la Protection des Mammifères/Groupe Mammalogique et Herpétologique du Limousin]. pp. 55-62.
Bruun-Schmidt, I. (1996).The presence of otter (Lutra lutra) in Danish fish farms. pp. 33-34. Fish Farms: Proceeding International Workshop, Litschau, Austria. 8-9 February
Brzezinski, M. and J. Romanowski. (1994). Otter distribution in Poland. Conseil de l'Europe, Rencontres Environnement [Council of Europe, Environment Meetings], 24: 69-70.
Brzezinski, M., J. Romanowski, J.P. Cygan, and B. Pabin. (1996). Otter distribution in Poland. Acta Theriologica, 41(2): 113-126.
Brzezinski, M., J. Romanowski, J.P. Cygan, and P. Pabin. (1996). Otter(Lutra lutra)distribution in Poland.Acta Theriologica, 41:113-126.
Brzezinski, M., J. Romanowski, T. Kopczynski and E. Kurowicka. (2006). Habitat and seasonal variations in diet of otters (Lutra lutra) in eastern Poland. Folia Zoologia, 55(4): 337-348.
Brzezinski, M., J. Romanowski, T. Kopczynski and E. Kurowicka. (2006). Habitat and seasonal variations in diet of otters (Lutra lutra) in eastern Poland. Folia Zoologia, 55(4): 337-348
Brzezinski, M., Romanowski, J., Cygan, J.P., Pabin, B. (1996). OtterLutra lutradistribution in Poland.Acta Theriologica.41:113-126.
Bueno, F. (1996). Competition between American mink and otter during winter. Acta Theriologica, 41(2): 149-154.
Buglione, M., S. Petrelli, C. Troiano, T. Notomista, A. Petrella, L. De Riso, L. Poerio, V. Cascini, R. Bartolomei, and D. Fulgione. (2020). Spatial genetic structure in the Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra) meta-population from its core range in Italy. Contributions to Zoology, 1-23.
Buglione, M.,S. Petrelli,C. Troiano,T. Notomista, E. Rivieccio,and D. Fulgione.. (2020). The diet of otters (Lutra lutra) on the Agri river system, one of the most important presence sites in Italy: A molecular approach. e9606. doi: https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.9606.eCollection 2020.
Busserolles, F. and L. Mercier. (2004). Feasibility study of hair traps on the European Otter Lutra lutra (Linnaeus, 1758). Centre Reintroduction of Storks and Otter Hunawihr. Rapp. (unpublished).
Buys, J., Jansen, W., Janssen, S., Schepers, F. (1991). Toekomst voor de otter in Limburg [Future for the otter in Limburg]. Natuurhist. Maandblad [Natural History, monthly magazine], 80: 198-208. (in Dutch with English abstract).
Buzzard, P., J, Gyonjyan, A. Kaloyan, and G. and L. Aghasyan, L. (2020).Update on the Status of the Eurasian OtterLutra lutrain ArmeniaIUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin,37(4): 196-204. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume37/Buzzard_et_al_2020.html
Bytchkov V.A. and G.V. Chachin. (1994). The present condition of the river otter in Russia and problems of its conservation. Conseil de l'Europe, Rencontres Environnement [Council of Europe, Environment Meetings], 24: 95-97.
Conseil de l'Europe Rencontres environnement [Council of Europe, Environment Meetings], 24: 162-164.
van den Brink, N.W. and A.H. Jansmann. (2006). Applicability of spraints for monitoring organic contaminants in free ranging otters (Lutra lutra). Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, 25(11): 2821-2826
Top
Callejo, A. (1988). The choice of prey by otters (Lutra lutra) in north-western Spain in relation to environmental factors. Mammalia, 52(1): 11-20.
Camby, A. and C. Maizeret. (1982). Contribution to the study of the distribution and supply of otters in the departments of Landes and Gironde. 6th Regional Conference of Ornithology, Aire/Adour, November 1982.
Camby, A. and C. Maizeret. (1984). Contribution to the study of the distribution and diet of the otter in the departments of Gironde and Landes. Lutreola, 1: 17-22.
Camby, A., Le Gall, O., Maizeret, C. (1984). Atlas d’identification des restes alimentaires de la Loutre (premiers elements). Groupe Loutres, Bulletin de Liaison.
Canady, A. (2017). Notes on the baculum morphology of the Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra) from north-eastern Slovakia, Zoology and Ecology, 27(2): 103-105.
Capber, F. (1997) The European otter (Lutra lutra): Reproduction and reintroduction. Veterinary Thesis, University of Lyon. Lyon, France. No. 046. 201 pp.
Capber, F. 2006. Reproduction de la loutre européenne Lutra lutra. Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Ethn. Colmar. 67: 35-76.
Capber, F. (2007). Veterinary care of Eurasian otters (Lutra lutra) at the Otter Breeding Centre of Hunawihr (France). IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bullettin, 24(1): 47-62. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume24/Capber_2007.html
Capber, F. and A. Lehmann. (2009). A European Otter Lutra lutra discovery in Alsace (France). Arvicola, Volume XIX, 1: 8-11.
Carone, M.T., A. Guisan, C. Cianfrani, T. Simoniello, A. Loy. M.L. Carranza. (2014). A multi-temporal approach to model endangered species distribution in Europe. The case of the Eurasian otter in Italy. Ecological Modelling, 274:21-28.
Carranza, M.L., E. D’alessandra, S. Saur, and A. Loy. (2012). Connectivity providers for semi-aquatic vertebrates: The case of the endangered otter in Italy. Landscape Ecology, 27(2): 281-290.
Carsignol, J. et al. (2005). Sheet "Otter". In: Facilities and measures for small animals. Guidance SETRA [Service Technique des Routes et Autoroutes] Collection "tools", Ref. 0527, Ministry of Transport, Infrastructure, pp. 236-241. (unable to confirm publication or clarify title)
Carss, D. (1995). Foraging behaviour and feeding ecology of the otterLutra lutra: A selective review.Hystrix, 7(1-2): 179-194.
Carss, D. N. and K.C. Nelson. (1998). Cyprinid prey remains in otter (Lutra lutra) faeces: Some words of caution. Journal of Zoology, 245: 238–244.
Carss, D.N. and D.A. Elston. (1996). Errors associated with otter Lutra lutrafaecal analysis: 2. Estimating prey size distribution from bones recovered in spraints. Journal of Zoology 238: 319-332.
Carss, D.N., and S.G.Parkinson. (1996). Errors associated with otter (Lutra lutra) faecal analysis: 1. Assessing general diet from spraints. Journal of Zoology, 238: 301-317.
Carss, D.N., D.A. Elston, and H.S. Morley. (1998). The effects of otter (Lutra lutra) activity on spraint production and composition: Implications for models which estimate prey-size distribution. Journal of Zoology, 244(2): 295-302.
Carss, D.N., H. Kruuk, and J.W.H. Conroy. (1990). Predation on adult Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar (L.), by otters Lutra lutra (L.), within the River Dee system, Aberdeenshire, Scotland. Journal of Fish Biology, 37: 935-944.
Cassens, I., R. Tiedemann, F. Suchentrunk, and G.B. Hartl, (2000). Mitochondrial variation in the European otter (Lutra lutra) and the use of spacial autocorrelation analysis in conservation. Journal of Heredity. 90: 31-35.
Cassereau, G. (2001). Contamination of otters in western France by some trace elements: Cadmium, copper, mercury, selenium and zinc. PhD Thesis, Veterinarian, University of Nantes, France. 146 pp.
Cassereau, G., P. Bustamante, R. Rosoux, and. P. and F. Miramand Caurant. (2003). Contamination by selected track content (Cd, Cu, Hg, Se and Zn) of the European otter (Lutra lutra) from Western France. Proceedings of the European Otter Conference-"Return of the Otter in Europe, Where and How? Isle of Skye, Scotland.
Cassola, F. (1986). La lontra in Italia: Censimento, distribuzione e problemi di conservazione di una specie minacciata [Otters in Italy: Census, distribution and conservation problems of a threatened species]. In: The Otter in Italy: Survey, distribution and conservation of an endangered species. WWF Italia. Serie Atti e Studi n.5, Roma [Acts and Studies Series n.5, Rome]. 135 pp.
Cassoudebat, L., S. Martin, A. Molinier, M. Tessier and A. Bertrand. (2005). Status and conservation of the otter in Midi-Pyrénées. Arvicola, XVII (1): 9-16.
Catalunya, Departament De Medi Ambient II (2001). Plan de conservación de la llúdriga a Catalunya: Biologia i conservació [Otter conservation plan in Catalonia: Biology and conservation]. Dept. Medi Ambiental, Barcelona, 145 pp. (in Catalan with English Abstract).
Cha, H-G., J-H. Kim, and M-M.Yoon. (2017). A Study on changes in the density of Eurasian otter spraints (2012-2016). Journal of Environmental Science International (The Korean Environmental Sciences Society), 26(4): 457-466.
Chadwick, E.A., V.R. Simpson, A.E. Nicholls, and F.M. Slater. (2011). Lead levels in Eurasian otters decline with time and reveal interactions between sources, prevailing weather, and stream chemistry. Environmental Science & Technology, 45: 1911-1916.
Champion, P. (2011). Otters moved aloft. Website "Lourdes news, Info Source"
Chanin, P. (2003). Ecology of the European otter (Lutra lutra): Conserving Natura 2000 Rivers Ecology Series No 10. Peterborough, English Nature. (“The author wants to state that he was not consulted about the title of the final version”).
Chanin,P.R.F. and D. J. Jefferies. (1978). The decline of the otter(Lutra lutraL.) in Britain: An analysis of hunting records and discussion of causes. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 10(3): 305-328.
Chaudry, I. U. (1991). Otters in Pakistan. Pakistan Journal of Forestry, 41: 31-33.
Chaudry, I. U. (1991). Otters in Pakistan.In: Reuther, C. and R. Rochert (eds.). Proceedings of the International Otter Colloquium, Hankensbuttel. Habitat, 6: 63-50.
Chegrani, P. (2011). The regional version of the National Action Plan (NAP) for the 2010-2015 otter. DREAL [Direction Régionale de l’Environnement, de l’Aménagement et du Logement] Website Auvergneu.
Chenevas, P.L et al. (2003). Reintroduction of the otter in France. Tutored project? 39 pp. (unable to confirm publisher)
Chereau, G. (1930). Otter sets, night hunting and the love of man to the fields. Coll. Free Works, Ed Fayard, Paris. pp. 5-36.
Chéreau, G. (1930). Otter Sets. New, Free works, Ed Fayard, 379 pp.
Cherin, M., D.A. Iuriana, and G. Willmesen. (2016). A new otter from the early Pleistocene of Pantalla (Italy): With remarks on the evolutionary history of Mediterranean Quarternary Lutrinae (Carnivora, Mustelidae). Quarterly Science Reviews. 135: 92-102
Chettri, P. and M. Savage. (2014). A distribution survey for otters along a river in central Bhutan. IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, 31(2): 65-74. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume31/Chettri_Savage_2014.html
Cheyrezy, T. and W. and J. Cheyrezy Cheyrezy. (2012). The European otter (Lutra lutra) in the valley of the Vire. New data in late 2011-early 2012. Petit Dormouse, 65: 18-21.
Christensen H, T.M. Heggberget, and A.C. Gutleb (2010) Polychlorinated biphenyls and reproductive performance in otters from the Norwegian coast. Arch Environ Contam Toxicol.[Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology], 59: 652-660.
Christensen, H., T.M. Heggberget, and A.C. Gutleb. (2010). Polychlorinated biphenyls and reproductive performance in otters from the Norwegian Coast. Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 59: 652-660.
Chuard, P. (2007). The possible return of the otter in Great Caricaie: Angry fishermen. Swiss internet Toc Passion website.
Cianfrani, C., G. Le Lay, L. Maiorano, H.F. Satizábal, A. Loy, and A. Guisan. (2011). Adapting global conservation strategies to climate change at the European scale: The otter as a flagship species. Biological Conservation, 144: 2068-2080.
Cianfrani, C., L. Maiorano, A. Loy, A. Kranz, R. Lehmann, R. Maggini, and A. Guisan. (2013). There and back again? Combining habitat suitability modeling and connectivity analyses to assess a potential return of the otter to Switzerland. Animal Conservation, 16: 584-594.
Ciuffoli, L. (2017). Estudio de la conectividad del paisaje en zonas antrópicas: Análisis del papel de un sistema lagunar de gravera restaurada y de distintos escenarios de restauración ecológica utilizando a la nutria (Lutra lutra) como especie indicadora [Study of landscape connectivity in anthropic areas: Analysis of the role of a restored gravel lagoon system and of different ecological restoration scenarios using the otter (Lutra lutra) as an indicator species.]. Master’s Thesis. Universidad de Alcal, Madrid, Spain.
Clapham, R. (2016). The Book of Otter. Gutenberg (EBook # 53071)
Clavero, M., J. Prenda, and M. Delibes. (2003). Trophic diversity of the otter (Lutra lutra L.) in temperate and Mediterranean freshwater habitats. Journal of Biogeography, 30: 761-769.
Clavero, M., J. Prenda, and M. Delibes. (2006). Seasonal use of coastal resources by otters: Comparing sandy and rocky stretches. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, 66(2006): 387-394.
Clavero, M., J. Ruiz-Olmo, T. Sales-Luis, F. Blanco-Garrido, R. Romero, N. M. Pedroso, J. Prenda, M. Santos-Reis, M. Narváez y M. Delibes (2008). Lo que comen las nutriasibéricas [What Iberian otters eat]. pp: 345-367. In: López-Martín, J.M. and J. Jiménez (eds.). La nutria en España.Veinte años de seguimiento de un mamífero amenazado [The otter in Spain: Twenty years of monitoring a threatened mammal]. SECEM, Málaga. (unable to confirm definition of the acronym)
Clavero, M., V. Hermoso, L. Brotons, and M. Delibes. (2010). Natural, human and spatial constraints to expanding populations of otters in the Iberian Peninsula. Journal of Biogeography, 37: 2345-2357.
Clayton, C.J. and M.J. Jackson. (1980). Norfolk otter survey 1980-81. Otter (Journal of the Otter Trust): 1980. pp.16-22.
Clode, D. and D.W. Macdonald. (1995). Evidence for food competition between mink (Mustela vison) and otter (Lutra lutra) on Scottish islands. Journal Zoology, 237: 435-444.
Cohen, T. M., T. Narkiss, A. Dolev, Y. Ben-Ari, N. KronfeldSchor, A. Guter, D. Saltz, and G.K. Bar-Gal. (2013). Genetic diverstiy of the Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra) population in Israel. Journal of Heredity, 104: 192-201.
Colas, C., F. Caurant, R. Rosoux, and M.N. Bellefroid. (2006). Contamination of the European otter by organic pollutants (PCBs, OCPs) and metal (Cd, Hg, Se, Zn, Cu) in the west of France. Summary of work 2005. MEDD Report, Poitou-Charente, City of Rochelle. 78 pp.
Colette, J. (2004). An otter on Sée (Manche). Small Dormouse [Petit Dormouse], 61: 5-7.
Collective Work: Richier, S. and E. Sarat (coord.). (2011). Beaver and otter on the Loire basin. Synthesis of knowledge 2010. mammals Network basin of the Loire, ONCFS Plan Loire Grandeur Nature, 84. (unable to confirm acronym defimition)
Collective Work: Richier, S. and E. Sarat (coord.). (2011). Beaver and otter on the Loire basin. Synthesis of knowledge 2010. Mammals Network basin of the Loire, ONCFS Plan Loire Grandeur Nature, 84. (unable to confirm acronym definition)
Collective. (2000). Restoration Plan of the European otter in France. Ministry of Spatial Planning and Environment, Department of Nature and Landscape , 60 pages + annexes. (Working Group: Bouchardy C., J. de Kermabon, H. Jacques, L. Lafontaine, R. Libois, T. Lode, C. Maizeret, H. Maurin, P. Milligan, F., R. Rosoux, and T. Tournebize). Abstract as a "plug otter"/"books Habitats".
Collective. (2007). Restoring otter habitats in Belgium and the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg. (unable to confirm publication)
Collective. (2010). LIFE-Nature project "Restoration of otter habitats (B & L)" Document restitution Symposium project completion, 24 and 25 September 2010, Wiltz (Grand-Duchy of Luxembourg). European LIFE-Nature program funded by the European Commission, the Luxembourg State and Wallonia, 15 pp. (unable to confirm acronym definition)
Collective. (2010). Prospecting of the European otter (Lutra lutra) on the upper basins of the Orne, Mayenne and Sarthe, territory of Normandy Maine Regional Park. CPIE Coordination Hills Norman. 45 pp. (unable to confirm definition of the acronym)
Collective. (2011). Otter Life: review of five years of action in favor of an iconic species of our waterways. Brochure LIFE Project "Restoration of otter habitats,"Life 05/NAT/B/000085. European Commission, Walloon Region-Ministry of Sustainable Development and Infrastructure and Ministry of Internal Affairs and the Greater Region-Operational General Agriculture, Natural Resources and Environment, Grand Duchy of Luxembourg Branch. 16 pp. (unable to confirm acronym definition)
Collective. (2011). Otter Plan 2011-2021 in Wallonia and the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg, written under the LIFE "Restoring otter habitats" 05/NAT/B/000085 LIFE project. Wallonia and the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg, 75. (unable to confirm acronym definition)
Collective. (2012). Balance surveys "Otter" in the sector Bricquebec (50) end of March 2012. Petite Dormouse, 65: 25.
Columbus, H. (2011). Otter returns to the department of Loire. Loire & terroirs, 27-29.
Compton, J. (2000). TRAFFIC analyses: Wildlife trade dynamics in Vietnam. Traffic Dispatches, 14: 12-13.
Conroy J.W. and P.R. Chanin. (2000). The status of the Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra) in Europe: A review. Journal of the International Otter Survival Fund, 1:7-28.
Conroy, J and D. Calder. (2000). Otters Lutra lutra killing mountain hares Lepus timidus. IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, 17(1): 52-54. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume17/Conroy_Calder_2000.html
Conroy, J, R. Melisch, and P. Chanin. (1998). The Distribution and Status of the Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra) in Asia: A Preliminary Review. IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, 15(1):15-30. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume15/Conroy_et_al_1998.html
Conroy, J. (2006a). The otter: Ambassador of peace. IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, 23(1): 15-16. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume23/Conroy_2006b.html
Conroy, J. (2006b). The otter in New Zealand: Did such an animal exist? IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin. 23(1): 4. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume23/Conroy_2006a.html
Conroy, J. and R. Green. (1996). Otters (Lutra lutra) and fish farming in Scotland. Fish Farms. pp. 8-19.
Conroy, J. W. H. and D. Jenkins. (1986). Ecology of otters in northern Scotland. VI. Diving times and hunting success of otters (Lutra lutra) at Dinnet Lochs, Aberdeenshire and in Yell Sound, Shetland. J. Zool. Lond. [ Journal of Zoology (London)], (A), 209: 341-346.
Conroy, J., P. Chanin, L. Lafontaine, A.B Madsen, and H. and P. Kruger Yoxon. (2007). Mitigation for a safer otter habitat. Report of the IUCN Otter Specialist Group Workshop. Dutch Otter Re-introduction Project in the Netherlands, Steenwijk (NL). 10-12 April, 2007. 3 pp.
Conroy, J.W.H. (1995). Otters and oil spills: The impacts and the effects. Cahiers d´Ethologie [Notebooks of Ethology], 15: 325-336.
Conroy, J.W.H. and D.D. French. (1987). The use of spraints to monitor populations of otters (Lutra lutra L.). Symp. Zool. Soc. Lond.[Symposia of the Zoological Society of London], 58: 247-262.
Conroy, J.W.H. and P.R.F. Chanin. (2002). The status of the Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra). IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, 19A: 24-48. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume19A/Trebon-I.pdf
Conroy, J.W.H., and H. Kruuk. (1995). Changes in otter numbers in Shetland between 1988 and 1993. Oryx, 29: 197-204.
Constant, J. (2004). Distribution of the otter on the part of the NRP limousine Périgord-Limousin (South Haute-Vienne). Rapp. BTS-GPN Aubenas, GMHL [Groupe Mammalogique et Herpétologique du Limousin]. 30 pp.(unable to confirm first and second acronyms)
Copp, G.H. and L. Kovac. (2003). Biometric relationships between body size and bone lengths in fish prey of the Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra): Chub (Leuciscus cephalus) and Perch (Perca fluviatilis). Folia Zoologica, 52: 109-112.
Cortes, Y., R. Fernandez-Salvador, F.J. Garcia, E. Virgos, and M. Llorente. (1998). Changes in otterLutra lutradistribution in central Spain in the 1964-1995 period. Biological Conservation, 86: 179-183.
Cousins, L., D. Tansley, and L. Hepburn. (2011). Investigation into the dietary habits of the Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra) in the County of Essex. IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, 28(2): 76-83. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume28/Cousins_et_al_2011.html
Cowell, D., G.Thomas, G. Liles, A. Bradshaw, L. Midgley, and F. Slater. (2001). Monitoring the use of artificial log pile otter holts using hair analysis from bedding. IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, 18(1): 6-11. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume18/Cowell_Thomas_et_al_2001.html
Coxon, K., P. Chanin, J. Dallas, and T. Sykes. (1999). The use of DNA fingerprinting to study population dynamics of otters (Lutra lutra) in Southern Britain: A feasibility study. R&D Technical Report W202, Environment Agency, Bristol, United Kingdom.
Crawford, A. (2003). Fourth Otter Survey of England 2000-2002. Bristol. nhbs (wildlife/ecology/conservation). 88 pp.
Crawford, A. (2010). Fifth Otter Survey of England 2009-2010. Technical Report. 125 pp. Environment Agency. 125 pp.
Criel, D. (1988). The situation of the otter in Flanders, Belgium. IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, 3: 1. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume4/Criel_1989.html
Cronstrom, U. (1987). Utterpar aterfick friheten [Utterpar regained his freedom]. Finlands Natur [Nature of Finland] 45:23. (unable to fully translate title)
Crush, J. (1986). Reflections on the decline of the otter in France. Arvicola, 3: 11-14.
Crush, J. and G. Erôme. (1982). Otter Ecology and study of its distribution in the Rhone basin. Rapp. CORA, CNR, 65 pp. (unable to confirm acronym definitions)
Crush, J. and G. Erôme. (1983). The otter in the Rhone basin. The Bièvre, 5(1): 97-118.
Crush, J. and R.A. Destre. (1988). The otter (Lutra lutra angustifrons, Lataste, 1885) in Morocco. Mammalia, 52(3): 361-370.
Top
Dallas, J. F., K.E. Coxon, T.Sykes, P.R.F. Chanin, F. Marshall, D.N. Carss, P.J. Bacon, S.B. Piertney, and P.A. Racey. (2003). Similar estimates of population genetic composition and sex ratio derived from carcasses and faeces of Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra). Molecular Ecology, 12: 275-282.
Dallas, J.F. and S.B. Piertney. (1998). Microsatellite primers for the Eurasian otter. Molecular Ecology, 7: 1248-1251.
Dallas, J.F., D.N. Carss, F. Marshall, K.P. Koepfli, H. Kruuk, P.J Bacon, and S.B. Piertney. (2000). Sex identification of the Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra) by PCR typing of spraints. Conservation Genetics, 1:181–183
Dallas, J.F., F. Marshall, S.B. Piertney, P.J. Bacon, and P.A. Racey. (2002). Spatially restricted gene flow and reduced microsatellite polymorphism in the Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra) in Britain. Conservation Genetics, 3: 15-29.
Dallas, J.F., P.J. Bacon, D.N. Carss, J.W.H. Conroy, R. Green, D. J. Jefferies, H. Kruuk, F. Marshall, S.B. Piertney, and P.A. Racey. (1999). Genetic diversity in the Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra) in Scotland: Evidence from microsatellite polymorphism. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 68(1-2): 73-86.
Daske, D. and A. Waechter. (1972). In search of the latest otters. In: Living Vosges , Ed SAEP, Colmar, Ingersheim, 243 pp. (unable to confirm acronym definition)
Davies. M.J. (2008). Chemical Communication in the European Otter, Lutra lutra. Doctoral Thesis, University of Hull. Kingston upon Hull, England.
Davoust, P. (2007). Loutre [Otter]. (unable to confirm publisher)
De Beaulieu, F. (1992). Hunting and talk otter in Brittany. Penn ar Bed, 146: 17-21.
De Beaulieu, F. (year unknown). Chasser et parler la loutre dans le Finistère. [Hunt and speak the otter in Finistère]., pp.17-21. (unable to confirm year and publisher)
De Castro, G, and A. Loy. (2007). Un nuovo censimento della lontra (Lutra lutra, Carnivora, Mammalia) nel fiume Sangro (Abruzzo): inizia la ricolonizzazione dell’Italia centrale? Vol. 68. Convegno Unione Zoologica Italiana; Lecce [A new census of the otter (Lutra lutra, Carnivora, Mammalia) in the Sangro river (Abruzzo): is the recolonization of central Italy beginning? Vol. 68. Conference of the Italian Zoological Union; Lecce].
De Jongh, A. (1995). 1995 Seminar on otter. Naturopa, 77: 9.
De Jongh, A. and K. Bavinck. (1993). The Otterpark Aqualutra. IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, 8: 28-29. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume8/de_Jongh_Bavinck_1993.html
De Jongh, A.W.J.J. (1986). Possible evidence for underwater chemoreception in the European otter (Lutra lutraL., 1758). Lutra, 29: 141-144.
De Jongh, A.W.J.J. (1998). Re-introduction of otters: Support or risk for otter conservation? IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, 15(2): 75-79. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume15/de_Jongh_1998.html
De Jongh, A.W.J.J. (2007). Preparation for the re-introduction of otters in the Netherlands. Proceedings of the European Otter Conference "Return of the Otter in Europe-Where and How?" 4 pp.
De Jongh, A.W.J.J. de (1988). The lack of toad remains in otter (Lutra lutra) spraints. Lutra, 31: 79-81.
De Kermabon, J. (2000). Proceedings of monitoring the otter. Results years 1991-2000. 5. 2000. Florac, Cevennes National Park.
De la Gorce, F. (1993a). Etude de faisabilité de la Loutre : bassins de la Moselle, de la Meuse etsur le plateau des 1000 étangs Agence de l'Eau Rhin-Meuse [Otter feasibility study: Moselle and Meuse basins and on the plateau of 1000 ponds Rhine-Meuse Water Agency]. 142 pp.
De la Gorce, F. (1993b). Feasibility of reintroduction of the otter (Lutra lutra) in the geographical area of the Agence de l'Eau Rhin-Meuse Basins of the Moselle and the Meuse, and the Tea Thousand Ponds. Rapp. Agence de l'Eau Rhin-Meuse, Regional Natural Park of Ballons des Vosges, 108 p. + Annexes.
De La Gorce, F. (1994). Feasibility of reintroduction of otters in Alsace. General Council of Alsace, Part 1, pp. 66. (unable to confirm publisher)
De la Gorce, F. (1995). Reintroduction of the otter in Lorraine 1995: Feasibility study. Cah. Ethol., [Cahiers d'Ethologie Appliquee], 15(2-3-4): 351-367.
De Lavenede Natuur. (1989). Journal of Field Ecology Management, 90: No.2. pp. 32-65. Issue devoted to Lutra lutra with 11 articles. (unable to confirm publication information)
De Silva, P. K. (1989). Aspects of behaviour and ecology of Old World otters. A review: Proceedings of Vth International Otter Colloquium.
De Silva, P. K. (2006a). A guide to the identification of spraints and tracks of Asian otters. Asian Otter Secretariat. Sri Lanka.
De Silva, P.K. (1991). Distribution of Lutra lutra in the highlands of Sri Lanka. IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, 6: 2-5.
De Silva, P.K. (1995). The status of otters in Asia and southeast Asia. In: Reuther, C. and Rowe-Rowe, D. (eds.) Proceedings of the VIth International Otter Colloquium. Habitat, 11: 33-35.
De Silva, P.K. (2006b). A guide to the identification and analysis of prey remains in otter spraints. Asian Otter Secretariat. Sri Lanka.
De Silva, P.K. (2011). Status of otter species in the Asian region: Status for 2007. Proceedings of the Xth International Otter Colloquium. IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, 28(A): 97-107. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume28A/de_Silva_2011.html
De Silva, P.K., and Lombardi, D. (2001). Studies on otters in selected areas in Asia. Project Report. IUCN/SSC Asian Otter Secretariat and Columbus Zoological Park Association, Ohio.
De Silvestri, M. (2018). Variabilità geografica della lontra eurasiatica (Lutra lutra) in Europa, investigata attraverso la morfometria geometrica tridimensionale del cranio. [Geographical variability of the Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra) in Europ investigated through the three-dimensional geometric morphometry of the skull]. Tesi di laurea magistrale [Master's Thesis]. Universita di Pisa. Italy.
De Smet, K. (1986). No otters in the Tassili mountains (Sahara). IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, 1(2): 14. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume2/Smet_1987.html
De Smet, K. and P. Lymberakis. (2003). Eurasian otters (Lutra lutra) in Crete?! IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, 20(2): 72. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume20/Smet_Lymberakis_2003.html
De Sousa, L. (2011). Draft regional variation of PNA [Plan National d‘Actions] otter in Languedoc-Roussillon. SFEPM [Société Française pour l’Etude et la Protection des Mammifères].
Defontaines, P. (1993). Otter in the Cevennes PN [Parc Naturel]: assessment of the years 1991 to 1992. Rapp. PNC [Parc Naturel Cevennes], 20 pp.
Defontaines, P. (1999) Distribution of the otter in the southeast of the Massif Central. Bièvre, 16: 13-26.
Defos Du Rau, P., S. Cano, G. Doukhan, R. Gomes, E. Gonzales, and P. Lacout. (2005). Contribution à l'actualisation des connaissances sur la répartition de la Loutre d'Europe en région Midi-Pyrénées [Contribution to updating knowledge on the distribution of the European Otter in the Midi-Pyrénées region]. Actes du 27è colloque francophone de mammalogie de la SFEPM .[Société Française pour l’Etude et la Protection des Mammifères] [Proceedings of the 27th Francophone Mammalogy symposium of the SFEPM]. pp. 63-70.
Del la Gorce, F. (1993c). Feasability of reintroduction of the otter in the geographical area of the water agency Rhine-Meuse.
Delaigue, J. (1992). Otter to Platière [Otter to platter]. Bull. mens. Soc. Linn. Lyon [Bulletin Mensuel de la Société Linnéenne de Lyon], 61 (5): 119-120.
Delaki E.E., G. Kotzageorgis, V. Ioannidou, and A. Stamopoulos. (1988). A study of otters in lake Mikri Prespa, Greece. IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, 3: 12-16 https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume3/Delaki_et_al_1988.html
Delaloye, G. (2012). Implementation in Languedoc-Roussillon NAP European Otter (Lutra lutra) (unable to confirm acronym definition and publisher)
Delaporte, A. (1779). Fishing otters. In: François Le Voyageur or the knowledge of the Old and New World, Ed Cellot, Paris, Volume XXI: 271-273. (unable to confirm publisher)
Delibes, M. and I. Adrian. (1987). Effects of crayfish introduction on otter(Lutra lutra)food in the Donana National Park, SW Spain. Biological Conservation, 42. 153-159.
Delibes, M., (1990). La Nutria (Lutra lutra )en Espan ~a [The Otter (Lutra lutra) in Spain.]. ICONA, SerieTécnica,Madrid [ICONA, Technical Series, Madrid]. (unable to confirm acronym definition)
Delibes, M., J. Calzada, M. Clavero , and N.F.C. Gutiérrez-Expósito , E. Revilla and J. Román. (2012). The Near Threatened Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra) in Morocco: No sign of recovery. Oryx, 46(2): 249-252.
Delibes, M., P. Ferreras, and M.C. Blazquez. (2000). Why the Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra) leaves a pond? An observational test of some predictions on prey depletion. Rev. Ecol. Terre Vie [Review of Ecology-Earth and Life], 55: 57-65.
Delibes, M., S. Cabezas, B. Jiménez, and M.J. Gonzalez. (2009). My Animal decisions and conservation: the recolonization of a severely polluted river by the Eurasian otter. Animal Conservation, 12(5): 400-407.
Delibes, M., S.M. Macdonald, and C.F. Mason. (1991). Seasonal marking, habitat and organochlorine contamination in otters: A comparison between catchments in Andalucia and Wales. Mammalia, 55(4): 567-578.
Delmoitiez, L., L. Grandpierre, and E. and F. Grimbert Guillaud. (2009). Creating a program for the reintroduction of the European otter (Lutra lutra) in the PACA [Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur] region. Step 1: Feasibility study for the reintroduction of the European otter in the PACA region. EEGB Master Report 2 PRO, Paul Cézanne University, Faculty of Science and Technology of St. Jerome, Marseille, 50 pp. (unable to confirm last acronym definition)
Delooz, E. (1989). Study of the diet of the otter. Mem. License, School of Zoology.
Denker, E., T. Lucker, and A. Büthe. (1999). Untersuchungen zur Schadstoffbelastung von Rotaugen (Rutilus rutilus) in der Ise als mögliche Nahrungsgrundlage des Fischottters (Lutra lutra), Ost-Niedersachsen. [Investigations into the pollution of roach (Rutilus rutilus) in the Ise as a possible food source of the otter (Lutra lutra), East Lower Saxony]. Braunschw. Naturkdl. Schr, 5: 935-946. (unable to translate name of publication)
Departmental Federation of Hunters of the Channel. (2001). Prospecting and reflections on the ecological interest of the Vire (Bridge Saint-Lô in Farcy bridge) as potential habitat for otters. Syndicat Mixte du Val de Vire, 13 pp. + Annexes.
Deprost, M. (2008). Otter is installed on the Baume and Drobie in Ardèche. Enviscope Rhône-Alpes, April 23, 2008.
Deruy, N. 1995. Aveyronsalis Lutra lutra , otter in Aveyron. Mem. training, agricultural college Mirande, 33 pp. (unable to interpret title)
Desmet, J.F. (2004). Données récentes de Loutre (Lutra lutra) en Haute-Savoie[Recent data from otter Lutra lutra in Haute-Savoie]. Arvicola, 16(2): 40-41.
Desmet, J.F. (2004). Recent data otters in Haute-Savoie. Arvicola , XVI (2): 40-41
Desrues, L. (2002). European otter northeast of briérons marshes: Surveys and proposed arrangements to reduce the risk of road deaths. Memory BTA AE / GFS, 28 pp. + Annexes. (unable to confirm acronym definitions)
Desvaux, I. and C. Hervé. (1998). Role of wetlands in maintaining the European otter (Lutra lutra) in Loire-Atlantique and Vendée. MBPE report. (unable to confirm acronym definition)
Dettori, E.E., A. Balestrieri, and V.M. Zapata-Perez, D. Bruno, N. Rubio-Saura, and F. Robledano-Aymerich.(2021). Distribution and diet of recovering Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra) along the natural-to-urban habitat gradient (river Segura, SE Spain).Urban Ecosystems, (2021). DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11252-021-01109-3
Dettori, E.E., I.C Soto-Otón, V.M Zapata-Perez, D. Bruno, N.R. Saura, A. Balestrieri, and F. Robedano-Aymerich. (2018). Diet of the Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra) on the River Segura (SE Spain) and its comparison with data from the whole Iberian Peninsula. III Congreso de Biodiversidad y Conservacion de la Naturaleza [III Congress of Biodiversity and Nature Conservation], Murcia. Espana.
Dettori, E.E., V. M. Zapata-Perez, D. Bruno, I. C. Soto-Otón, N. Rubio-Saura, A. Millán, J. Velasco, A. Balestrieri, and F. Robledano-Aymerich. (2019). Improving knowledge of Eurasian otter ecology in the basin of the river Segura (SE Iberian Peninsula). 1st Iberian Ecology Society & XIV AEET Asociación Española de Ecología Terrestre Meeting (III Congress of Biodiversity and Nature Conservation). 4-7 February, 2019, Barcelona, Spain.
Dibbern, M., M. Elmeros, R. Dietz, J. Søndergaarda, A. Michelsen, and C. Sonne. (2021). Mercury exposure and risk assessment for Eurasian otters (Lutra lutra) in Denmark. Chemosphere, Vol. 272. Article 129608. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.129608
Dimitrova, Z.M., Y. Tzvetkov, and I. Todev. (2008). Occurrence of acanthocephalans in the Eurasian otter(Lutra lutraL.) (Carnivora, Mustelidae) in Bulgaria: With a survey of acanthocephalans recorded from this host species. Helminthologia, 45(1): 41-47.
Diputaci|ón Foral de Álava, (2004). Orden Foral 880/2004, de 27 de octubre por la que se aprueba el Plan de Gestión de la Nutria, Lutra lutra (Linnaeus, 1758) en el Territorio Histórico de álava. [Provincial Council of Álava (2004). Provincial Order 880/2004, of October 27, approving the Nutria Management Plan, Lutra lutra (Linnaeus, 1758) in the Historical Territory of Álava]. BOTHA n 136. (unable to confirm acronym definition)
Dobrolyubov, A.N. (1992). The otter in mountains of the north-western Caucasus. Conservation and study of rare and endangered animal species in Nature reserves. Moscow. (unable to confirm publication information)
Dohogne, R. (2011). Evaluation of dangerous bridges to the European otter on the Natura 2000 sites of the Indre. Rapp. Indre Nature, 73 pp.
Dohogne, R. and F. Leblanc. (2005). Updating the distribution of the otter in Limousin. Rapp. GMHL [Groupe Mammalogique et Herpétologique du Limousin], DIRENs Limousin / Regional Council /AEAG/AELB. 85 pp. + Annexes. (unable to confirm remaining acronym definitions)
Dohogne, R. and R. Rosoux. (2006). Otter (Lutra lutra) in the department of Indre. Evolution of the current status and distribution. Symbiosis, 16.
Dolev A., A. Guter, D. Saltz, and N. Krondfeld-Schor. (2007). Israel's otter (Lutra lutra) population: Status and future conservation. Proceedings of the European Otter Conference "Return of the Otter in Europe-Where and How?" 7pp.
Dötterer, M., P. Wabakken, B. Zimmermann, H. Christensen, E. Maartmann, M. Omland, T. Johansen, and J. Arnemo. (2004). Prosjekt innlandsoter. Utbredelse og bestandsutvikling av oter i Hedmark fylke 1901-2002 [Project inland soot. Distribution and population development of otters in Hedmark county 1901-2002]. Høgskolen I Hedmark Opdragsrapport nr. 1-2004. [Hedmark University. College Assignment report no.1-2004.] 42 pp. (in Norwegian with English abstract).
Dovile, N., P. Algimantas, and M. Vytautus. (2017). First data on the helminth fauna of the European otter (Lutra lutra) (Linnaeus, 1758) in Lithuania. Konferenciju tezes nerecenzuojamuose leidiniuose [Conference abstracts in unreviewed publications].
Dovile, N., V. Mazeika, P. Algimantas, R. Irma, and S. Laura. (2018). First data on the parasite fauna of the Eurasian otter Lutra lutra (Linnaeus, 1758) in Lithuania. p.7. In: Parasites in the Heart of Europe: 13th Slovak and Czech parasitological days, May 21-25, 2018, Košice, Slovakia: Book of Abstracts.
Duarte, J., M.A. Farfán, and J.M. Vargas. (2011). The Use of artificial lakes on golf courses as feeding areas by the otter (Lutra lutra) in Southern Spain. IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, 28(1): 17-22. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume28/Duarte_et_al_2011.html
Dubinin, E.A. (1999). Feeding of otter (Lutra lutraL.) in summer and autumn in the nortwestern Okhotsk region. Russ. J. Ecol.[Russian Journal of Ecology], 30: 130-132.
Dubois, M. and X. Baron. (2012). Assessment of the functionality of otters crossing the Marais Poitevin: Report. PIMP. 41 pp. (unable to confirm acronym definition)
Duchenne, B. (2002). Otter data: Lutra lutra. Mayenne Biotopes Mayenne 53 and Sciences Bulletin, 20 (2002), Mayenne Nature Environment, 78-81.
Duckworth, W. (2013a). Otter fur trade in Asia. Asian Otter Conservation Workshop. 25th- 30th November 2013, Bengaldura, India.
Duckworth, W. (2013b). Reflections on surveys otters where they are now very rare. Asian Otter Conservation Workshop. 25th- 30th November 2013, Bengaldura, India.
Dugomo, ?. (2012). I would be reincarnated into an otter. I say good!, (unable to confirm missing publication information)
Dulfer R., K. Foerster, and K. Roche. (1994). The Trebon Otter Foundation: A first report. Conseil de l'Europe, Rencontres environnement. [Council of Europe, Environment Meetings], 24: 125-127.
Dulfer, R. (1993). Trebon Biosphere Reserve Otter Project. IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, 8: 10-12. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume8/Dulfer_1993.html
Dulfer, R. and K. Roche. (1996). First phase report of the Trebon Otter Project. Scientific background and recommendations for conservation and managment planning. 91 pp. (unable to confirm publisher information)
Dulfer R, Plesnik J, Kucerova M, Toman A. (1996). Fish farming regions as key elements for natural recolonisation along an otter EECONET. IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, 13(2), 84–91. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume13/Dulfer_et_al_1996.html
Dupieux, N. (2005). La Loutre d'Europe dans le parc régional des Monts d'Ardèche (07): le etour d'un témoin des rivières vivantes [European otter in the Monts d'Ardèche regional park: Return of a witness from living rivers]. 3è rencontre naturaliste de Rhône Alpes [3rd naturalist meeting of Rhône Alpes]. 6 pp.
Dupieux, N. 2006. The European otter in the Parc Naturel Régional des Monts d'Ardèche (07). Return a witness living rivers. Thorns Drômoises Letters, Special Issue: otter.
Duplaix, N. (1969). The comparative vocalizations of otters. Paper presented at the XI Ethological Congress
Duplaix, N. (2013). Otters of the World. Asian Otter Conservation Workshop. 25th- 30th November 2013, Bengaldura, India.
Duplaix, N. and M. Savage (2018). The Global Otter Conservation Strategy. IUCN/SSC Otter Specialist Group, Salem, Oregon, USA. 166 pp.
Duplaix-Hall N. (1971). La Bretagne: un des derniers refuges de la Loutre en France [Brittany: one of the last otter huts in France]. Penn ar Bed, 64: 8-16
Duplaix-Hall, N. (1971). Brittany, one of the last refuges of the otter in France. Penn ar Bed, 64: 8-16.
Duplaix-Hall, N. (1971). La Bretagne: un des derniers refuges de la Loutre en France. Penn ar Bed, 64: 8-16.
Duplaix-Hall, N. (1972). Notes on maintaining river otters in captivity. In: Husbandry and Research. InternationaI Zoo Yearbook, 12: 178-181.
Duplaix-Hall, N. (1975). River otters in captivity: A review, In: Martin, E.D. (ed.). Breeding Endangered Species in Captivity, pp. 315-327. London: Academic Press.
Dupuy, G., J. and A. Ratherius Siblot. (1997). Status Otter (Lutra lutra) in the department of Allier. Cons. Allier Sites-Gr E. mammals. forest. Allier Yzeure-Meiller
Duque, S.L.A., L.Y. Orozco-Jiménez, C. Zapata-Escobar,and J.A. Palacio-Baena. 2018). Conservation genetics of otters: Review about the use of non-invasive samples. Therya, 9(1): 85-93.
Durbin, L. (1993). Food and habitat utilization of otters (Lutra lutra, L.) in a riparian habitat in the River Don in north-east Scotland. PhD Thesis, University of Aberdeen. Scotland.
Durbin, L.S. (1989). Some responses of otters to strange and familiar spraints. Lutra, 32: 132-137.
Durbin, L.S. (1996a). Individual differences in spatial utilization of a river system by otters. Acta Theriologica, 41(2): 137-147.
Durbin, L.S. (1996b). Some changes in the habitat use of a free-ranging female otter (Luta lutra) during breeding. Journal of Zoology, 240: 761-764.
Durbin, L.S. (1998). Habitat selection by five ottersLutra lutrain rivers of northern Scotland. Journal of Zoology (London), 245: 85-92.
Top
Eberhard, T. (2000). Population analyses in endangered species management: The wolf, otter, and peregrine falcon in Sweden. Ecological Bulletin, 48: 143-163.
Eekelen, R. van and L. Winter. (1999). Keert de otter terug? [Will the otter return?] Natura, 5/99: 131-136. (in Dutch).
Effenberger, S. and F. Suchentrunk. (1999). RFLP analysis of the mitochondrial DNA of otters (Lutra lutra) from Europe: Implications for conservation of a flagship species. Biological Conservation, 90: 229-234.
Egerbacher M., A.C. Gutleb, and A.B. Madsen. (1998). Peculiar anatomical features in the heart and liver of the Eurasian Otter (Lutra lutra). Proceedings VII th International Otter Colloquium. March 14-19, 1998, Trebon, Czech Republic. pp. 55-58. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume19A/Trebon-I.pdf
Egerbacher M., H. Weber, and S. Hauer. (2000). Bones in the heart skeleton of the otter (Lutra lutra). Journal of Anatomy, 485-491.
El Alami, A., A. Fattah, and, A. Chait. (2020).A Survey of the Eurasian OtterLutra lutraand Human-Otter Interaction in the Middle Oum Er Rbia River, Morocco.IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin,37(4): 219 -231. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume37/El_Alami_et_al_2020.html
Elder, J.F. (1987). A certain presence, and recently, the European otter (Lutra lutra) in the Department of Manche. Petit Dormouse, 19: 16-17.
Elder, J.F. (1988). Confirmation of the presence of the European otter in the Department of Manche. Petit Dormouse, 26: 7.
Elmeros, M. (1996). Occurence of polychorinated biphenyl congeners in otters (Lutra lutra). M.S thesis, Odense University. Odense, Denmark.
Elmeros, M. and A. Madsen. (1999).On the reproduction biology of otters (Lutra lutra) from Denmark.Zeitschrift für Säugetierkunde, 64:193–200.
Elmeros, M. and Madsen, A.B. (1999). On the reproduction biology of otters (Lutra lutra) from Denmark. Zeischrift fur Säugetierkunde [Journal of Mammals], 64: 193-200.
Elmeros, M. and N. Bussenius. (2002). Influence of selection of bank side on the standard method for otter surveys. IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, 19: 67-74. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume19/Elmerson_Bussenius_2002.html
Elmeros, M. and P. Leonards. (1994). Aspects of PCB levels in Danish otters (Lutra lutra) and notes on the levels in stone martens (Martes foina). IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, 10: 34-40. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume10/Elmeros_Leonards_1994.html
Elmeros, M., M. Hammershoj, A.B. Madsen, and B. Sogaard. (2006). Recovery of the otter (Lutra lutra) in Denmark monitored by field surveys and collection of carcasses. Hystrix, 17(1): 17-28.
Embassy of France in Germany/ADIT. (2008). Cooperation on German and Czech rivers. Borders disappear for otters. (Project "Upper Franconia Otterbahnen nach" (otters way) to Upper Franconia) carried by the Office for Environmental Education of Upper Franconia (OBO). (unable to confirm acronym definition)
Embassy of France in Slovenia. (2006). Preservation of the population of otters in the Slovenian region Goricko. BE Slovenia No. 45 of 19/09/2006.
Embassy of France in Slovenia. (2007). Slovenian Institute Lutra fights for the preservation of the otter population. BE Slovenia No. 52 of 09/05/2007. (unable to confirm acronym definition)
Erlinge, S. (1967a). Food habits of the fish-otter Lutra lutra L. in South Swedish habitats. Viltrevy, 4: 371-443.
Erlinge, S. (1967b). Home range of the otter in southern Sweden. Oikos, 18: 186-209.
Erlinge, S. (1968a). Territoriality of the otter. Oikos, 19: 81-98.
Erlinge, S. (1968b). Foods studies on captive otters Lutra lutra L. Oikos, 19: 259-27.
Erlinge, S. (1972). Interspecific relations between otter and mink relations. Oikos, 23: 327-335.
Erlinge, S. (1984). Spacing-out systems and territorial behaviour in European otters. Journal of the Otter Trust, 1(8): 27-29.
Erlinge, S. (1995). The otter population in Sweden: Decline and possible recovery. Cahiers d'Ethologie [Notebooks of Ethology]. Liège, 15(2-3-4): 149-156.
Erlinge, S. and B. Jensen. (1981). The diet of otters in Denmark. Natura Jutlandica, 19: 161-165.
Erlinger, S. (1969). Food Habits of the Otter Lutra lutra L. and the Mink Mustela vison Schreber in a Trout Water in Southern Sweden Oikos, 20: 1-7. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/3543739
Eroglu, M. (1994). The status and habitat destruction of the otter in the eastern Black Sea region of Turkey. Conseil de l'Europe, Rencontres Environnement [Council of Europe, Environment Meetings], 24: 81-83.
Erome G. and J. Broyer. (1986). La loutre sur la Drome: Analyse des facteurs limitants [The otter on the Drome: Analysis of limiting factors]. Centre Ornithologique RhôneAlpes [Rhône-Alpes Ornithological Center]. 37 pp.
Erome G. and J. Broyer. (1986a). La loutre sur la Drome: Analyse des facteurs limitants [The otter on the Drome: Analysis of limiting factors]. Centre Ornithologique RhôneAlpes [Rhône-Alpes Ornithological Center]. 37 pp.
Erôme, G. and J. Crush. (1984). Otters on the Drôme. CORA, CNR [Campagnie National Rhone], Otter Group SFEPM [Société Française pour l’Etude et la Protection des Mammifères]. 41 pp. (unable to confirm first acronym definition)
Erôme, G. and J. Crush. (1986b) Otter on the Drôme: Analysis of limiting factors. Earth and Life, 41: 15-37.
Esposito M, A. De Roma, N. D'Alessio, A. Danese , P. Gallo, G. Galiero, and M. Santoro. (2020). First study on PCBs, organochlorine pesticides, and trace elements in the Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra) from southern Italy. Science of the Total Environment, 749: 141-52.
Esposito, M., M.A. De Roma, M. Santoro, and N. D'Alessio. (2019). Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra) from Southern Italy. 11th International Symposium on Wild Fauna. Tuscia University, Viterbo (Italy).
Estanove, J. (1952). La loutre et sa disparition [The otter and its disappearance]. Mammalia, 16: 256-257.
European Environment Agency (EEA). (2010). Sites of Community Importance (SCI) designated for the Eurasian Otter (Lutra lutra) in the EU-27 and its current distribution in EU-25 Member States according to the Article 17 EU Habitats Directive Reporting in 2008.
Ewijk, K.J., A.P. Van, Knol, and R.C.C.M. De Jong. (1997). An otter PVA [polyvinyl alcohol] as a preparation of a reintroduction experiment in the Netherlands. International Journalof Mammal Biology, 62: Suppl. 2: 238-242.
Ewins, P. J. (1985). Otter predation on Black Guillemots. British Birds, 78(12): 663-664.
van Eekelen, R. and J. Reinhold. (1998). Zijn Biesbosch, Haringvliet, Hollandsch Diep en Volkerakmeer geschikt voor de otter? [Are Biesbosch, Haringvliet, Hollandsch Diep and Volkerakmeer suitable for the otter?] Zoogdier [Mammal], 9(3-4): 11-14.
Top
Fabrizio, M., M. Di Febarro, and A. Loy. (2019). Where will it cross next? Optimal management of road collision risk for otters in Italy. Journal of Environmental Management, 251, Article 109609.
Fairley, J.S. (1972). Food of otters (Lutra lutra ) from County Galway, Ireland, and notes on other aspects of their biology. The Journal of Zoology, 24: 469-474.
Fairley, J.S. (1984). Otters feeding on breeding frogs. Irish Naturalist’ Journal, 21: 372.
Fairley, J.S. and B. Murdoch. (1989). Summer food of otters in the lakes of Killarney. Irish Naturalist’ Journal, 23: 38- 41.
Fairley, J.S. and S.C. Wilson. (1972). Autumn food of otters on the Agivey River, Londonderry, Northern Ireland. Journal of Zoology, 166: 468-469.
Fairley, J.S. and T.K. McCarthy. (1985). Do otters prey on breeding natterjack toads? Irish Naturalists’ Journal, 21: 544- 545.
Falcon-Mouton, P. and M. Baldeck. (2006). Observation Report of otter tracks on March 21 and April 6, 2006 at Marsh Praubert, St-Paul-en-Chablais, Haute- Savoie. Rapp. CSP. 8 pp. (unable to confirm acronym definition)
Fanel, M. (2002). Study of the diet of the European otter in Alsace. Rapp. Master BPE, 22 pp. (unable to confirm acronym definition)
Fanel, M. and N. and D. Varanguin Sirugue. (2004). Feasibility of reintroduction of the otter Morvan. SNH Autun, PNR [Parc Naturel Régional] Morvan. 53 pp. + Annexes. (uable to confirm first acronym definition)
Farinha, N. (1996). Distribuição e ecologia da Lontra (Lutra lutra Linnaeus, 1758) na Reserva Natural do Estuário do Tejo. Portugal [Distribution and ecology of the otter (Lutra lutra Linnaeus, 1758) in the Nature Reserve of the Tagus Estuary. Portugal]. ICN/LIFE.(wild)
Farnell, D.J.J., C. Khor, Z. Doyle, W.N. Doyle, W.N. Ayre and E Chadwick (2020). Initial investigations of the cranial size and shape of adult Eurasian otters (Lutra lutra) in Great Britain. Journal of Imaging, 6(10): 106. https://doi.org/10.3390/jimaging6100106
Farrachi, A. (2001). Draft reintroduction of otters in Haute-Normandie. Rapp. ASPAS. 22 pp. (unable to confirm acronym definition)
Fasano, R. (1993). L'alimentazione della lontra europea (Lutra lutra) sul fiume sele(Campania) [Feeding the European otter (Lutra lutra) on the Sele river (Campania)]. (unable to confirm publication information)
Fasano, R. and G. Maglio. (1995). Otter presence in Lattari mountains (Campania region), Southern Italy. Hystrix, 7(1-2): 243-245.
Fautsch, M. (2003). Between the borders Belgium, Germany and Luxembourg: A chance for future recolonization of the otter in Europe. Proceedings of the European Otter Conference " Return of the Otter in Europe, Where and how? "Isle of Skye (Scotland), July 2003 Ed Conroy.
Fehlberg, U. and S. Behl. (2001). Methoden Und Ergebnisse Der Untersuchungen Zum Fischotter In Schleswig-Holstein (Brd) Im Jahr 2000 [Methods and results of the studies on the otter in Schleswig-Holstein (Brd) in 2000]. Beitr. Jagd. Wildforsch [Contribution to hunting. Wild research], 26: 267-279. (in German with English abstract)
Fei, L. and B.P.L. Chan. (2018). Past and present: The status and distribution of otters (Carnivora: Lutrinae) in China. Oryx, 52(4): 619-626.
Fei, L., X. Zheng Xi , H. Zhang, J. Yang, B. Chan, and L. Pui. (2017). The current status and conservation of otters on the coastal islands of Zhuhai, Guangdong Province, China. Biodiversity Science, 8: 840-846.
Fellous, A. (1997). Comparative study of the diet of three mustelids. Mink, polecat and otter in a sympatric area of south-western France. Mem. ULG, Institute of Zoology, Liège, Belgium, 43 pp.
Fent, K. (1997). Pollutants are a critical factor for the reintroduction of otters in Switzerland? International Workshop: The Otter, back again in Switzerland. 18-19 June1997, Möschberg, FOEFL [Federal Office of Environment, Forests and Landscape] WWF Switzerland.
Fernández-Morán, J., D. Saavedra,and X. Manteca-Vilanova. (2002). Reintroduction of the Eurasian otter (lutra lutra) in northeastern Spain: Trapping, handling, and medical management. Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine, 33(3): 222-227.
Fernandez-Moran, J., E. Perez, M. Sanmartin, D. Saavedra, and X. Manteca-Vilanova. (2001). Reversible immobilization of Eurasian otters with a combination of Ketamine and Metedomidine. Journal of Wildlife Diseases, 37(3) 561-565.
Fernandez-Moran, J., L. Molina, G. Flamme, D. Saavedra, and X. Manteca-Vilanova. (2001). Hematological and biochemical reference intervals for wild caught Eurasian otter from Spain. Journal of Wildlife Diseases, 37(1): 159-163.
Ferrand de Almeida, F. (1987). A propos de la distribution de la loutre an Portugal [The proposal of the distribution of the otter in Portugal]. Ciênc. Biol. Ecol. Syst. [Biological Science Ecology System]. (Portugal) 7(1/2): 11-15.
Ferrando, A. et al. (2007). Monitoring re-introduced otters (Lutra lutra) in Catalonia (northeastern Spain) using cytogenetic and molecular techniques. Proceedings of the European Otter Conference “Return of the Otter in Europe-Where and How?" 3 pp.
Ferrando, A., M. Ponsa, J. Marmi, and X. Domingo-Rourax. (2004). Eurasian otters (Lutra lutra) have a dominant mtDNA haplotype from the Iberian Peninsula to Scandinavia. Journal of Heredity, 95: 430-435.
Ferrando, A., R. Lecis, X. Domingo-Roura and M. Ponsà. (2008). Genetic diversity and individual identification of reintroduced otters in north-eastern Spain by DNA genotyping of spraints. Conservation Genetics, 9: 129-139.
Ferrari, C., M. D'Alfonso, V. Moris, A. Battisti, and D.Giuliano. (2017). Diet in a free ranging individual of Lutra lutra in Valsavarenche. Journal of Mountain Ecology.10: 7-12.
Ferrario, E., C. Prigioni, and R. Fumagalli. (1995). Feeding tests on captive otters. Hystrix, 7(1-2): 285-288.
Ferreira, D, C. Fonseca, E. Ferreira, and R. Rocha. (year unknown). Genetic Profile of the BVL Lutra Lutra Population Study https://www.ukessays.com/essays/biology/genetic-profile-bvl-lutra-lutra-population-5289.php?vref=1
Ferrous, M.P. (2000). Comparative study of the fate of two pairs of otters released as part of the reintroduction program in Alsace. Rapp. Rapp. Faculty Science and Technology. 18 pp.
Fetter, S. and C. Fetter-Keulen. (1990). Otters. Education Environment and SFEPM [Société Française pour l’Etude et la Protection des Mammifères], 32 pp.
Findlay, M.A., R.A. Briers, and N. Diamond, et al.(2017). Developing an empirical approach to optimal camera-trap deployment at mammal resting sites: Evidence from a longitudinal study of an otter Lutra lutra holt. European Journal of Wildlife Research, 63(6).
Finnegan, L. A., and L.O. Néill. (2010). Mitochondrial diversity of the Irish otter, Lutra lutra, population. Conservation Genetics, 11: 1573-1577.
Finnegan, L.A. and L. O’Neill, L. (2010). Mitochondrial DNA diversity of the Irish otter Lutra lutra population. Conservation Genetics ,11: 1573-1577.
Fonderflick J. (1992). Otter in the Cevennes National Park. PNC [Parc Naturel Cevennes] Report, 20 pp.
Fonderflick J., J. de Kermabon, R.M Libois, P. Baffie, and R. and T. Rosoux Tournebize. (1995). Evolution of the recent status of the otter in the Cevennes National Park. books Ethology, 15: (2-3-4): 223-232.
Fonderflick, J. and P. Delaporte. (1990). Search indexes presence of otters on the Marshes Nature Reserve Moëze. Rapp. LPO. (unable to confirm acronym definition)
Fons, R. and C. Feliu. (1996). Programme d'étude parasitologique sur la loutre d'Europe (Lutra lutra) Helminthes parasites [Parasitological study program on the European otter (Lutra lutra): Parasitic helminths]. Banyuls sur mer/Rapport. 7 pp. (unable to confirm name of publisher)
Forest & Nature Agency 1996: Management plan for otter Lutra lutra in Denmark. Ministry of the Environment and Energy, Copenhagen. 48 pp.
Forman, D., C. Gleed-Owen, and J. Baker. (2012): Pelophylax lessonae (pool frog): Predation by Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra). Herpetological Bulletin, 119: 36-37.
Forschungshericht Fischotter i. (1990). 24pp. (A collection of articles on the otter in Austria.) WWF Austria, Ottakringerstr. 114-116, 1160 Wien, Austria.
Foster G., H.M. Ross, R.A. Hutson, and M.D. Collins. (1997). Staphylococcus lutrae sp. nov.: A new-coagulase positive species isolated from otters. International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology, 47: 724-726.
Foster, J. and C. Turner. (1991). Insects and otter diet. Entomologist, 110: 166-169.
Foster-Turley, P. (1991). The status of otters in Asia. In: Reuther, C. and R. Rochert, eds. Proceedings of the V International Otter Colloquium. Habitat, 6: 21-25.
Foster-Turley, P. and C. Santiapillai. (1990). Action plan for Asian otters. Pp. 52-63 In Otters, An Action Plan for Their Conservation. P. Foster-Turley, S.M. Macdonald, and C.F. Mason, eds. IUCN/SSC, Otter Specialist Group. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland. pp. 126.
Foster-Turley, P., S. Macdonald and C. Mason. (1990). Otters: An action plan for their conservation. IUCN pp. 20-21.
Fouchardière, G. (1960). Plea for the otter. Penn ar Bed, 22: 214-216.
Fouilloux, J. (1844). From otter and its nature: How we must hunt and take the otter. In: Venery /Hunting King Phoebus. Ed Lebossé Angers, 1844. Reed. Emile Noury, Paris, 1928. 266 pp.
Fox, A. (1996). Study potential otter habitats along tributaries of the Safe in the Belgian part. Master SNAE report, Univ. Cork, IZ-URZ, 46 pp. + Annexes.(unable to confirm acronym definitions)
Fox, A. (1999). The role of habitat enhancement in the return of the European otter (Lutra lutra) to Northumberland. J. Chart. Inst. Water Environ. Management [Journal of Environmental Management] 13: 79-83.
Frank, K., P. Eulberg, K. Hertweck and K. Henle. (1998). A simulation model for assessing otter mortality due to traffic. Proceedings VII international Otter Colloquium. March 14-19, 1998. Trebon, Czech Republic. pp. 64-68. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume19A/Trebon-I.pdf
Frede, P. (1885) Hunt otters. In: Hunting beaver in Russian America. Ed Delagrave, Paris. pp. 93-122.
Freitas, D., J. Gomes, and T. Sales Luis. (2007). Otters and ?sh farms in the Sado Estuary: Ecological and socio-economic basis of a con?ict. Hyrobiologia, 587: 51-62.
Frey, A.L (1997). Return of the otter in Alsace: Reintroduction project. Rapp. BTSA/GPN. 37 pp. (unable to confirm acronym definiti)
Fulgione, D. et al. (2007). Southern Italian population of otters (Lutra lutra ): Spatial requirements and habitat profitability in Cilento and Vallo Di Diano National Park. Proceedings of the European Otter Conference "Return of the Otter in Europe-Where and How?" 6 pp.
Fuller, S. (2001). European otter on the Creuse River between Eguzon and Argenton. Rapp. Multidisciplinary Team Plan Loire Grandeur. Nature, 45 p. + Annexes.
Fumagalli R., C. Prigioni, and C. Carugati. (1995). Behavioural ecology of captive otters in the breeding centre of the natural park of Ticino valley (Piemonte region, northern Italy). Hystrix, 7(1-2): 269-278.
Fusillo R, M. Marcelli, and L. Boitani. (2003). Progetto di ricerca sulla lontra nel Parco Nazionale delCilento e Vallo di Diano. Relazione conclusiva. Parco Nazionale del Cilento e Vallo di Diano. Università di Roma; La Sapienza [Otter research project in the Cilento and Vallo di Diano National Park. Concluding report. Cilento and Vallo di Diano National Park. University of Rome; Wisdom].
Fusillo, R., M. Marcelli, and L. Boitani. (2007). Survey of an otter (Lutra lutra) population in Southern Italy: Site occupancy and influence of sampling season on species detection. Acta Theriologica, 52: 251-260. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03194221
Fusilo, R., M. Marcella, D. Malatesta, M.R. Romanucci, C. Palmieri, L. Bongiovanni, R. Zuccarini, L. DeRisa, M. Viseglia, E. Mallia, F. Romano, R. Bartolomei, and L. Della Salda. (2014). Post-mortem examination of Eurasian otters (Lutra lutra) in Southern Italy: Obtaining relevant data to inform conservation. IX Congresso Italiano di Teriologia. Civitella Alfedena (AQ), 7-10 Maggio, 2014. Hystrix [IX Italian Congress of Theriology. Civitella Alfedena (AQ), May 7-10, 2014]. Hystria, Volume 25. (Supplement). p. 30.
Top
Gabbert, A. (1999). An “otterly” enriching environment. Shape of Enrichment, Vol 8, No. 2, May 1999
Gabrielli, C. (2000). Return of the otter in Alsace. Rapp. BTS GPN, 44 pp. (unable to confirm publication and acronym definitions)
Gaethlich, M. (1988). Otters in western Greece and Corfu. IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, 3: 14-18. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume3/Gaethlich_1988.html
Gaethlich, M. and C.F. Mason. (1986). The pollutant burden of a Greek otter. Nature: Bulletin of the Hellenic Society for the Protection of Nature, 33: 50-52
Galanaki, A., T. Kiminos, S. Zogaris, G. Gasteratos, and P. Limberakis. (2019). Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra) in the islands of Greece: A review. Folia Zoologica-Praha, 68(4): p. 9.
Galanaki, A., T. Kominos, S. Zogaris, I. Gasteratos, and P. Lymberakis. (2019). Presence of the Eurasian otter Lutra lutra on the islands of Greece: A review. Journal of Vertebrate Biology, 68(4): 246-252.
Gallant, D. (2007). Species-wise disparity in scientific knowledge about otters: An obstacle to optimal management and conservation actions? IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, 24(1): 5-13. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume24/Gallant_2007.html
Ganiayre, L. (1973). Lightning and otters. Paris, Editions du Seuil, 202 pp.
Garcia De Leaniz, C., D.W. Forman, S. Davies, and A. Thomson. (2006). Non-intrusive monitoring of otters (Lutra lutra) using infrared technology. Journal of Zoology, 270: 577-584.
García Díaz, P. (2008). Abundance of the Eurasian Otter Lutra Lutra (Linnaeus, 1758) in two areas from central Spain (Province of Salamanca, River Tormes). IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, 25(1): 32-37. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume25/Diaz_2008.html
García, P. and C. Ayres. (2007). Depredación masiva de la nutria (Lutra lutra) sobre el galápago leproso (Mauremys leprosa) [Massive predation of the otter on the striped-necked terrapin Munibe (Suplemento), 25: 44-49.
García, P., V. Arévalo, and I. Mateos. (2009). Using sightings for estimating population density of Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra): A preliminary approach with Rowcliffe et al's model. IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, 26(1): 50-59 https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume26/Garcia_et_al_2009.html
Gardier, S. (2012). Towards a return of the otter in Switzerland Website Time Science & Environment, 03.09.2012.
Gariano, P. and A. Balestrieri (2018). “Otter, come out!”: Taking away the stone on the southernmost Italian Lutra lutra population, Écoscience, 25(3): 287-294.
Garnier, A. (2003). Evaluation of the contamination of the European otter (Lutra lutra) by organochlorines:(PCBs and pesticides). EDEL DEA (Sustainable Exploitation of
Gautherin, H. (1986). Otter en Morvan. Bull. NHS Autun, 118: 19-26. (unable to interpret publisher abbreviations)
Gautier, J.Y. and R.M Libois Rosoux. (eds). (1995). Otter and the European mink. Proceedings of the XVII International Congress of Mammalogy. Niort. 23-25. October 1993 SFEPM [Société Française pour l’Etude et la Protection des Mammifères] books Ethology, 15. 434 pp.
Geboes, A. L., R. Rosoux, C. Lemarchand, E. Hansen, and R. Libois. (2016). Genetic diversity and population structure of the Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra) in France. Mammal Research, 61: 121-129.
Geidezis, L. (1996a). Food availability versus food utilization by otters (Lutra lutra L.) in the Oberlausitz Pondland in Saxony, Eastern Germany. IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, 13(2): 58-70.
Geidezis, L. (1996b). What do otters (Lutra lutra) feed on in a carp pond area in Saxony, Eastern Germany? Fish Farms: Proceedings of the International Workshop. Litschau, Austria. 8-9 February 1996. pp.65-72.
Geidezis, L.C. (1998). Diet of otters (Lutra lutra) in relation to prey availability in a fish pond area in Germany. Proceedings VII international Otter Colloquium. March 14-19, 1998, Trebon, Czech Republic. pp. 72-76. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume19A/Trebon-I.pdf
Geidezis, L.C. (1999). Food selection of Eurasian otters (Lutra lutra) in a fish pond area: Studies in the Oberlausitz [Upper Lusatia] pondland, Germany. Thesis, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg. Germany.
Georgescu, M. (1994). The situation and status of the otter in Rumania. Conseil de l'Europe, Rencontres environnement [Council of Europe, Environment Meetings], 24: 71-73.
Georgiev, D. (2007a). Otter (Lutra LutraL.) mortalities in southern Bulgaria: A Case Study. IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, 24(1): 36-40. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume24/Georgiev_2007.html
Georgiev, D. (2007b). Study of the home range of the resident female otter (Lutra lutra) (Carnovora, Mustelidae) in south-east Bulgaria. Acta Zoologica Bulgaria, 59(2): 165-172.
Georgiev, D. (2008b). Size of marsh frogs in the Eurasian Otter's diet in Southern Bulgaria. Hystrix, 19(1): 55-59.
Georgiev, D.G. (2005). Habitats of the otter (Lutra lutra L.) in some regions of southern Bulgaria. IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin,18(1): 6-13 https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume22/Georgiev_2005.html
Georgiev, D.G. (2006). Diet of the otter Lutra lutra in different habitats of south-eastern Bulgaria. IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, 23(1): 5-11. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume23/Georgiev_2006.html
Georgiev, D.G. and S. Stoycheva. (2006). Freshwater crabs preyed on by the Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra) in a river habitat of southern Bulgaria. Hystrix, 17(2): 129-135.
Georgiev.D. (2008a). Ecological monitoring study of the otter (Lutra lutra L.) in the catchments of Tundzha and Maritsa Rivers. PhD Thesis. Paisii Hilendarski [Plovdiv University Plovdiv]. Plovdiv, Bulgaria.
Gera, P. (2001). Summary of Hungarian otter surveys (Lutra lutra) 1995-2001. Foundation for Otters. 25pp.
Gera, P. (2004). Otterbook. Summary report on finished otter protection programmes of the organisation of the Foundation for Otters between 1995-2004. 35 pp. (unable to confirm publication)
Gerard, C. (1989). Otters. Survey Results 1989. Department of Eure, Risle Valley, Valley (unable to confirm publisher information)
Ghalmi, R. (1997). Preliminary study of the diet of the otter (Lutra lutra) in north-eastern Algeria (El Kala National Park). Master in Natural Sciences & Ecodevelopment. Universitat. Liège, Belgium.
Gil-Sanchez, J.M. and E. Antoran-Pilar. (2020). Camera-trapping for abundance estimation of otters in seasonal rivers: A field evaluation. European Journal of Wildlife Research, 66. Article number 72.
Gimranov, D.O., and P.A. Kosintsev. (2012). Geographic distribution of the tooth morphotypes of the river otter (Carnivora, Mustelidae, Lutra lutra L., 1758) in Northern Eurasia. ['Fur bearers of a special kind' - general article for the public about otters]. Dokl. Biol. Sci. [Doklady Biological Sciences], 443: 84-86. (in German)
Giovacchini, S, M. Marrese, and A. Loy. (2018). Good News from the South: Filling the gap between two otter populations in Italy. IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, 35(4): 212-221. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume35/Giovacchini_et_al_2018.html
Giulianelli, S. and L. Laikre. (1994). Mitochondrial DNA variability in otters from northern Europe: Poster. Otter Seminar, Leeuwarden. 2 pp.
Giuliani, F. (1997). Schadstoffe im Fischotter: Eine Problematik mit Handlungs-bedarf. [Pollutants in the otter: A problem that needs action] 8pp. (unable to confirm publication information)
Gjerde, B., and T.D. Josefsen. (2015). Molecular characterisation of Sarcocystis lutrae n. sp. and Toxoplasma gondii from the musculature of two Eurasian otters (Lutra lutra) in Norway. Parasitology Research, 114: 873-886.
GMB [Groupe Mammalogique Breton]. (2006). European Otter: Reclaiming rivers. Special Supplement: Water and Rivers of Brittany. October 2006. pp.14-17.
GMB [Groupe Mammalogique Breton]. (2007). European Otter and forest management: eg forest in Britain. In: The Forest Mammals, Proceedings of XXVIIIth francophone symposium of Mammalogy SFEPM [Société Française pour l’Etude et la Protection des Mammifères]. Records Forest (ONF), 18: 123-129. (unable to confirm acronym definition)
GMB [Groupe Mammalogique Breton]. (2009). Preservation of the European otter in Brittany: Consideration of the species in the management of its habitats. Courier Nature, 247: 25-33.
Gnoli, C. and C. Prigioni. (1995). Preliminary study on the acoustic communication of captive otters. Hystrix, 7(1-2): 289-296.
Gnoli, C., C. Prigioni, and P. Polotti. (1998). Behavioural use of vocalizations by Eurasian otters (Lutra lutra). Proceedings VII international Otter Colloquium. March 14-19,1998, Trebon, Czech Republic. pp. 77-83. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume19A/Trebon-I.pdf
Gnoli, C., C.Prigioni, and P. Polotti. (1997). Acoustic communication and related behaviour of captive European otters Lutra lutra. XVth Symposium of the International Bioacoustic Council: Abstracts. Bioacoustics 8: 270-271.
Gomez, L. and C. R. Shepherd. (2019). Stronger international regulations and increased enforcement effort is needed to end the illegal trade in otters in Asia. IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, 36(1):71-76. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume36/Gomez_Shepherd_2019.html
Gomez, L, B.T.C. Leupen, M. Theng, K. Fernandez, and M. Savage. (2017). Illegal Otter Trade: An Analysis of Seizures in Selected Asian Countries (1980-2015): Summary. IUCN Otter Specialist. Group Buletin, 34(2): 104-114. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume34/Gomez_et_al_2017.html
Gomez, L. and J. Bouhuys. (1918). Illegal otter trade in Southeast Asia. TRAFFIC Report, June 2019. 38 pp. IUCN.
Gomez, L. and J. Bouhuys. (2017). Recent seizures of live otters in Southeast Asia. IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, 34(2): 83-85. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume34/Gomez_Bouhuys_2017.html
Gomez, L. and J. Bouhuys. (2018). Illegal otter trade in Southeast Asia. TRAFFIC, Petaling Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia, IUCN.
Gomez, L., B.T.C. Leupen, M. Theng, K. Fernandez, and M. Savage. (2016). Illegal Otter Trade: An analysis of seizures in selected Asian countries (1980–2015). TRAFFIC, Petaling Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia. IUCN
Gomez, L., C.R. Shepherd, and J. Morgan. (2019). Improved legislation and stronger enforcement actions needed as the Online Otter Trade in Indonesia continues. IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, 36(2): 64-71. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume36/Gomez_et_al_2019.html
Goncharuk, M.S., I.V. Voloshina, V.V. Aramilev, A.A. Shurygina, and L.L. Kerley. (2020).Recent observations of Eurasian otterLutra lutra,including white-coated Individuals, in the Southern Sikhote Alin, the Russian Far East.IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, 37(3): 147 157. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume37/Goncharuk_et_al_2020.html
Gondry, S. (2002). Study of the diet of otters reintroduced into the water during Alsatian. Rapp. MST Environment. pp 36.
Gordon, S. (2015). An investigation into the variation of the vocalizations emitted by wild populations of the Eurasian Otter (Lutra lutra) at a holt in Fife, Scotland. 44 pp. Thesis, Edinburgh Napier University. Edinburgh, Scotland.
Gorgadze, G. (2004). The Eurasian otter in the south Caucasus. IUCN Otters Specialist Group Bulletin, 21(1): 19-23. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume21/Gorazde_2004.html
Gorgadze, G. (2007). Present problems affecting the otter (Lutra lutra) population in Georgia. Proceedings of the European Otter Conference "Return of the Otter in Europe-Where and How?" 4 pp.
Gorgadze, G. (2015). Eurasian otter(lutra lutra)in Georgia, Poster Session: Proceedings European Otter Workshop. 8-11 June 2015, Stockholm, Sweden. IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, Volume 33(A). https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume33A/Vol33A_Index.html
Gormally, M.J. and J.S. Fairley. (1982). Food of otters Lutra lutra in a freshwater lough and an adjacent brackish lough in the west of Ireland. Journal of Zoology (London), 197: 313-321.
Gorman, M.L., D. Jenkins, and R.J. Harper. (1978). The anal scent sacs of the otter. Journal of Zoololgy (London), 186: 463-474.
Gorman, M.L., H. Kruuk, C. Jones, G. Mclaren, and J.W.F. Conroy. (1998). The demography of European otters (Lutra lutra). pp. 107-118. In: Dunstone, N. and M.L. Gorman. (eds.) Behaviour and Ecology of Riparian Mammals.
Gorski, P, A. Zalewski, K. Kazimierczak, and G. Kotomski. (2010). Coproscopical investigations of the European otter (Lutra lutra) from Bialowieza Primeval Forest. Wiad Parazytol.[Wiadomosci Parazytologiczne], 56(2): 179-80.
Gossow, H. and A. Kranz. (1996).Otters and fish farms: An Introduction. Proceedings of the International Workshop, Litschau, Austria. 8-9 February 1996. pp. 1-2.
Gourvelou, E., N. Papageorgiou, and C. Neophytou. (2000). Diet of the otter (Lutra lutra) in Lake Kerkini and stream Milli Aggistro, Greece. Acta Theriologica, 45: 35-44
Goury of Champgrand, Ch.J. (1769). Treaty on hunting and hunting. To wit: deer, deer, deer, hare, wild boar, wolf, fox, or Bléreau Taisson of otter, weasel, marten or weasel, polecat, etc. Ed Bristling, Paris. 208 pp.
Govind, S.K. and E.A. Jayson. (2018). Attack of otter on humans in Thrissur, Kerala, India. IUCN/Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, 35(1): 57-60. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume35/Govind_Jayson_2018.html
Granier, C. (2006). Otters at the Zoo de Vincennes in Paris. (unabe to confirm publisher)
Green R. (2000a). Avian predation by captive otters. IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, 17:(2) 24-25. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume17/Green_2000.html
Green R. and J. Green. (1988). The second Scottish otter survey. IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, 3: 24-26. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume3/Green_Green_1988.html
Green R. and J. Green. (1998). Disease and health problems in British otters at a rehabilitation Centre. Proceedings VII International Otter Colloquium. March 14-19, 1998, Trebon, Czech Republic. pp. 84-91. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume19A/Trebon-I.pdf
Green R., J. Green, and D.J. Jefferies. (1984). A radio-tracking survey of otters on a Perthshire river system. Lutra, 27: 85-145.
Green, J. (1977). Sensory perception in hunting otters (Lutra lutra L.). Otter (Journal of the OtterTrust). 1977, pp.13-16.
Green, J. and Green, R. (1980). Otter Survey of Scotland 1977-1979. Vincent Wildlife Trust. London.
Green, J. and R. Green. (1981). The otter in western France. Mammal Review, 11: 181-187.
Green, J. and R. Green. (1987). Otter Survey of Scotland 1984-1985. Vincent Wildlife Trust, London.
Green, R. (1991). The impact of hunting, poaching and accidents on otter survival and measures to protect individual animals. In: Proceedings ofthe Vth International Otter Colloquium. Reuther,C. and R. Röchert. (eds). Habitat, 6:171-190.
Green, R. (1996). Otters (Lutra lutra) as predators in ornamental ponds. Fish farms: Proceedings of the International Workshop, Litschau, Austria. 8-9 February 1996. pp. 20-22.
Green, R. (1997).Reintroduction of Otters: A Successful Conservation Strategy? IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, 14(2): 62-74. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume14/Green_1997.html
Green, R. (1998). Treatment, medication and administration of drugs to otters. Proceedings VII International Otter Colloquium. March 14-19, 1998, Trebon, Czech Republic. pp. 92-95. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume19A/Trebon-I.pdf
Green, R. (1999). Otter speed on land. IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, 16(2): 39-40. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume16/Green_1999.html
Green, R. (2000b). Sexual differences in the behaviour of young otters (Lutra lutra). IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, 17(1): 17-25. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume17/Green_2000a.html
Green, R. (2007). An estimate of the number of otters (Lutra lutra) killed on Scottish roads. Proceedings of the European Otter Conference "Return of the Otter in Europe-Where and How?" 6 pp.
Green, R. and J. Green. (1995). Ecological and ethological requirements of the European otter: Experience of the reintroduction of the species in Britain. Cahiers d'Ethologie, Liege [Notebooks of Ethology. Leige], 15(2-3-4): 369-378.
Green, R. and J. Green. (1997). Otter Survey of Scotland 1991-1994. Vincent Wildlife Trust, London.
Greig, R. (2007). Habitat management and the return of the Eurasian otter Lutra lutra to Anglesey. Proceedings of the European Otter Conference "Return of the Otter in Europe-Where and How?" 6 pp.
Grémillet, X. (1993). Field Survey of Lutra lutra on Corfu Island (Greece). IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, 8: 39-42. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume8/Gemillet_1993.html
Grémillet, X. (1995). Proposals for the conservation of otters on Corfu island (Ionan Sea, Greece), Hystrix, 7: (1-2).
Grogan, A. (2007). Road accidents: Are they a significant threat to the survival of the otter? Proceedings of the European Otter Conference "Return of the Otter in Europe-Where and How?" 12 pp.
Grogan, A., C. Philcox, and D. Macdonald. (2001). Nature Conservation and Roads: Advice in Relation to Otters. Russell Brookes Print Ltd., Redditch, 105 pp.
Grogan, A., R. Green, and S. Rushton. (2013). The impacts of roads on Eurasian Otters (Lutra lutra). IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, 30(1): 44-57. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume30/Grogan_et_al_2013.html
Grohé C, Y. Chaimanee, L. de Bonis, C.Yamee, C. Blondel, and J.J. Jaeger. (2010). New data on Mustelidae (Carnivora) from Southeast Asia: Siamogale thailandica, a peculiar otter-like mustelid from the late middle Miocene Mae Moh Basin, northern Thailand.Naturwissenschaften [Natural Sciences], 97(11):1003-1015.
Groupe Loutre Luxembourg (1997). Evaluation de la Qualité des Cours d'Eau au Luxembourg en Tant Qu'habitat pour la Loutre [Assessment of the quality of watercourses in Luxembourg as habitat for otter]. Travaux Scientifiques du Musée Nationale d’Histoire Naturelle de Luxembourg. 26.
Gruber, B., B. Reineking, J.M. Calabrese, A. Kranz, K. Poledníková, L. Polednik, J. Hildebrand, M. Popiolek, G. Zalesny, and A. Piróg. (2011) A record of Pseudamphistomum truncatum (Rudolphi, 1819) (Digenea, Phisthorchiidae) in the Eurasian otter (Lutra lutraL.) from Poland. Wiadomosci Parazytologiczne, 57: 151-154.
Guidos, S.A. (2019). Interactions between Eurasian otters (Lutra lutra) and American mink (Neovison vison) in western Norway: A camera trap study over space and time. Master Thesis. The University of Bergen. Bergen, Norway.
Guillaud, E., P. Bearez, C. Denys, and S. Raimond. (2014). Taphonomy of a fish accumulation by the European Otter (Lutra lutra) in central France. Journal of Taphonomy, 12(1): 69-83.
Guillaud, E., P. Bearez, C.Denys, and S. Raimond. (2017). New data on fish diet and bone digestion of the Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra) (Mammalia: Mustelidae) in central France. The European Journal of Zoology, 84(1): 226-237.
Guillemot, B. (1987). Otter in Loire-Atlantique. In: Otter, witnessed the degradation of wetlands. Erminea, 5: 49-55.
Guinard E. and C. Pineau. (2006). Les mustélidés semi-aquatiques et les infrastrcutures routières et ferrovières: Loutre et Vison d'Europe [Semi-aquatic mustelids and road and rail infrastructure: European Otter and Mink]. Sétra: Note d'information n°76 [Sétra: Information note # 76].14 pp.
Guischer, V. (2003a). Analysis of favorable and unfavorable to the recolonization of the European otter in Haute-Vienne. Factors Memory Master ERE, University of Burgundy, GMHL [Groupe Mammalogique et Herpétologique du Limousin]. 50 pp. + Annexes. (unable to confirm definition of first acronym)
Guischer, V. (2003b). Study of otter habitat on Aumance (Allier). Mem. BPE control, University of . Limoges, Limoge, France. 55 pp. + Annexes. (unable to confirm acronym definition)
Guitart, R., B. Martínez, E. Piqué, R. Mateo, M. Solar, and M. Rodríguez. (2005). Organochlorine residues in fishes from two rivers in Cantabria, Spain: Implications for a program of otter (Lutra lutra) reintroduction. Earth and Environmental Science, 75(1): 143-148.
Guter, A., A. Dolev, D. Saltz, and N. Kronfeld-Schor. (2005). Temporal and spatial influences on road mortality in otters: Conservation implications. Israel Journal of Zoology, 51: 199–207.
Guter, A., A. Dolev, D. Saltz, and N. Kronfeld-Schor. (2006). Do otters occasionally visit Israel’s coastal plain? IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, 23(1): 11-3. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume23/Guter_Dolev_et_al_2006.html
Guter, A., A. Dolev, D. Saltz, and N. Kronfeld-Schor. (2008). Using videotaping to validate the use of spraints as an index of Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra) activity. Ecological Indicators, 8(5): 462-465.
Guter, A., D. Saltz, N. Krondfeld-Schorn, and A. Dolev. (2007). Scent marking behaviour in the Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra) in the Hula Nature Reserve-Israel. Proceedings of the European Otter Conference" Return of the Otter in Europe-Where and How?"4 pp
Gutleb, A. (1992). The otter in Austria: A review on the current state of research. IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, 7: 8-13. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume7/Gutleb_1992.html
Gutleb, A. (2000). The role of pollutants in the decline of the otter. Proceedings of the First Otter Toxicology Conference, Isle of Skye, Scotland pp. 7-28. https://www.otter.org/documents/research/toxicology/toxicology%20report%201.pdf
Gutleb, A. (2010). Chemical contaminants in fish species from rivers in the North of Luxenbourg: Potential impact on the Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra). Chemosphere, 78(7): 785-792.
Gutleb, A. (2010). Impact of PCBs on otters in Luxembourg and Belgium, Centre de Recherche Public . Gabriel Lippmann (L), slideshow communication Colloquium project completion, 24 and 25 September 2010, Wiltz ( Grand Duchy of Luxembourg). LIFE.Nature European Programme.
Gutleb, A. and A.T.J. Murk. (2000). Review of current knowledge of PHAH toxicity and vitamin homeostasis in the Eurasian otter. Proceedings of the First Otter Toxicology Conference, Isle of Skye, Scotland. pp. 145-158. https://www.otter.org/documents/research/toxicology/toxicology%20report%201.pdf
Gutleb, A. and D. Jefferies. (2007). A review of the contribution of pollution to the decline of Lutra lutra. Proceedings of the European Otter Conference "Return of the Otter in Europe-Where and How?" 1 p.
Gutleb, A. C. (1995). Umweltkontaminanten und Fischotter. Eine Risikoabschätzung für Lutra lutra (L.,1758) in Österreich [Environmental contaminants and otters: A risk assessment for Lutra lutra (L., 1758) in Austria].Thesis, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Austria. 216 pp.
Gutleb, A.C. (1994a). Heavy metals, OCPs and PCBs in spraints of the otter from Slovenia. IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, 10: 31-34. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume10/Gutleb_1994.html
Gutleb, A.C. (1994b). Todesursachenforschung Fischotter. Grundlage fur ein Schutzkonzept von Lutra lutra L. 1758. [Causes of otter death research: Basis for a protection concept for Lutra lutra L. 1758]. Bericht fur das Jahr 1993[Report for 1993]. Unpublished report to WWF, Austria. 28 pp.
Gutleb, A.C. (1996a). Evaluating a mathematical model to predict polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) levels in livers of the otter (Lutra lutra) from concentrations in fish. Organohalogen Compounds, 29: 99-101
Gutleb, A.C. (1996b). Fischotter [Otter]-Lutra lutra (Linné, 1758). In: Spitzenberger, F., B. Gutleb, and A. Zedrosser. (Eds.): Die Säugetiere Kärntens [The Mammals of Carinthia], Teil II. Carinthia [Part II. Carinthia] 186/106: 265-267.
Gutleb, A.C. (1996c). Polychlorierte Biphenyle (PCBs) und Fischotter in Österreich: Eine Risikoabschätzung für Lutra lutra (L., 1758) [Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and otters in Austria: A risk assessment for Lutra lutra (L., 1758)]. WWF Forschungsberichte Fischotter [Research reports otter], 3: 45-52.
Gutleb, A.C. and A. Kranz. (1998). Estimation of PCB levels in livers of the otter (Lutra lutra) from concentrations in scats and fish. Water, Air and Soil Pollution, 106: 481-491.
Gutleb, A.C. and A. Toman. (1996). Some remarks on contamination of Lutra lutra with environmental pollutants in the Czech Republic. Bulletin Vydra, 7: 6-8.
Gutleb, A.C. and G. Merz. (1991). Cesium-137 levels detected in otters from Austria. IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, 6: 11-12. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume6/Gutleb_Mraz_1991.html
Gutleb, A.C., A. Kranz, G. Nechay, and A. Toman. (1998). Heavy metals in tissues of the otter (Lutra lutra) from Central Europe. Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. [Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology], 60: 273-279.
Gutleb, A.C., G. Loupal, and W. Henninger. (1995). Psuedarthrose des os penis eines fischotters (Lutra lutra) [Pseudarthrosis of the os penis of an otter (Lutra lutra)]. 14th Mustelid Colloquium. pp. 20-21.
Gutleb, A.C., W. Henninger, G. Loupal, and A. Kranz, A. (1995). Evidence for illegal attempts to kill otters (Lutra lutra) in Austria. IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin 11: 10-13 https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume11/Gutleb_et_al_1995.html
Gutleb, B., R. Rautschka, and A.C. Gutleb. (1996). Some Comments on the Otter (Lutra lutra) in Iran. IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, 13(1): 43-44. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume13/Gutleb_et_al_1996.html
Guven Veryeri, N. (2007). Otter (Lutra lutra) survey of eastern Mediterranean rivers in Turkey. Proceedings of the European Otter Conference "Return of the Otter in Europe-Where and How?" 3 pp.
Guyot, H. (1950). The hunt otter. Repr.1985, Journal of the Sologne and its Surroundings, 50: 31-39.
Top
Haake, P. and M. (2012). Focus Nature; Travel in Norway 2012. Mammals: Otters d'Europe.
Hadipour, E., M. Karami, M. Abdoli, R. Borhan, and R. Goljani. (2011). A Study on Eurasian Otter (Lutra lutra) in Amirkelayeh Wildlife Refuge and International Wetland in Guilan Province, Northern Iran. IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, 28(2): 84-98. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume28/Hadipour_et_al_2011.html
Hafellner, W. (1996). Fish farming and otter damages in the Waldviertel region in Lower Austria: An example- Kinsky's fish farm enterprise Heidenreichstein. Fish Farms: Proceedings of the International Workshop. Litschau, Austria. 8-9 February 1996. pp. 3-5.
Hahin, G.V. (1984a). Caucasian otter. Red Data Book of the USSR. Vol. 1. 2nd ed. Lesnaya Promyshlenost Publ., p. 34-35.
Hahin, G.V. (1984b). Middle-Asian otter. Red Data Book of the USSR. Vol. 1. 2nd ed. Lesnaya Promyshlenost Publ., p. 35-36.
Hainard, R. (1987). La Loutre [The Otter]. pp. 282-291 In: Delachaux and Niestlé. (ed.). Mammifères Sauvages d'Europe [European Wild Mammals]. 332 pp.
Hajkova P., J. Bryja, B. Zemanova, and J. Zima. (2007). Testing the methodology of microsatellite DNA typing of spraints for studying otters in the Czech and Slovak Republic. Proceedings of the European Otter Conference "Return of the Otter in Europe -Where and How?" 5 pp.
Hajkova, P., B. Zemanová, J. Bryja, B. Hájek, K. Roche, E. Tkadlec, and J. Zima. (2006). Factors affecting success of PCR amplification of microsatellite loci from otter faeces. Molecular Ecology Notes, 6: 559-562.
Hájková, P., B. Zemanova, J. Bryja, H. Bedrich,K. Roche, and Z. Jan. (2004). Genetic structure of Czech and Slovak populations of the Eurasian otter (lutra lutra): Dna typing of spraints and microsatellite variability. IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, 21(A). https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume21A/Hajkova_et_al_2004_8th_OSG_Proc.pdf
Hájkovaá, P., B. Zemanová, K. Roche, and B. Hájek. (2009). An evaluation of field and non invasive genetic methods for estimating Eurasian otter population size. Conservation Genetics, 10: 1667-1681.
Hájkovaá, P., B. Zemanová, K. Roche, and B. Hájek. (2011). Conservation genetics and non-invasive genetic sampling of Eurasian otters (Lutra lutra) in the Czech and Slovak Republics. Proceedings of Xth International Otter Colloquium. IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, 28(A): 127-138. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume28A/Hajkova_et_al_2011.html
Hájkovaá, P., C. Pertoldi, B. Zemanova, K. Roche, B. Hajek, J. Bryja, and J. Zima. (2007). Genetic structure and evidence for recent population decline in Eurasian otter populations in the Czech and Slovak Republics: Implications for conservation. Journal of Zoology, 272(1): 1-9.
Hájkovaá, P., K. Roche, and L. Kocian. (2003). On the use of diagnostic bones of brown trout (Salmo trutta m. fario), grayling (Thymallus thymallus), and Carpathian sculpin (Cottus poecilopus) in Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra) diet analysis. Folia Zoologica, 52(4): 389-398.
Hammershøj M., A B.Madsen, B. Gårdmand, B. Jensen, A. Jensen, J.L. Jeppesen and J.T. Laursen. (1996). Overvågning af odder Lutra lutra i Danmark 1996 [Monitoring of otter Lutra lutra in Denmark 1996]. Danmarks Miljøundersøgelser [Denmark's Environmental Surveys], Faglig rapport [Professional report]. 172: 40 pp.
Han, X., Z. Dong, G. Zhao, X. Zhao, X. Shi, Z. Lü, and H. Li(2021).Using surveillance cameras to analyze the activity pattern of the Eurasian otters (Lutra lutra) and the efficiency of camera trap monitoring. Biodiversity Science, 29(6): 770-779.
Hancox, M. (1992). Some key factors in breeding, conservation, and sociology of otters. IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, 7: 2-4. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume7/Hancox_1992.html
Hancox. M. (1987). Some observations on the ecology of coastal otters in western Scotland.The Scottish Naturalist, 1987: 111-118.
Hansen, M. M. and L. Jacobsen. (1999). Identification of mustelid species: Otter (Lutra lutra), American mink (Mustela vison) and polecat (Mustela putorius) by analysis of DNA from faecal samples. Journal of Zoology, 247: 177-181.
Harivel, R. (2012). Study of the distribution of the European otter (Lutra lutra) over the Orne River and its tributaries (14-61), 2008. Petit Dormouse, 65: 5-17.
Harmsen, B. (2000). Herintroductie van otters in Nederland. [Reintroduction of otters in the NetherlandsZoogdier [Mammal], 11(3): 25-27. (in Dutch)
Harper, L.R., H.V.Watson,R. Donnelly,R. Hampshire,C.D.Sayer,T. Breithaupt,and B.Hänfling. (2020). Using DNA metabarcoding to investigate diet and niche partitioning in the native European otter (Lutralutra) and invasive American mink (Neovisonvison). Metabarcoding and Metagenomics, 4:e56087. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/mbmg.4.56087
Harrington, L. A., A.L. Harrington, D.W. Macdonald. (2009).The Smell of New Competitors: The Response of American Mink, Mustela vison , to the Odours of Otter, (Lutra lutra )and Polecat, (M. putorius). Ethology, 115(5):421-428.
Hassani, S. and L. Lafontaine. (2003). Impact of the oil spill from the Erika non-pelagic marine mammals. Gray seals and otters in Europe. Rapp. MEDD/INERI/IFREMER [Ministère de l’Ecologie, de l’Energie, du Développement /Nevin Economic Research Institute/Institut français de recherche pour l'exploitation]. Oceanopolis. 38 pp.
Hassani, S. and L. Lafontaine. (2004). Erika oil spill impact on the gray seals and otters of the French Atlantic coasts. European Research on Cetaceans Proceedings. 28-31 March 2004. Kolmarden, Sweden.
Hauer, S. (1996). Untersuchungen zur Bewertung von Fischotterhabitaten [Studies for the evaluation of otter habitats]. Diplomarbeit, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, 82 pp.
Hauer, S. (2002). Population analysis of dental anomalies of otters Lutra lutra from Eastern Germany. Acta Theriologica, 47, 339-362.
Hauer, S. and D. Heidecke. (1999). Zur Verbreitung des Fischotters (Lutra lutra L., 1758) in Sachsen-Anhalt [For the distribution of the otter (Lutra lutra L., 1758) in Saxony-Anhalt]. Hercynia, 32: 149-160. (in German).
Hauer, S., H. Ansorge, and O. Zinke. (2002a). Mortality patterns of otters (Lutra Lutra) from Eastern Germany. Journal of Zoology, 256: 361-368.
Hauer, S., H. Ansorge, and O. Zinke. (2002b). Reproductive performance of otters Lutra lutra (Linnaeus, 1758) in Eastern Germany: Low reproduction in a long-term strategy. Biol. J. Linn. Soc. [Biological Journal of the Linnean Society], 77: 329-340.
Hauer, S., H. Ansorge, O. Zinke, and D. Heidecke. (1998). Age structure patterns of otters (Lutra lutra) from eastern Germany. Sonderheft Zeitschrift Säugetierk [Special issue of the Mammalian magazine]. 63: 22.
Hawkins C.J, J.M. Caffrey, P. Stuart, and C. Lawton. (2010). Biliary parasite Pseudamphistomum truncatum (Opistorchiidae) in American mink (Mustela vison) and Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra) in Ireland. Parasitol Res.[Paracitology Research], 107(4): 993-997.
Heap, C.J, L. Lafontaine and D. Field. (2010). Summary of Husbandry Guidelines for the Eurasian Otter in Captivity. Published by IUCN/SSC Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, Otters in Captivity Task Force (OCT), edited by Jan Reed-Smith, Chair October 18. http://www.otterspecialistgroup.org/osg-newsite/wp-content/uploads/2017/05/Eurasian_Otter_Lutra_lutra_Husbandry_OCT.pdf
Heggberget, T. (1984). Age determination in the European otter Lutra lutra lutra. Zeitschrift für Säugetierkunde [Journal of Mammals], 49: 299–305.
Heggberget, T.M. (1988). Reproduction in the female European otter in central and northern Norway. Journal of Mammalogy. 69(1): 164-167.
Heggberget, T.M. (1993). Marine feeding otters (Lutra lutra) in Norway: Seasonal variation in prey and reproductive timing. J. Marine Biol. Assoc. UK [Journal of the Marine Biological Association UK], 73: 297-312.
Heggberget, T.M. and H. Christensen, (1994). Reproductive timing in Eurasian otters on the coast of Norway. Ecography, 17: 339-348.
Heggberget, T.M. and K.E. Moseid. (1994). Prey selection in coastal Eurasian otters Lutra lutra. Ecography, 17: 331-338.
Heidemann, G. and U. Riecken, U. (1988). Zur Situation des Bestandes und der Lebensraume des Fischotters (Lutra lutraL.) in Schleswig Holstein [On the situation of the population and the habitat of the otter (Lutra lutra L.) in Schleswig Holstein]. Natur und Landschaft [Nature and Land], 63(7/8): 318-322.
Heltai, M., E.A. Bauer-Haáz, R. Lehoczki, and J. Lanszki. (2012). Changes in the occurrence and population trend of the Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra) in Hungary between 1990 and 2006. North-Western Journal of Zoology, 8: 112–118.
Hempel, G. and W. Tschirch. (1998). Die Dokumentation der Geschlechtsreife beim männlichen Fischotter (Lutra lutra L.) mittels Fäkalsteroid-Nachweis [Documentation of sexual maturity in male otters (Lutra lutra L.) using fecal steroid detection]. Beiträge Jagd-und Wildforschung [Contributions Hunting and Wildlife Research], 23: 251-256.
Hendriks, J., R. Luttik, M. and M. van der Weiden. (1996). Development of otter-based quality objectives for PCBs (DOQOP[Development of otter-based quality objectives for PCBs]). Studies on biomagnification of PCBs in the Limfjord area (Denmark). Organohalogen Compounds, 29: 59-63.
Henninger, W. and G. Loupal. (1996). Mortality of otters (Lutra lutra) in Austria with special reference to evidence for poaching. In: Fish Farm Proceeding International Workshop, Litschau, Austria. 8-9 February 1996. pp. 138-141.
Hernando, A., F. Martínez de Lecea, A. Illana, J. Bayona, and T J. Echegaray. (2005). Sondeo y evolución de la distribución de la nutria paleártica (Lutra lutra Linnaeus,1758)en el paísVasco (N España). [Survey and evolution of the distribution of the Palearctic otter (Lutra lutra Linnaeus, 1758) in the Basque country (N Spain)] Galemys, 1: 25-46.
Heron, J.N, G. White, and D. Tatin. (2012). First signs of recolonization of the European Otter (Lutra lutra) in Provence. Provence Nature, 1: 85-93.
Hertweck, K., R. Klenke, and K. Henle. (2002). Estimating the density of otter Lutra lutra populations using individual analyses of tracks. Proceedings of the VIIth International Otter Colloquium. March 14-19. Trebon, Czech Republic. pp.115-119. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume19A/Trebon-II.pdf
Hesnard, O. (2012). Early 2012 indices of otter in the marshes of Cotentin. Petite Dormouse, 65: 23-24.
Hlavác, V. and A. Toman. (1993). Otter distribution and conservation in the Czech Republic. IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, 8: 36-37. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume8/Hlavac_Toman_1993.html
Hof, Van't, P. and F. Van Langevelde. (2005). Reintroduction of the otter in the Netherlands: Implementation of international guidelines in the pre-release phase. Lutra, 48(2) 135-137.
Hofmann, A. and H. Mau, H. (1999). Daheim an Bach und FIuß. Der Fischotter im Bayerischen Wald. Naturpark Bayerischer Wald (ed.) [At home by the stream and the river: The otter in the Bavarian Forest. Bavarian Forest Nature Park (ed.)]. 14 pp. (in German)
Holzinger, W.E., B. Komposch, and B. Depisch. (2002). Die aktuelle Verbreitung des Fischotters (Lutra lutra L.) in der südlichen Steiermark [The current distribution of the otter (Lutra lutra L.) in southern Styria]. Linzer Biologische Beitrage [Linz Biological Contributions], 34(1): 779-786. (in German with English abstract)
Hong S., F. Recknagel, H-G.Kim, T-S. Chon, and G-J. Joo (2020). Relationships of otter populations with fish, macroinvertebrates and water quality across three Korean rivers revealed by inferential modelling based on evolutionary computation. Ecological Informatics. 59(6): 101108.
Hong, S. and G-J. Joo. (2021). Secondary forest development during urbanization sustains apex carnivore populations of Eurasian otters (Lutra lutra). Landscape and Urban Planning,Vol. 208. Article 104021. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2020.104021
Hong, S. D.K. Kim, Y. Do, J-Y. Kim, Y-M. Kim, P. Cowan, and G-J. Joo. (2018). Stream health, topography, and land use influences on the distribution of the Eurasian otterLutra lutrain the Nakdong River basin, South Korea. Ecological Indicators, 88: 241-249.
Hong, S. (2020). Public perception of otters in South Korea. Otter (Journal of the Otter Trust). 2020: 108-119.
Hong, S., F. Recknagel, T-S. Chon, and G-J. Joo. (2018). Testing the strengths of relationships between otter populations, fish and macroinvertebrate communities as well as habitat conditions across three Korean rivers by inferential modelling based on the hybrid evolutionary algorithm HEA . Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Ecological Informatics. p. 33.
Hong, S., J-S. Gim, H.G. Kim, P.E. Cowan, G-J. Joo. (2019). A molecular approach to identifying the relationship between resource use and availability in Eurasian otters (Lutra lutra). Canadian Journal of Zoology, 97(9): 797-804.
Hong, S., M. Di Febbraro A. Loy, P. Cowan, and G-J. Joo. (2020). Large scale faecal (spraint) counts indicate the population status of endangered Eurasian otters (Lutra lutra). Ecological Indicators, 109. Article 105844.
Hong, S., T-S. Chon, and G-J. Joo. (2020). Spatial distribution patterns of Eurasian otter (Lutra Lutra) in association with environmental factors unravelled by machine learning and diffusion kernel method. Journal of Environmental Informatics. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3808/jei.202000443
Hong, S., Y. Do, J.Y. Kim, P. Cowan, and G-J. Joo. (2017). Conservation activities for the Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra) in South Korea traced from newspapers during 1962–2010. Biological Conservation, 210(A): 157-162.
Hönigsfeld-Adamic, M. and J. Smole. (2011). Phototraps as a non-invasive method of monitoring otters (Lutra lutra): What can we expect? Proceedings of Xth International Otter Colloquium. IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, 28(A): 60-69. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume28A/HoenigsfeldAdamic_Jakob_2011.html
Honnen, A.-C., B. Petersen, L. Kassler, M. Elmeros, A. Roos, R.S. Sommer, and F.E. Zachos. (2011). Genetic structure of Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra, Carnivora: Mustelidae) populations from the western Baltic Sea region and its implications for the recolonization of north-western Germany. Journal of Zoological Systematics and Evolution Research, 49: 169-175.
Honnen, A-C., A. Roos, T. Stjernberg, and E. Zachos. (2015). Genetic analysis of Eurasian otters (Lutra lutra) reveals high admixture in Finland and pronounced differentiation in Sweden. Mammalian Biology, 80(1): 47-53
Hottua, R. (1995). Watershed study attert for ecological management of rivers, otters being taken as bioindicator. Rapp. School Fieldgen, Luxembourg, 90 pp.
Houston, A.I. and J.M. McNamara. (1994). Models of diving and data from otters: Comments on Nolet et al. Journal of Animal Ecology, 63(4): 1004-1006.
Huang, C.-C., Y.-C. Hsu, L.-L. Lee, and S.-H. Li. (2005). Isolation and characterization of tetramicrosatellite DNA markers in the Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra). Molecular Ecology Notes, 5: 314-316.
Huet, G. (1992). The Otter in Britain: Distribution watersheds. Water and Rivers of Brittany, 82: 6-7.
Hugla, J.L., A. Dohet, I. Thys, L. Hoffmann and J.P. Thomé. (1998). Contamination by PCBs and organochlorine pesticides in fish from the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg. Potential impact on populations of otter (Lutra lutra L.). Annals of Limnology, 34. (unable to confirm pages)
Hugla, J.L., A. Dohet, I. Thys, L. Hoffmann, and J.P. Thome. (1998). PCBs and organochlorinated pesticides contamination of fish in Luxembourg: Possible impact on otter populations. Int. J. Limnol. [International Journal of Limnology], 34: 201-209.
Hung, N. and C.J. Law.(2016). Lutra lutra (Carnivora: Mustelidae). Mammalian Species, 48(940): 109-122.
Hurrell, E. (1963). Watch for the Otter, London, Country Life.
Hussain, S. A. (2002). Conservation status of otters in the Tarai and Lower Himalayas of Uttar Pradesh, India. IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin 19A: 131-142. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume19A/Trebon-II.pdf
Hussain, S. A. (2013b). Otter field survey techniques. Asian Otter Conservation Workshop. 25th- 30th November 2013, Bengaldura, India.
Hussain, S.A. (1997). Status of otters and associated wetland fauna found in the Tarai and lower Himalayas of Uttar Pradesh. Study report Wildlife Institute of India, Dehradun.
Hussain, S.A. (1999). Status of otter conservation in India. Envis Bulletin: Wildlife and Protected Areas, 2(2): 92-97.
Hussain, S.A. (2013a). An overview of Indian otters. Asian Otter Conservation Workshop. 25th- 30th November 2013, Bengaldura, India.
Hwang, J-Y and G-J. Cho. (2018). Identification of novel haplotypes and interpretation of gene flow of mitochondrial DNA control region of Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra) for the effective conservation. Journal of Veterinary Medical Science. 80(11): 1791-1800.
Hysaj, E. and F. Bego. (2010). Ndikimi i sezonit riprodhues dhe faktorëve ambientale në intensitetin e shënimit të lundërzës (Lutra lutra L.) përgjatë luginës së Drinos [Influence of reproductive season and environmental factors on the intensity of otter marking (Lutra lutra L.) along the Drino valley]. Journal of the Institute Alb-Shk AKTET IV, IV: 73-77.
Hysaj, E. and F. Bego. (2008). Përhapja, gjendja dhe dieta e lundërzës (Lutra lutra l.) përgjatë luginës së Drinos [The spread, condition and diet of otters (Lutra lutra l.) Along the Drino valley]. Proceedings of the international conference on Biological and Environmental Sciences. UT, FSHN: f 271-279
Hysaj, E., F. Bego, C. Prigioni, and A. Balestrieri. (2013). Distribution and marking intensity of the Eurasian otter, Lutra lutra, on the River Drinos (southern Albania). Journal of Vertebrate Biology, 62(2):115-120.
Hysaj, E., G. Paspali, M. Qirjo, and F. Bego. (2014). Seasonal variation of the otter’s diet along the Drinos river (southern Albania). Volume Proceedings Book (2014), Vol. 1: 314-319. The International Conference of Ecosystems-ICE 2014. Triana, Albania.
Hyvärinen, H., P. Tyni, and P. Nieminen. (2003). Effects of moult, age, and sex on the accumulation of heavy metals in the otter (Lutra lutra) in Finland. Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. [Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology], 70: 278-284.
Top
Imaizumi, Y. and M. Yoshiyuki. (1989). Taxonomic status of the Japanese otter (Carnivora, Mustelidae), with a description of a new species. Bulletin of the National Science Museum Tokyo Series A, 15: 177-188.
International Otter Survival Fund (2008). Alarming trade in otter fur. IV49 9DE, Scotland. 11 pp.
Ionescu O. and G. Ionescu. (1994). The otter from the Danube delta to the Carpathian Mountains in Romania. Conseil de l'Europe, Rencontres environnement [Council of Europe, Environment Meetings], 24: 74-76.
Iustrat, P. (1986). Survey on the distribution of the otter in Seine-et-Marne. Bull. Anvl, [Bulletin: association des naturalists de la valee du Loing et du massif de Fontainbleau] 62: 21-127.
Iustrat, P. (1988). The Otter Lutra lutra in Seine et Marne? Pipistrelle, 1(1): 21-26.
Izdebska, J.N. and L. Rolbiecki. (2014). Demodex lutrae n. sp. (Acari) in European otter Lutra lutra (Carnivora: Mustelidae) with data from other Demodecid mites in carnivores. Journal of Parasitology, 100(6): 784-89.
Top
J- J -
Jacob G. and LPO Rhône-Alpes. (2012). Preliminary results of genetic monitoring of the otter in the Rhone-Alpes. 35th Francophone Symposium Mammalogy, Arles 2012 SFEPM [Société Française pour l’Etude et la Protection des Mammifères] & LPO. (unable to confirm second acronym definition)
Jacob G. and Réseau Loutre LPO Rhône-Alpes. (2012). Dynamique de la loutre dans les Gorges de l’Ardèche 2009-2011.35e Colloque francophone de Mammalogie, Arles (France). [Dynamics of the otter in the Gorges de l'Ardèche 2009-2011. 35th Francophone Colloquium of Mammalogy, Arles (France)].
Jacob L. and A. Mazet. (2005). Otters in the department of Drôme. Observatory wildlife Rhône-Alpes, CORA, 32 pp. (unable to confirm acronym definition)
Jacob, J.P. (2008). A European otter found dead in a cage trap for raccoons. Website Lot Nature.
Jacobsen L. and H.M. Hansen. (1996). Analysis of otter spraints: Part 1: Comparison of methods to estimate prey proportions and Part 2: Estimation of the size of prey fish. Journal of the Zoological Society (London), 238: 167-180.
Jacobsen, L. (2005). Otter (Lutra lutra) predation on stocked brown trout (Salmo trutta) in two Danish lowland rivers. Ecology of Freshwater Fish, 14(1): 59-68.
Jacoby, M.R. and J.L.R. Williams. (1995a). Recent otter records from central Morocco. IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, 12: 11-12. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume12/Jacoby_Williams_1995.html
Jacoby, M.R. and Williams, J.L.R. (1995b). Otters in SW Andalucia, Spain - August 1995. IUCN Otter Spec. Group Bull. 12: 13 – 14 https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume12/Williams_Jacoby_1995.html
Jacques, H. (1998). Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra) still present in Syria. IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, 15(2): 112-113. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume15/Jacques_1998.html
Jacquet, F. (2007). Etude de faisabilite du retour de la loutre D’Europe (Lutra lutra) en Haute-Savoire [Feasibility study for the return of the European otter (Lutra lutra) to Haute-Savoire].,Thesis for Veterinary Doctorate, Ecole Nationale Veterinaire. 122 pp. + Annexes.
Jacquet, F. (2007). Feasibility study of the return of the otter (Lutra lutra) in Haute-Savoie. Thesis, veterinarian ENV Maisons-Alfort, Ass. ASTERS,
Jacquet, F. (2009). The return of Otter (Lutra lutra) in Haute-Savoie (France): Development of a new method of habitat analysis Earth and Life, 64: 359-368.
Jäggi, R. (2005). An otter stayed in the region of Lake Murten and Biel. Species Management Division, OFEFP [L'Office federal de l'environment, des forets et du paysage].
Jahrl, J. (1995a). Dem Fischotter auf der Spur [On the trail of the otter]. Natur und Land [Nature and Land], 81: 8-12.
Jahrl, J. (1995b). Historische und aktuelle Situation des Fischotters (Lutra lutra) und seines Lebensraumes in der Nationalparkregion Hohe Tauern [Historical and current situation of the otter (Lutra lutra) and its habitat in the Hohe Tauern National Park region]. Mitt. Haus der Natur [Mitt. House of Nature], 12: 29-77.
Jahrl, J. (1996a). Auf der Spur des Fischotters [On the trail of the otter]. Aquatica, 1: 98-106.
Jahrl, J. (1996b). Der Europäische Fischotter (Lutra lutra Linné, 1758) an der Naarn imBundesland Oberösterreich: Eine Erhebung mittels indirekter Nachweise mit einer Diskussion derUntersuchungsmethodik und des Markierverhaltens.[The European otter (Lutra lutra Linné, 1758)on the Naarn in the federal state of Upper Austria: A survey using indirect evidence with a discussion of the investigation methodology and the marking behavior]. Diplomarbeit [Thesis], Universität Salzburg, 69 pp. (Bahnhofstr).
Jahrl, J. (1996c). Historical and current situation of the otter (Lutra lutra) and its habitat in the region of the Hohe Tauern National Park: Analysis of the situation and suggestions for improvements IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, 13(1): 41-42. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume13/Jahrl_1996.html
Jahrl, J. (1998). Distribution of the Eurasian otter in Austria 1990-1998. Proceedings VII International Otter Colloquium. March 14-19, 1998, Trebon, Czech Republic. pp.153-156.
Jahrl, J. (1999). Verbreitung des Eurasischen Fischotters (Lutra lutra) in Österreich [Distribution of the Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra) in Austria]. Joannea Zool, 1: 5-12.
Jahrl, J. (2001). Der Fischotter im Mühlviertel [The otter in the Mühlviertel]: Oberösterreichische Landesregierung Naturschutzabteilung [Upper Austrian Provincial Government, Conservation Department]. Linz, Austria, 24 pp.
Jahrl, J. (2001). Der Fischotter in Oberösterreich [The otter in Upper Austria]. Zeitschrift für Ökologie, Naturschutz und Umweltschutz [Journal for Ecology, Nature Conservation and Environmental Protection] 23: 3-9.
Jamnicki, J. (1995). Hunting of otter (Lutra lutra L.) in Slovakia one hundred years ago. Folia Venatoria, 25: 189-194.
Jamwal, P.S., J. Takpa, P. Chandan, and M. Savage. (2016). First Systematic Survey for Otter (Lutra lutra) in Ladakh, Indian Trans Himalayas. IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, 33(1): 79-85. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume33/Jamwal_et_al_2016.html
Jancke, S. and P. Giere. (2010). Patterns of otter Lutra lutra road mortality in a landscape abundant in lakes. European Journal of Wildlife Research, 57, 373-381.
Jansman, H.A.H, P. Chanin, and J. Dallas J. (2001). Monitoring otter populations by DNA Typing of spraints. IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, 18(1): 12-19. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume18/Jansman_et_al_2001.html
Jansman, H.A.H., D. Lammertsma, and F. Niewold. (2007). Monitoring the re-introduction of the otter in the Netherlands by telemetry and genetic and hormonal analysis of spraints. Proceedings of the European Otter Conference "Return of the Otter in Europe-Where and How?" 2 pp.
Jansman, H.A.H., J. Dekker, B. Van Hattum, P.E.G. Leonards, and S. Broekhuizen. (2003). Using molecular markers and PCB analysis to infer the origin of the otter (Lutra lutra) found on the Knardijk, The Netherlands, in 1998. Lutra, 46: 3-12.
Jansman, H.A.H., L. Van De Zande, and R. Bijlsma. (2007). Genetic feasability study for the reintroduction of otters in the Netherlands. Proceedings of the European Otter Conference "Return of the Otter in Europe-Where and How?" 2 pp.
Janssens, X. (2006). Monitoring and predicting elusive species colonization: Application to the otters in the Cévennes National Park (France). PhD. Thesis. Université catholique de Louvain, Unit of Environmetry and Geomatics [Catholic University of Louvain, Unit of Environmetry and Geomatics]. 250 pp.
Janssens, X., E. Boulengé, J. de Kermabon, P. Defourny. and P.V. Baret. (year unknown). Efficiency of otter survey in a colonial context: Probabilistic approach and new indicators. (unable to confirm year and additional publication information)
Janssens, X., J. De Kermabon, P. Baret, and P. Defourny. (year unknown). Space-time analysis of the recolonization of hydrographical networks by the Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra L.) in the Cevennes. (unable to confirm publication information)
Janssens, X., J. De Kermabon, PV Baret and P. Defourny. (2005). Distribution of the European otter in the Cévennes: Occurrence prediction modeling in the absence of traces. In: "Conservation of the Otter", Proceedings of the XXVII Conference of Francophone Mammalogy, 9 & 10 October 2004 Limoges (87). Ed SFEPM/GMHL: [Société Française pour l’Etude et la Protection des Mammifères/Groupe Mammalogique et Herpétologique du Limousin] pp. 29-34.
Janssens, X., J. Michaux, M.C. Fontaine, R. Libois, J. de Kermabon, P. Defourny, and P.V. Baret. (year unknown). Non-invasive genetics at basin level reveals barriers to the present otter recovery in Europe. (unable to confirm year and additional publication information)
Janssens, X., M.C. Fontaine, J.R. Michaux, R. Libois, J. De Kermabon, P. Defourny, and P.V. Baret. (2008). Genetic pattern of the recent recovery of European otters in southern France. Ecography. 31: 176-186.
Janssens, X., P. Defourny, and J. de Kermabon, and P.V. Baret. (2006). The recovery of otter in the Cevennes (France): A GIS-based model. Hystrix, 17(1): 5-15.
Janssens, X., P.V. Baret, J. de Kermabon and J. and P. Defourny. (year unknown). Modelling elusive otter occurrence of using GIS derived landscape constraints. (unable to confirm publication information).
Jardon, B. (2002). Présence actuelle de la loutre en amont et en aval du confluent des deux Ourthes [Actual presence of the otter upstream and downstream of the confluence of the two Ourthes]. bull. de l'Institut royal dessciences de Belgique [Bulletin of the Royal Belgian Science Institute], 72 suppl: pp. 255-257.
Jedrzsejewska, B., V. Sidorovich, M.M. Pikulik, and W. JedrzejewskI. (2001). Feeding habits of the otter and the American mink in Bialowieza Primeval Forest (Poland) compared to other Eurasian populations. Ecography, 24: 165-180.
Jefferies D.J., H.M. Hanson, and E.A. Harris. (1990). The prevalence of Pseudoterranova decipiens (Nematoda) and Corynosoma strumosum (Acanthocephala) in otters from coastal sites in Britain. The Journal of Zoology (London), 221: 316-321.
Jefferies D.J., P. Wayre, R.M. Jessop, and A.J. Mitchell-Jones. (1986). Reinforcing the native otter population in East Anglia: An analysis of the behaviour and range development of the first release group. Mammal Review, 16: 65-79.
Jefferies, D. J., P. Wayre, and R. Shuter. (2001). A brief history of the Otter Trust's successful programme of repopulating lowland England with otters bred in captivity with special emphasis on East Anglia. Otter (Journal of the Otter Trust), 3:105-117. [C] [W]
Jefferies, D.J. (1986a). Estimation of complete body weights for skinned European otters Lutra lutra (L.) Journal of Zoology, (London)], (A)209, 282-285.
Jefferies, D.J. (1986b). The value of otter Lutra lutra surveying using spraints: An analysis of its success and problems in Britain. Otter (Journal of the Otter Trust), 1: 25-32.
Jefferies, D.J. (1987). Dimensions and weight of some known aged otters with notes on continuous growth during maturity, the largest weights achieved and a possible recent reduction in longevity. Otter (Journal of the Otter Trust). pp. 9-18.
Jefferies, D.J. (1988). Dimensions and weights of some known-aged otters Lutra lutra, with notes on continuous growth during maturity, the largest weights achieved and a possible recent reproduction in longevity. Otter (Journal of the Otter Trust) 1987 2(1): 10-18.
Jefferies, D.J. (1989a). Fragmentation of the English otter population and its effect on viability.Otter (Journal of the Otter Trust), 1988, 2(2): 20-22.
Jefferies, D.J. (1989b). Further records of fyke net and creel deaths in British otters (Lutra lutra) with a discussion on the use of guards. Otter (Journal of the Otter Trust), 1989, 2(3): 13-20.
Jefferies, D.J. and A.J. Mitchell-Jones. (1981). Preliminary research for a release program for the European otter. Otter (Journal of the Otter Trust), 1981,1(5): 13-16.
Jefferies, D.J. and H.M. Hanson. (2000). The role of dieldrin in the decline of the otter in Britain: The analytical data. Proceedings of the First Otter Toxicology Conference, Isle of Skye. pp. 95-144. https://www.otter.org/documents/research/toxicology/toxicology%20report%201.pdf
Jefferies, D.J. and P. Wayre. (1983). Reintroduction to the wild of otters bred in captivity. Otter (Journal of the Otter Trust), (1983). pp. 20-22.
Jefferies, D.J., Hanson. H.M. and Lyle. C.H.C. (1989). A further record of Lutridia exilis (Nitzsch) (Phthiraptera, Trichodectidae) in Britain, with notes on the presence and absence of lice on otters. Entomologist's mon. Mag.[Entomologist's Monthly Magazine], 125: 245-250.
Jefferies, D.J., J. Green, and R. Green. (1984). Commercial fish and crustacean traps: A serious cause of otter Lutra lutra (L.) mortality in Britain and Europe. Vincent Wildlife Trust, London.
Jefferies, D.J., Johnson, A., Green. R. & Hanson, H.M. (1989). Entanglement with monolilament nylon fishing net: A hazard to otters. Otter (Journal of the Otter Trust) 1988, 2(2), 11-16.
Jefferies, D.J., P. Wayer, M. Jessop, A.J. MItchell-Jones, and R. Medd. (1984). The composition, age, size and pre-release treatment of the groups of otters used in the first releases of captive-bred stock in England. Otter (Journal of the Otter Trust), Nov. 16 pp.
Jefferies, D.J., P. Wayre, and R. Shuter. (2000). A brief history of the Otter Trust’s successful programme of repopulating Lowland England with otters bred in captivity with a special emphasis on East Anglia otters, Otter (Journal of the Otter Trust), 2000, 3: 105-117.
Jefferies, D.J., P. Wayre, J. Wayre, and R. Shuter. (2007). Re-introductions as a tool in otter conservation. Proceedings of the European Otter Conference "Return of the Otter in Europe-Where and How?" 20 pp
Jefferies, D.J., P. Wayre, R.M. Jessop, and A.J. Mitchell-Jones. (1986). Reinforcing the native otter Lutra lutra population in East Anglia: An analysis of the behaviour and range development of the first release group. Mammal Reveiw, 16(2): 65-79.
Jefferies, D.J., R. Jessop, and A.J. Mitchell-Jones. (1983). Re-introduction of captive-bred European otters, to suitable field situations in England. Otters (Journal of the Otter Trust), 1(1): 37-40.
Jefferies. D.J. (1989c).Otters crossing watersheds. Otter (Journal of the Otter Trust), 1988, 2(2): 17-19.
Jefferies. D.J. (1989d). The changing otter population of Britain 1700-1989. Biol. J. Linn. Soc.[Biological Journal of the Linnean Society], 38: 61-69
Jeffries, D.J. (1993). Otter mortalities due to commercial fishing, 1975-1992 pp. 25-29. In: Morris, P.A. (ed.). Proceedings of the Natural Otter Conference, September 1992. The Mammal Society, Bristol. 48 pp.
Jena, J., D. Bhargava, J. Borah, and S. Dey. (2016). Notes on the o ccurrence of the Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra L.) in the Forest of Alaghat, Madhya Pradesh, India . IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, 33 (2): 59-63. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume33/Jena_et_al_2016.html
Jenkins, D. (1980). Ecology of otters in northern Scotland, I: Otter (Lutra lutra) breeding and dispersion in mid-Deeside, Aberdeenshire in 1974-79. The Journal of Animal Ecology, 49: 713-735.
Jenkins, D. and R.J. Harper. (1980). Ecology of otters in northern Scotland, II: Analyses of otter and mink faeces from Deeside N.E. Scotland in 1977-78. Journal of Animal Ecology, 49: 737-754.
Jessop, R.M. and F. Maguire. (1989). Norfolk otter survey 1988/89: implications for the status of the otter. Otter (Journal of the Otter Trust), 2(3): 9-12.
Jha, R.R., T. Silwal, G.M. Yoxon, K. Shahi, H. Nepali, and A.K. Joshi. (2020). Status of Otters in Nepal: A Link with Ancient Waterways and People. In: Regmi G. and F. Huettmann (eds). Hindu Kush-Himalaya Watersheds. (unable to confirm publication information)
Jiménez, B., M. Delibes, and S. Cabeza. (2009). My Animal decisions and conservation: The recolonization of a severely polluted river by the Eurasian otter. Animal Conservation,
Jimenez, J. (1986). The otter and its conservation in the Valencian region (E. Spain). IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, 1(2): 19-21. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Jimenez_1987.html
Jo, Y., O. Lee, T. Park, H. Kim, and J. Baccus. (2018). Current distribution and status of the Eurasian otter Lutra lutra in South Korea. Oryx, 1-4.
Jo, Y-K., C-M. Won, S.R. Fritts, M.C. Wallace, and J. T. Baccus. (2017). Distribution and habitat models of the Eurasian otter Lutra lutra in South Korea. Journal of Mammalogy, 98(4): 1105-1117.
Johancik, I. (2005). Covert and cunning: the otter is back in Mayenne. Ouest-France, Mayenne edition, March 29, 2005. (unable to confirm publication)
Jolivet, Y. (2007). Otter surprise return. Pyrénées Magazine, 114: 74-79.
Joncour, G. and L. Lafontaine. (1987). Otter in Britain. In: Otter witnessed the degradation of wetlands, Erminea, 5: 31-33.
Jones, T. and D. Jones. (2004). Otter survey of Wales. Environment Agency, Wales, 6 pp.
Jonge Poerink, B. and R. Huls. (1987). Organische microverontreinigingen en zware metalen in Friese otterhabitats. Stichting Otterstation Nederland & Provincie Friesland, Hoofdgroep Waterstaat en Milieu [Organic micro-pollutants and heavy metals in Frisian otter habitats. Otterstation Netherlands & Province of Friesland Foundation, Main Group Water Management and Environment]. 101 pp.
Jönsson, J.C., B.O. Lund, and I, Brandt. (1993). Adrenocorticolytic DDT-metabolites: Studies in mink, Mustela vison and otter, Lutra lutra. Ecotoxicol.[Ecotoxicology], 2: 41-53.
Joshi, A.S., V.M. Tumsare, A.K. Nagar, A.K. Mishra, and M.P. Pariwakam. (2016). Photographic Records of Eurasian Otter Lutra lutra from the Central Indian Landscape. IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, 33(1): 73-78. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume33/Joshi_et_al_2016.html
Jourde, P. (2008). Protecting otters and mink: Survey of road fatalities of a threatened species. Brochure LIFE-LPO, 2 pp. (unable to cofirm acronym definitons)
Jourde, Ph. (200?). Results of ten years of surveys Otter in Charente-Maritime. Arvicola, (unable to confirm year and publication information)
Jubault, F. (1980). Reintroduction of otters in Haute Savoie. Rapp. DDA-FRAPNA. [DDA- Fédération Rhône-Alpes de Protection de la Nature] 65 pp.
Juhász, K., B.A. Lukács, M. Perpék, S.A. Nagy, and Z. Végvári. (2013). Effects of extensive fishpond management and human disturbance factors on Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra L.1758) populations in Eastern Europe. North-Western Journal of Zoology, 9: 227-238.
Jung, J-Y., K. Lee, H-J. Seo, Y.S. Cho, Y-D. Kim, J-H. Kim, B.J. So, and E-J. Choi (2018). Ectopic migration of Dirofilaria immitis in a Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra) in Korea. Korean Journal of Veterinary Research, 58(2): 107-109.
Jurajda P., V. Prasek, and K. Roche. (1996). The automnal diet of otter inhabiting four streams in the Czech Republic. Folia Zoologica, 45(1): 9-16.
Jurajda, P. and K. Roche.(1996). Effects of pond management on otter (Lutra lutra) food sources in waters adjacent to ponds. Fish Farms: Proceedings of the International Workshop. Litschau, Austria. 8-9 February 1996. pp. 89-94.
Jurisch, C., Geidezis, L. (1997). Minimum passage rate of fishes through the digestive tract of otters Lutra lutra Linne, 1758 (Mustelidae). Mammalia, 61: 123-126.
Top
Kadlecik, J. and P. Urban. (1998). Slovakian project on otters: A basis for an action plan for the Eurasian otter in Slovakia. Proceedings VII International Otter Colloquium. March 14-19, 1998, Trebon, Czech Republic. pp. 157-159 https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume19A/Trebon-III.pdf
Kafle, G. (2007). Status and conservation of Ramsar sites and associated biodiversity in Nepal with emphasis on Ghodaghodi Lake Area. A M.Sc. thesis submitted to Institute of Forestry, Pokhara, Nepal.
Kafle, G. (2008). Otters in Nepal: Urgent Need for Action! Journal of Wetlands Ecology,1(1/2): 1.
Kafle, G. (2009). Review on research and conservation of otters in Nepal, IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, 26(1): 32-43. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume26/Kafle_2009.html
Kafle, G. (2011). Otter research and conservation project in wetlands of high hills, Nepal: A final research report submitted to Rufford Small Grants Foundation, UK. 17 pp.
Kahn, M.B., K.B. Ahmed, M.S. Awan, U. Ali, R.A. Minhas, and S.A. Choudary. (2012). Distribution, population status and habitat utilization of common otter (Lutra lutra) in Neelum Valley, Azad Jammu and Kashmir. Pakistan Journal of Zoology, 44(1): 233-239.
Kalz, B., K. Jewgenow, and J. Fickel. (2006). Structure of an otter (Lutra lutra) population in Germany: Results of DNA and hormone analyses from faecal samples. Mammalian Biology, 71: 321-335.
Kamalakannan, M. and J.K. De. (2017). Comparative hair morphology of the Indian Otter species: Aonyx cinerea, Lutra lutra, and Lutrogale perspicillata (Mustelidae: Carnivora: Mammalia) Journal of Entomology and Zoology Studies, 5(3): 826-828.
Kang, S., J. Kang, and S. Kim. et al. (2015). Trace element analysis of three tissues from Eurasian otters (Lutra lutra) in South Korea. Ecotoxicology, 24:1064-1072.
Kao, C-F., L-J. Chang, Y. Lee, and P-H. Chang. (2016). Case report: A chronic b-cell leukemia in a Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra). Taiwan Veterinary Journal (Special Issue on Aquatic Wildlife and Zoo Animals), 42(1): 41-46.
Karamanlidis, A.A., K. Hornigold, L. Krambokaukis, G. Papakostas, K. Stephanidis, and L. Quaglietta. (2014). Occurrence, food habits, and activity patterns of Eurasian otters Lutra lutra in northwestern Greece: Implications for research and conservation. Mammalia, 78: 1-5.
Karami, M., R. Mirzaei, and M. Hamzehpour. (2006). Status of Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra) in Iran IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, 23(1): 27-33. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume23/Karami_et_al_2006.html
Kauhala, K. (1996). Distributional history of the American mink (Mustela vison) in Finland with special reference to the trends in otter (Lutra lutra) populations. Annales Zoologici Fennici, 33: 283-291.
Kean, E.F., C.T. Müller, and E.A. Chadwick. (2011). Otter scent signals, age, sex, and reproductive status. Chemical Senses, 36(6): 555-564.
Kean, E.F., E.A. Chadwick, and C.T. Müller.(2015). Scent signals individual identity and country of origin in otters. Mammalian Biology, 80: 99-105.
Kelkar, N. (2013). The Ganges Otters. Asian Otter Conservation Workshop. 25th- 30th November 2013, Bengaldura, India.
Kelway, P. (1987). Juggles My Otter. Ed Ouest-France, Rennes. 201 pp.
Kemenes, I. (1991). Otter distribution, status and conservation problems in Hungary. IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, 6: 22-24 https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume6/Kemenes_1991.html
Kemenes, I. and A. Demeter. (1995). A predictive model of the effect of environmental factors on the occurrence of otters in Hungary. Hystrix, 7(1-2): 209-218.
Kemenes, I. and G. Nechay. (1990). The food of otters in different habitats in Hungary. Acta Theriologica, 35(1-2): 17-24.
Kemenes, I. and.A. Demeter. (1994). Uni-and multivariate analyses of the effects of environmental factors on the occurence of otters (Lutra lutra) in Hungary. Annls hist.-nat. Mus. nat. hung.[Annales historico-naturales Musei nationalis hungarici], 86: 133-138.
Kempf, C. (1982). La disparition de la loutre en Alsace [The disappearance of the otter in Alsace]. Ciconia, 6: 65.
Kempf, C. and G. Baumgart. (1980). Otter. In: Mammals of Alsace. Ed The Gesta guides, Strasbourg, 230-233.
Kent, V. (2015). Making otters count: A citizen science approach to surveying for otters (Lutra lutra) in north east England. Proceedings European Otter Workshop. 8-11 June 2015, Stockholm, Sweden and IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, 33(A): 3-8. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume33A/Kent_2015.html
Kervern, A. (2010). The Awakening Otter-Grand Almanac Japanese poetic, book 2. Spring. Ed Wild Oats. 134 pp.
Ketmaier, V. and C. Bernardini. (2005). Structure of the mitochondrial control region of the Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra: Carnivora, Mustelidae): Patterns of genetic heterogeneity and implications for conservation of the species in Italy. Journal of Heredity, 96: 318-328.
Keymer, I.F., G.A.H. Wells, C.F. Mason, and S.M. Macdonald. (1988). Pathological changes and organochlorine residues in tissues of wild otters Lutra lutra. Veterinary Record, pp. 153-155.
Khan, W.A. and H.B. Bhagat. (2010). Otter Conservation in Pakistan. IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, 27(2): 89-92. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume27/Khan_Bhagat_2010.html
Khan, W.A. and M. Quasim. (2010). Otter survey in Indus eco-region: Otter population estimation. WWF Pakistan, Internal Report. 167 pp.
Khatiwara, S. and Bhutia, K.C. (2020).A Distribution Survey for Otters In Sikkim, India.IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin,37(4): 212-218. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume37/Khatiwara_Bhutia_2020.html
Ki, J.S, D.S. Hwang, T.J. Park, S.H. Han, and J.S. Lee. (2010). A comparative analysis of the complete mitochondrial genome of the Eurasian otter Lutra lutra (Carnivora; Mustelidae). Molecular Biology Report, 37(4):1943-1955.
Kim, H., M. Ando, S. Han, H. Sasaki, and H. Ogawa. (2011). Recovery of the Eurasian otter Lutra lutra in Korea and the change in public attitude. Proceedings of XIth International Otter Colloquium. IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, 28(B): 85-90. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume28B/Kim_et_al_2011.html
Kim, Y.K., E. Lee, J.W. Oh, and S.Y. Han. (2018). Sexual dimorphism of craniomandibular size in the Eurasian otter Lutra lutra from South Korea. Journal of Veterinary Medical Science, 80(4): 594-600.
Kingston, S., M. O'Connell, and J.S. Fairley. (1999). Diet of otters Lutra lutra on Inishmore, Aran islands, west coast of Ireland. Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy, 99B(3): 173-182.
Klenke, R. (1998). Habitat suitability and apparent density of the Eursian otter in Saxony (Germany). Proceedings VII International Otter colloquium. March 14-19, 1998, Trebon, Czech Republic. pp. 167-171. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume19A/Trebon-III.pdf
Klenke, R., A. Tschierschke, B. Gruber, S. Lampa, U. Hempel, S. Geissler, C. Helm, J. Kalbitz, J. Kaulfuss, Z. Liu, C. Meichsner, and K. Henle. (2008). Räumliche und zeitliche Aktivitätsmuster von Fischottern (Lutra lutra Linnaeus, 1758) anhand von frischen Markierungsfunden in einer Teichlandschaft [Spatial and temporal activity patterns of otters (Lutra lutra Linnaeus, 1758) based on fresh marker finds in a pond landscape]. Säugetierkundliche Informationen [Mammalian information], 6: 209-226.
Klenke, R., I. Ring, K. Schwerdtner Máñez Costa, R. Habighorst, V. Weiss, H. Wittmer, B. Gruber, S. Lampa, and K. Henle. (2013). Otters in Saxony: A story of successful conflict resolution. (2008). In: Klenke, R, I. Ring, A. Kranz, N. Jepsen, F. Rauschmayer, K. Henle. (Eds.). Human-wildlife conflicts in Europe: Fisheries and fish-eating vertebrates as a model case. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, New York.
Klenke, R., S. Kärner, K. Hertweck, S. Lampa, D. Heidecke, H. Ansorge, O. Zinke, B. Gruber, and K. Henle. (2001). Identification of individual otters (Lutra lutra) by the analysis of single footprints. Xith International Otter Colloquium. Hystrix, Supplement. (2011).
Klenke, R.A., I. Ring, K. Schwerdner Manez, K. Habighorst, V. Weiss, H. Wittner, B. Gruber, S. Lampa, and K. Henle. (2004). Otters in Saxony: A story of successful conflict resolution. Part I: Lessons learned from the analysis of model conflicts. pp.141-164. In: Klenke, R.A., K. Henle, I. Ring, A Kranz, N. Jepson, and F. Rauschmayer. (eds.). Human-Wildfife Conflict in Europe: Fisheries and Fish-eating Vertebrates. Springer: Environmental Sciences.
Kloskowski, J. (2000). The distribution of otter Lutra lutra spraints in relation to habitat exploitation in a fish-pond area, southeast Poland. Lutra, 43: 19-28.
Kloskowski, J. (2003). Damage caused by otters Lutra lutra fisheries in south-eastern Poland I: a survey. Wildlife Biology,11: 201-206.
Kloskowski, J. (2004). Damage caused by otters Lutra Lutra fish farms in south-eastern Poland II: The breeding of carp Cyprinus carpio common. Wildlife Biology, 11: 257-261.
Kloskowski, J. (2005a). Otter Lutra lutra damage at farmed fisheries in southeastern Poland, I: An interview survey. Wildlife Biology, 11: 201–206.
Kloskowski, J. (2005b). Otter Lutra lutra damage at farmed fisheries in southeastern Poland, II: Exploitation of common carp Cyprinus carpio. Wildlife Biology, 11: 257-26.
Knischewski, M. (1997). Freilandbeobachtungen am Eurasischen Fischotter (Lutra lutra L. 1758) auf Shetland [Field observations on the Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra L. 1758) on Shetland]. (unable to confirm publisher)
Knollseisen, M. (1996). Some aspects of the feeding ecology of otters (lutra lutra) in Turkey. IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, 13(1): 20. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume13/Knollseisen_1996.html
Knollseisen, M. (1998). Fischottervorkommen an Donau und March [Fish otters on the Danube and March]. Forschungsinstitut WWF Österreich [Research institute WWF Austria]. WWF Studie 32.
Knollseisen, M. and A. Kranz. (1996a). How many otters live `here'? A discussion about counting otters. Fish Farms: Proceedings of the International Workshop. Litschau, Austria. 8-9 February 1996. pp. 120-125.
Knollseisen, M. and A. Kranz. (1996b). Influence of different spraint sampling methods on the results of otter diet studies.. Fish Farms: Proceeding of the International Workshop. Litschau, Austria. 8-9 February 1996. pp. 37-45.
Knollseisen, M. and A. Kranz. (1998). Are there seasonal bottlenecks in food resources for otters feeding on artificial fish ponds in the Czech Republic? Proceedings VII International Otter Colloquium. March 14-19, 1998, Trebon, Czech Republic. pp.172-175. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume19A/Trebon-III.pdf
Koelewijn, H.P., M. Pérez-Haro, H.A.H. Jansman, M.V. Boerwinkel, J. Bovenschen, D.R. Lammertsma, F.J.J. Niewold, and A.T. Kuiters. (2010). The reintroduction of the Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra) into the Netherlands: Hidden life revealed by noninvasive genetic monitoring. Conservation Genetics, 11: 601-614.
Koepfli, K.P, B. Kanchanasaka, H. Sasaki, H. Jacques, K.D.Y. Louie,, N.X. Toanvong Hoai Dang, E. Geffen, A. Gutleb, S.Y. Han, T.M. Heggberget, L. Lafontaine, H. Lee, R. Melisch, J. Ruiz-Olmo, M. Santos-Reis, V.E. Sidorovich, M. Stubbe, and R.K.Wayne. (2008). Establishing the foundation for an applied molecular taxonomy of otters in Southeast Asia. Conservation Genetics, 9(6): 1589-1604.
Koepfli, K.P. and R.K. Wayne. (1998). Phylogenetic relationship of otters (Carnivora: Mustelidae) based on mitochondrial cytochromeb sequences. Journal of Zoology, 246: 401-416.
König C. and U. König. (1998a). Examination of blood samples of the Eurasian otter Lutra lutra. IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, 15(2): 79-82. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume15/Konig_Konig_1998.html
König C.U. and U. König. (1998b). Surgical intraperitoneal implantation: A practicable method to fit Eurasian otters with radios transmitters. Proceedings VII International Otter Colloquium. March 14-19, 1998, Trebon, Czech Republic. pp.176-180. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume19A/Trebon-III.pdf
Körbel, O. (1994). Hindering otter Lutra lutra road kills Part 1. IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, 10: 14-20. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume10/Korbel_1994.html
Körbel, O. (1995). Hindering otter Lutra lutra road kills. Part 2. IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, 11: 32-36. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume11/Korbel_1995.html
Körbel, O. (2001). Vermeidung der durch den Straßenverkehr bedingten Verluste von Fischottern (Lutra lutra) [Avoidance of losses of otters (Lutra lutra) due to road traffic]. Forschung Straßenbau und Straßenverkehrstechnik [Research on road construction and road traffic technology], Vol .805, Bonn, 56 pp. (in German).
Kortan, D., Z, Adamek, and P. Vrana. (2010). Otter Lutra lutra feeding pattern in the Kamenice River (Czech Republic) with newly established Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) population. Journal of Vertebrate Biology, 59(3): 223-230.
Kosmowska, A. and J. Romanowski. (2018). Otters Lutra lutra switch to costly territorial advertising when occurrence frequency increases. Mammal Study, 44(1): 65-67.
Koster, R. (2010). Development of otter crossing under 7 bridges in Luxembourg. Engineering Micha Bunusevac (L), slideshow communication Colloquium project completion, 24 and 25 September 2010, Wiltz (Grand-Duchy of Luxembourg): LIFE-Nature European Programme. (unable to confirm acronym definition)
Kozenn, I., P. Urban, I. Stouracova, and I. Mazur. (1992). The diet of the otter in the Polana protected landscape region. Folia Zoologica, 41(2): 107-122.
Kranz, A. (1994). Otters increasing - threats Increasing. IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin,10: 28-30. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume10/Kranz_1994a.html
Kranz, A. (1995a). Neues zum Fischotter im nördlichen Österreich [News about the otter in northern Austria]. Natur und Land [Nature and Land], 81: 12-15.
Kranz, A. (1995b). On the ecology of otters (Lutra lutra) in central Europe. Thesis, University of Agriculture, Vienna.
Kranz, A. (1996). Variability and seasonality in sprainting behaviour of otter Lutra lutraon a highland river in Central Europe. Lutra, 38: 33-44.
Kranz, A. (1999a). Fischotterschutz: Aktionsplan für Österreich [Otter protection: Action plan for Austria]. Schriftenreihe des Naturschutzbundes Niederösterreich [Series of publications by the Lower Austria Nature Conservation Union], 2/99:15pp. (in German).
Kranz, A. (1999c). Re-introduction of otters: A reply. IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, 16(1): 1-57. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume16/Kranz_1999.html
Kranz, A. (2000a). Otters (Lutra lutra) increasing in Central Europe: From the threat of extinction to locally perceived overpopulation? Mammalia, 64: 357-368.
Kranz, A. (2000b). Zur Situation des Fischotters in Österreich: Verbreitung, Lebensraum, Schutz [On the situation of the otter in Austria: distribution, habitat, protection] UBA Berichte Nr. 177 [UBA Reports No. 177]. 41 pp. 2000.
Kranz, A. and A. Toman. (2000). Otters recovering in man-made habitats in Central Europe. pp. 163-183. In: Griffiths, H.I. (ed.). Mustelids in a Modern World: Management and Conservation Aspects in Small Carnivores. Human interactions, Backhuys Publishers, Leiden, The Netherlands.
Kranz, A. and L. Polednik. (2015). Fischotter Verbreitung and Bestand 2014 in Kärnten [Otters in Carinthia: Distribution and population in 2014. Final report on behalf of the Office of the Carinthian State Government; 32 pages including four appendices]. (unable to confirm publication)
Kranz, A. and L. Poledník. (2020). Recolonization of the Austrian Alps by otters: Conflicts and management. Journal of Mountain Ecology, 13: 31-40.
Kranz, A., (2004a). Kein "Schwarzer Peter" für den Fischotter[ No "black peter" for the otter]. Natur und Land [Nature and Land],1,2 2004: 34-36. (in German).
Kranz, A., (2004b). Der Fischotter in der Steiermark Naturschutzbrief 1/2004, 14-15. [The otter in Styria Nature Protection Letter 1/2004, 14-15]. (in German).
Kranz, A., A. Toman, M. Knollseisen, and V. Prasek. (1998). Fish ponds in Central Europe: A rich but risky habitat for otters. Proceedings VII International Otter Colloquium. March, 14-19, 1998, Trebon, Czech Republic. pp. 181-186. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume19A/Trebon-III.pdf
Kranz, A., L. Polednik, and K. Poledniková. (2003a). Die Rückkehr des Fischotters. Des einen Freud, des anderen Leid.[The return of the otter. One man's meat is another man's suffering]. Weidwerkstatt-Wildforschung [Pasture workshop: Game research], 2: 1-8. (in German).
Kranz, A., L. Polednik, and K. Poledniková. (2003b). Fischotter im Mühlviertel: Ökologie undManagement Optionen im Zusammenhang mit Reduktionsanträgen. Gutachten im Auftrag des OÖ Landesjagdverbandes [Otter in the Mühlviertel: Ecology and management options in connection with reduction applications. Expert opinion on behalf of the Upper Austrian State Hunting Association]. Hohenbrunn, St. Florian [Hohenbrunn, St. Florian]. 73 pp. (in German).
Kranz, A., L. Polednik, K. Polednikova, and A. Toman. (2007). Otters in Central Europe: Status, habitats and new conflicts. Proceedings of the European Otter Conference "Return of the Otter in Europe-Where and How?" 14 pp.
Kranz, A., L. Polednik, M. Pavanello, and I. Kranz. (2013). Fischotterbestand in der Steiermark-Spurschneekartierungen 2010 - 2013. Endbericht. Graz [Otters in Kaernten: Distribution & stock in 2014. Final report commissioned by the Office of the State Government of Kaern. Graz.]
Kranz, A., M. Knollseisen, A.C. Gutleb, M. Elmeros, P.E.G. Leonards, and A. Toman. (1995). Aspects of the ecology of otters (Lutra lutra L.) in the Zabaikalski National Park, Siberia. Lutreola, 6: 9-12.
Kranz, A., Polednik, L., Pinter, V., Parz-gollner, R., Fischotter, S., (2001). Distribution, status and conservation of otters in Lower Austria Wiss. Mitt. Niederösterr [Distribution, status and conservation of otters in Lower Austria] Wiss. Mitt. Niederösterr. Landesmuseum [State Museum] 14: 39-50.
Kraus, E. (1988). Der Fischotter im Muhlviertel. In: Das Muhlviertel. Natur-Kultur-Leben. OÖ Landesausstellung 1988. Teil Beitrage, Amt der OÖ Landesregierung (Hg), Linz, 484 S. 179-187.[The otter in the Muhlviertel. pp. 179-187. In: The Muhlviertel. Nature-culture-life. Upper Austria State Exhibition 1988. Part of contributions, Office of the Upper Austria State Government (Hg), Linz. 484 pp.]
Kraus, E., H. Baschnegger, M. Bodner, J. Jahrl, and H. Seehofer. (1996). Fischotter-Kartierung Vorarlberg [Otter mapping Vorarlberg].1995. (unable to confirm publisher information)
Krawczyk, A. J. (2018). Feeding habits of the Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra) in small watercourses. Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznan, Poland. (unable to confirm piublisher information)
Krüger, H.H. and R. Kuhn. (2005). Nouveau type de clôture électrique destiné à limiter la prédation par la Loutre d'Europe dans les étangs de pisciculture [New type of electric fence intended to limit predation by the European otter in fish ponds]. Actes du 27è colloque francophone de mammalogie de la SFEPM [Proceedings of the 27th Francophone Mammalogy Symposium of the SFEPM (Société Française pour l’Etude et la Protection des Mammifères)]. pp. 129-130.
Krüger, H-H. (2020). Otters in captivity as ambassadors for wetland conservation. Journal of Mountain Ecology, Vol. 13. Proceedings of the I Congress of the Eurasian otters in the Alps: towards a common strategy across boundaries, Gran Paradiso National Park Valsavarenche, (AO, Italy), 10-12 October 2018.
Kruuk H. and R. Hewson (1978). Spacing and foraging of otters in a marine habitat. The Journal of Zoology (London), 185: 205-212
Kruuk H., J.W.H. Conroy, and A. Moorhouse. (1987). Seasonal reproduction, mortality and food of otters (Lutra lutra L.) in Shetland. Symposium of the Zoological Society of London, 58: 263-278.
Kruuk, H and J. W. H. Conroy. (1991). Mortality of otters (Lutra lutra) in Shetland. Journal of Applied Ecology, 28(1): 83-94.
Kruuk, H. (1992). Scent marking by otters (Lutra lutra): Signaling the use of resources. Behavioral Ecology, 3: 133-140.
Kruuk, H. (1995). Wild Otters: Predation and Populations. Oxford University Press. 290 pp.
Kruuk, H. (2006). Otters: Ecology, Behavior, and conservation. Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK.
Kruuk, H. (2014).Otters and eels: Long-term observations on declines in Scotland. IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, 3(1): 3-1. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume31/Kruuk_2014a.html
Kruuk, H. and A. Moorhouse. (1990). Seasonal and spatial differences in food selection by otters in Shetland. The Journal of Zoology (London). 221: 621-637.
Kruuk, H. and A. Moorhouse. (1991). The spatial organization of otters (Lutra lutra) in Shetland. Journal of Zoology, 224: 41-57.
Kruuk, H. and D. Balharry. (1990). Effects of sea water on thermal insulation of the otter. The Journal of Zoology (London), 220: 405-415.
Kruuk, H. and J.W.H. Conroy. (1996). Concentrations of some organochlorines in otters (Lutra lutra) in Scotland: Implications for populations. Environmental Pollution, 92(2): 165-171.
Kruuk, H., A. Moorhouse, J.W.H. Conroy, L. Durbin, and S. Frears. (1989). An estimate of numbers and habitat preferences of otters Lutra lutra in Shetland, UK. Biological Conservation, 49(4): 241-254.
Kruuk, H., and D.N. Carss. (1996). Costs and benefits of fishing by a semi-aquatic carnivore, the otter Lutra lutra. In:Greenstreet, S.P.R. and M.L. Tasker, M. (eds.): Aquatic Predators and their Prey. Blackwell Science Ltd., Oxford.
Kruuk, H., B. Kanchanasaka, S. 0'Sullivan. and Wanghongsa, S. (1993). Identification of tracks and other sign of three species of otter, Lutra lutra, Lutra perspicillata and Aonyx cinerea in Thailand. Natural History Bulletin of the Siam Society, 41, 23-30.
Kruuk, H., B. Kanchanasaka, S. O'Sullivan, and S. Wanghongsa. (1994). Niche separation in three sympatric otters Lutra perspicilatta,L. lutra and Aonyx cinereal in Huai Kha Khaeng. Biological Conservation Thailand News, 69: 115-120.
Kruuk, H., C. Jones, G.W. Mcclaren, G, M.L. Gorman, and J.W.H. Conroy. (1997). Changes in age composition in populations of the Eurasian otter Lutra lutra in Scotland. Journal of Zoology, 243: 853-857.
Kruuk, H., D. Wansink, and A. Moorhouse. (1990). Feeding patches and diving success of otters in Shetland. Oikos, 57: 68-72.
Kruuk, H., D.N. Carss, J.W.H. Conroy, and L. Durbin. (1993). Otter (Lutra lutra L.) numbers and fish productivity in rivers in northeast Scotland. Symposia of the Zoological Society of London, 65: 171-191.
Kruuk, H., D.N. Carss, J.W.H. Conroy, and M.J. Gaywood. (1998). Habitat use and conservation of otters in Britain: A review. pp.119-131. In: Dunstone, N. and M.L. Gorman (eds.). Behaviour and Ecology of Riparian Mammals. Part of the Symposia of the Zoological Society of London 71. Cambridge University Press, New York. 391 pp.
Kruuk, H., E. Balharry, and P.T. Taylor. (1994). Oxygen consumption of the Eurasian otter Lutra lutra in relation to water temperature. Physiological Zoology, 67: 1174-1185.
Kruuk, H., J. W. H. Conroy, U. Glimmerveen, and E. J. Ouwerkerk. (1986). The use of spraints to survey populations of otters Lutra lutra. Biological Conservation, 35: 187-194.
Kruuk, H., J.W.H. Conroy, and A. Webb. (1997). Concentrations of mercury in otters (Lutra lutra) in Scotland in relation to rainfall. Environmental Pollution, 96(1): 13-18.
Kruuk, H., P.T. Taylor, and G.A.T. Tom. (1997). Body temperature and foraging behaviour of the Eurasian otter in relation to water temperature. The Journal of Zoology (London). 241: 689-697.
Kruuk. H. and Conroy, J.W.H. (1987). Surveying otter Lutra lutrapopulations: a discussion of problems with spraints. Biol. Conserv. 41: 179-183.
Kucerová, M. (1998). Legal aspects of otter conservation in the Czech Republic. Proceedings VII International Otter Colloquium. March 14-19, 1998, Trebon, Czech Republic. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume19A/Trebon-III.pdf
Kucerová, M. (1999). Otters and fisheries: Workshop Report. IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, 16(1): 26-31. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume16/Kucerova_1999.html
Kucerová, M. and K. Roche. (1999). Otter conservation in the Trebon Biosphere Reserve and Protected Landscape Area: Scientific background and management recommendations. Council of Europe T-PVS (2000) 20. (unable to confirm acronym definitions)
Kucharczyk, D. (2012). A triathlete taken to hospital after being attacked and bitten by an otter. pop'n'sport Website, 17/07/2012.
Kuem Hee, J., S. Ryu, and U.W. Hwang. (2009). Mitochondrial genome of the Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra) (Mammalia, Carnivora, Mustelidae). Genes and Genomics, 31(1): 19-27.
Kuhn R, and W. Meyer. (2010). A note on the specific cuticle structure of wool hairs in otters (Lutrinae). Zoological Science, 27(10): 826-829.
Kuhn R. (2005). Détermination des espèces de loutres (Lutrinae) à l'aide de la structurefine de leurs poils: Concept et objectifs du projet [Determination of otter species Lutrinae. Using the fine structure of their hairs: Concept and objectives of the project]. Actes du 27è colloque francophone de mammalogie de la SFEPM Proceedings of the 27th Francophone Mammalogy Symposium of the SFEPM [Société Française pour l’Etude et la Protection des Mammifères]. pp. 183-185.
Kuhn R. (2016). Rapport d’activités 2015-2016 et bilan final du Plan National d’Actions en faveur de la Loutre d’Europe (2010-2015) [2015-2016 Activity report and final assessment of the National Action Plan for the European Otter (2010-2015)]. SFEPM [Société Française pour l’Etude et la Protection des Mammifères]. 95 pp. + annexes.
Kuhn R., F. Simonnet, C. Arthur, and V. Barthélemy. (2019). Plan national d’actions en faveur de la Loutre d’Europe (Lutra lutra) 2019-2028.[National Action Plan for the European Otter (Lutra lutra) 2019-2028] SFEPM [Société Française pour l’Etude et la Protection des Mammifères] & DREAL [Direction Régionale de l’Environnement, de l’Aménagement et du Logement]. Nouvelle-Aquitaine, Poitiers, 89 pp.
Kuhn, R, (2014). The French National otter Lutra lutra (Linnaeus, 1758) Action Plan. Munibe Monographs. Nature Series. 3: 145-149. DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.21630/mmns.2014.3.12
Kuhn, R. (2000). Importance of the Baie de l'Aiguillon to the otter population in Europe in the Marais Poitevin. Thesis. University of La Rochelle/La Rochelle MHN/ ONCFS [Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle /Office National de la Chasse et de la Faune Sauvage], 39 pp.
Kuhn, R. (2001). Study of the occupation and use of the food resources of two coastal areas of the Atlantic seaboard by the European otter. Baie de l'Aiguillon and Ile d'Oléron (France) Mem. DES, UZR, Univ. Liège, 46 pp. (unable to confirm acronym definitions)
Kuhn, R. A. (2010). Note on Hair-Sampling Devices for Eurasian Otters. IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, 27(2): 98-104. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume27/Kuhn_2010.html
Kuhn, R. and H. Jacques. (2010). Post mortem procedures in France.pp. 24-27. In: Post mortem tools for otter: monitoring and research. IUCN Otter Specialist Group Workshop. February 2010, NERI [National Environmental Research Institute of Denmark].
Kuhn, R. et al. (2010). National Action Plan for the European Otter (Lutra lutra), 2010-2015. French Society for the study and protection of mammals/Ministry of Ecology, Energy, Sustainable Development and the Sea. 111 pp.
Kuhn, R., and Jacques, H.. (2011) The French Action Plan for the Eurasian Otter. Proceedings of XIth International Otter Colloquium, IUCN Otter Spec. Group Bull. 28B: 91 – 100 https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume28B/Kuhn_Jacques_2011.html
Kuhn, R., et al. (2011). Otter Europe. Encyclopedia Carnivores of France, SFEPM. [Société Française pour l’Etude et la Protection des Mammifères]. 72 pp
Kuiters, A.T., G.A. de Groot, D.R. Lammertsma, H.A.H. Jansman & J. Bovenschen (2020). Genetic monitoring of the Dutch otter population: Trends in population size and genetic status 2019/2020. Wageningen, The Statutory Research Task Unit for Nature and the Environment (WOT Natuur & Milieu), WOt-technical report.
Kumari, P., K. Dong, K.Y. Eo, W-S. Lee, J. Kimura, and N. Yamamoto. (2019). DNA metabarcoding-based diet survey for the Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra): Development of a Eurasian otter-specific blocking oligonucleotide for 12S rRNA gene sequencing for vertebrates. PLoS ONE 14(12): e0226253. ? DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0226253
Kurstjens, G. (2010). Reintroduction of the otter in the Netherlands: Results and perspectives: Study of the potential return of the otter in the basins of the Rhine and the Meuse. Kurstjens, Ecologisch Adviesbureau-Limburg (NL), slideshow communication. Colloquium project completion, 24 and 25 September 2010, Wiltz (Grand-Duchy of Luxembourg)-LIFE-Nature European Programme. (unable to confirm acronym definition)
Kusumawardhani, L., R. Melisch, and P.B. Asmoro. (1994). Menguak misteri berang-berang [Discover the mystery of otters]. PKBSI [Perhimpunan Kabun Binatang Se.Indonesia or the Indonesian Zoos and Aquariums Association]. Among Satwa Mrih Lestari, 62: 20-2
Kuznetzov, G., K. Baranouskas, and Pham Trong Han. (1993). The Eurasian otter on the Thainguen plateau (Vietnam). IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, 8: 8-13. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume8/Kuznetzov_et_al_1993.html
Kyne, M.J. and J.S. Fairley. (1990). A summer survey of otter sign on Roundstone Bog, South Connemara. Irish Naturalists’ Journal, 230(7): 237-292.
Kyne, M.J., C.M. Smal, and J.S. Fairley. (1989).The food of ottersLutra lutra in the Irish midlands and a comparison with that of mink Mustela vison in the same region. Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy, B: 33-46.
Top
Laanetu, N. and R. Veenpere. (1971). Pine Marten and river otter in Estonia and methods of their bagging. Kirjastus “Valgus”, Tallinn.[Publishing house “Valgus”, Tallinn].
Lafontaine, L. (1991a). The otter and the road. DRAE-Bretagne/PNRA Report, SOS Network Otters, 115 pp + appendices.(unable to confirm acronym definitions)
Lafontaine, L. (1991b). The Otter in Britain. Distribution hydrographic areas. Inventory from 1986 to 1990. in: Otter and the Road. Otters SOS Network/DRAE Britain/PNR Armorica. 115 pp. + Annexes. (unable to confirm acronym definitions)
Lafontaine, L. (1992). Briefing Note on préconisables arrangements for the European otter on the CD between 123 and St. Agnant Marennes (Charente Maritime). Otters SOS Network, Rapp. General Council of Charente Maritime. (unable to confirm acronym definitions)
Lafontaine, L. (1993). Distribution of Lutra lutra in Brittany and first Preventive measures against road traffic. IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, 8: 37-39. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume8/Lafontaine_1993.html
Lafontaine, L. (1995a). A semi-aquatic predator danger, the European otter. In: Curious by Nature, natural heritage of Britain: terrestrial mammals. Regional Council of Brittany & DIRENs: 73-79 (Rééd. Ouest-France, 1997). (unable to confirm acronym definition)
Lafontaine, L. (1995b). European Seminar on protection of otter, Leeuwarden, The Netherlands, 7-11 June 1994. SFEPM [Société Française pour l’Etude et la Protection des Mammifères] Bulletin, 29: 26-27.
Lafontaine, L. (1995c). Managing wetlands and riparian habitats for semiaquatic mammals of community interest (European otter, beaver, mink ,Europe). Agri-environmental measures, the Fund Management Farm Houses. Water Act (SAGEs), Habitats Directive (Natura 2000 network). European Programme objectives 5b/PNR [ Brittany/Finistère General Council. (unable to confirm acronym definitions and publication)
Lafontaine, L. (1995d). Restoration and maintenance of rivers, land and plumbing work. Model specifications for the consideration of the Europe & other semi-aquatic mammals: Otter. Maintenance of a "Forest Continuity and minimum shrub." Note to CSRPN Brittany. (unable to confirm acronym definition and publication)
Lafontaine, L. (1995e). Seminaire Europeen sur la protection de la loutre [European seminar on the protection of the otter]. Bullletin Société Française pour l’Etude et la Protection des Mammifères 29: 26-27.
Lafontaine, L. (1998). Otter: Alarm siren for water quality and aquatic environments. Water & Rivers of Brittany, 103: 2-4.
Lafontaine, L. (2001a). Document Natura 2000 Objectives Scorff Saar: Risk assessment of road deaths (CMA) that have hydraulic structures vis-à-vis the European otter. Rapp. GMB [Groupe Mammalogique Breton]/SOS-Loutres/Diren-Bretagne/Syndicat Network Scorff. (unable to confirm first and third acronym definitions and publication)
Lafontaine, L. (2001b). European otter on the basins of Hyères and Blavet: Diagnosis of hydraulic structures. Contribution to the Objectives Document/Natura 2000 on behalf of GALCOB. (subcontracting FCBE [Forces Cauris pour un Bénin emergent]). (unable to confirm publication and first acronym definition)
Lafontaine, L. (2001c). Objectives Document Scorff Saar (56). Risk assessment routiere mortality (CMA) that have hydraulic structures vis-à-vis the European otter. Diagnosis for the Union Scorff Natura 2000 site operator. + Digital File card. (unable to confirm acronym definition)
Lafontaine, L. (2001d). Study of the European otter Lutra lutra L. the Gorges du Daoulas (Côtes d'Armor) and management recommendations of its habitats. RN 16-Deviations Gouarec and St Gelven, Impact Assessment under the Habitats Directive, Contribution. (unable to confirm publication)
Lafontaine, L. (2002). Validating the presence of otters in Suisse Normande. Otters SOS Network Expert. Group of the IUCN Otter, 2 pp. (unable to confirm publication)
Lafontaine, L. (2005a). Decline and return, other threats and causes regression protective strategies. In: Otter and other Aquatic Mammals Britain. Collection The Naturalists Cahiers de Bretagne. Mammal Assemblage Group Breton Editions Biotope. Meze, 69-73 and 81-96. (unable to confirm publisher)
Lafontaine, L. (2005b). Memory Water Dog. In: Otter and other Aquatic Mammals Britain. Collection. The Naturalists Cahiers de Bretagne. Mammal Assemblage Group Breton Editions Biotope, Meze, 47-55. (unable to confirm publisher)
Lafontaine, L. (2005c). Otter, a sensitive indicator of pollution. (unable to confirm publication)
Lafontaine, L. (2005d). Reintroductions? [Charter SFEPM and IUCN Advisory Committee]. In: Otter and Other Aquatic Mammals Britain. Naturalists Collection Cahiers de Bretagne. Mammal assemblage group Breton Editions Biotope. Meze, 95-96. (unable to confirm publisher)
Lafontaine, L. (2005e). The Otter siren.In: Otter and Other Aquatic Mammals Britain. Collection, The Naturalists Cahiers de Bretagne. Mammal Assemblage Group Breton. (unable to confirm publication)
Lafontaine, L. (2005f). The otter, witnessed the health of aquatic environments. In: Otter and Other Aquatic Mammals Britain. Collection, Te Naturalists Cahiers de Bretagne, Mammal Assemblage Group Breton Editions Biotope, Meze, pp. 43-96.(unable to confirm publisher)
Lafontaine, L. (Coord), B. Solomon, J.J The Gouic, and F. and C. Pillet Guihard. (1999). Distribution of the European otter Lutra lutra L.: Basins Scorff and Saar and management recommendations of its habitats. Contribution Targeting/ Natura 2000 Riviere Scorff Pontcalleck Forest, River Saar. Document Rapp. GMB/Diren Britain/Union Scorff, 48 pp. (unable to confirm acronym definition and publication)
Lafontaine, L. (Coord), V. Lefebvre, D. Guegan, M. Riou, E. Hamon, and J. and C. Piquet Macler. (2000). Otters in Britain: status and distribution. Rapp. DRAE [Délégation Régionale à l'Architecture et à l'Environnement], Rennes. 44 pp.
Lafontaine, L. (Coord), V. Lefebvre, D. Guegan, M. Riou, E. Hamon, and J. and C. Piquet Macler. (2000). Refreshing the status of the European otter Lutra lutra L. in the watershed Léguer (Côtes d'Armor) and management recommendations of its habitats. Studies prior to the Contract restoration and maintenance Légue Rapp. GMB [Groupe Mammalogique Breton]/SOS Otters Network in collaboration with the Regional Centre Introduction to River Belle-Isle-en-Terre on behalf of the Association for the Protection and Enhancement of the Valley of Leaving. 52 pp. (unable to confirm definition of second acronym)
Lafontaine, L. (Rapp.), C. Caroff, P. Le Goff, P. and G. Pénicaud Poho. (1996). Inventory major areas operated by the remarkable Mammals Natural Gorges de Toul-Goulic/Valleys Blavet and St George (Côtes d'Armor). Rapp. GMB [Groupe Mammalogique Breton]/Network SOS-Loutres/Conseil General Armor/Community of Communes of the Côtes-Kreiz Breizh. (unable to confirm second acronym definition and publication)
Lafontaine, L. and D. Carcreff. (1992). Status and distribution of European otter in the basin of Scorff. Implications director of natural heritage management scheme and the objectives of the contract valley. Scorff Report to the Union. (unable to confirm publication)
Lafontaine, L. and E. Fortumeau. (1995f). The otter in Britain: Occupancy space criteria according to various environmental parameters. European Objective 5b programs. Brittany Regional Council. 35 pp. (unable to confirm publication)
Lafontaine, L. and G. and P. Joncour Ménanteau. (1990). Otters and bio-accumulating pollutants: First data for western France. IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, 5: 51-60. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume5/Lafontaine_Joncour_Menanteau_1990.html
Lafontaine, L. and G. Liles. (2002). Trafffic mortalities of otter and road-passes: A database. IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, 19(1): 21-24. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume19/Lafontaine_Liles_2002.html
Lafontaine, L. and G. Liles. (2008). Examples of works arranged for otter in France and Europe: Synthesis assay and perspectives. Proceedings of the 4th Love "Roads and wildlife" (Transport infrastructure and small animals). Symposium SETRA [Service Technique des Routes et Autoroutes]/Ministry of Transport, Ministry of Ecology and Sustainable Development. 21-22 September. 2005, Chambéry. 4 pp.
Lafontaine, L. and G. Poho. (1997). Expertise fauna of streams of the common Plusquellec, Côtes d'Armor. GMB [Groupe Mammalogique Breton]/SOS Otters/22 Challenge-FGER Network. (unable to confirm second and third acronym definitions)
Lafontaine, L. and L.F De Alencastro (ed.) et al. (1999). Contamination of aquatic biological communities by pesticides and PCBs. Development of a complementary evaluation method through an integrative biomarker, the European otter. CORPEP [Cellule d’Orientation Régionale pour la Protection des Eaux contre les Pesticides] /Agency Loire-Brittany Water/European programs objectives 5b/ Union Scorff. 75pp.
Lafontaine, L. and L.F. De Alencastro (1999). Statut de la loutre d'europe et contamination par les PCBS: éléments de synthèse et perspectives [Status of the European otter and contamination by PCBS: Summary elements and perspectives]. Actes du 23è colloque francophone de mammalogie [Proceedings of the 23rd Francophone Mammalogy Symposium of the SFEPM (Société Française pour l’Etude et la
Lafontaine, L., D. Montfort, X. Moyon, J.P. Paillat, and F. Signoret. (2005). Mortalité routière et "passages à loutres" et à "petite faune" aménagés: instauration d'une base de données interrégionale à partir de quelques exemples mis en oeuvre en France [Road mortality and "otter passages" and "small fauna" developed: Establishment of an interregional database from a few examples implemented in France]. Actes du 27è colloque Francophone de Mammalogie de la SFEPM [Société Française pour l’Etude et la Protection des Mammifères]. Proceedings of the 27th Francophone Mammalogy Symposium of the SFEPM. pp. 131-147.
Lafontaine, L., E. and S. Fortumeau Mainsant. (1998). Influence of habitat quality on factoring otter Lutra lutra L. distribution in Brittany, NW France: A statistical approach for Assessing recolonization probabilities. In: Rozmberks Society (Ed.), VII International Otter Colloquium, 14-20 March 1998. Trebon, Czech Republic. pp. 191-197.
Lafontaine, L., E. Fortumeau, X. Grémillet, V. Lefebvre, P. Le Goff, J.L Jeanne Roberts, J. and G. Ros Sourget. (1993). Passages small wildlife. Permeability of hydraulic structures constructed for the Europe vis-à-vis the semi-aquatic or terrestrial wildlife: Otter. Min. Approx., DNP (SDAP). 25 pp. (unable to confirm acronym definitions)
Lafontaine, L., F. Léger, P. Fournier, P. Berny, G. Veron, F. Mutu, and H. and L. Jacques Mercier. (2005). Optimizing the national collection and storage of specimens of aquatic mammals: From the perspective of a better scientific development. In: "Conservation of the Otter", Proceedings of the XXVII Conference of Francophone Mammalogy, 9 & 10 October 2004, Limoges (87). Ed SFEPM [Société Française pour l’Etude et la Protection des Mammifères]/GMHL [Groupe Mammalogique et Herpétologique du Limousin]: 151-166.
Lafontaine, L., F. Léger, P. Fournier, P. Berny, G. Veron, F. Mutu, and H. and L. Jacques. (2004). Inventory otter methodologies. (unable to confirm publication)
Lafontaine, L., S. Hassani, V. Pereira da Silva, F. Simonin and Robert. (2005). Impact of the Erika oil spill on the European Otter (coastal and island) and gray seals. in: "Conservation of the Otter". Proceedings of the XXVII Conference of Francophone Mammalogy, 9 & 10 October 2004 Limoges (87). Ed SFEPM/ GMHL [Société Française pour l’Etude et la Protection des Mammifères/Groupe Mammalogique et Herpétologique du Limousin]. pp.101-112.
Lafontaine, L., X. Grémillet, G. Joncour, P. Le Goff, G. Sourget, J. Ros, M. Raynaud, and D. and E. Cadiou Fortumeau. (1994). Taking into account the 1994 needs of otters: Lutra lutra falling on habitat work schemes in Brittany, NW France, with reference to the costs. in: Seminar on the Conservation of the European otter (Lutra lutra). Leeuwarden, The Netherlands, 6-11 June 1994. Council of Europe (Ed.): Environmental Encounters Series, 24.
Lafontaine, L., X. Gremillet, G. Joncur, P. Le Goff, G. Sourget, J. Ros, M. Raynaud, D. Cadiou, and E. Fortumeau. (1994). Taking into account the needs of otters during habitat work schemes in Brittany, NW France: With reference to the costs.Conseil de l'Europe, Rencontres environnement [Council of Europe, Environment Meetings], 24: 171-174.
Lafontaine. L. and J. Luis-Olm. (2000). Pollution and Its effects on otter populations in south-western Europe. (unable to confirm publication)
Lafontaine. L. and L.F. De Alencastro. (2002). Eurasia 2002: Status of the otter (Lutra lutra L.) and fish contamination by polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs): Synthetic elements and perspectives. "Study and Conservation of Carnivores", Proceedings of the 23rd Symposium Francophone Mammalogy, SFEPM [Société Française pour l’Etude et la Protection des Mammifères], Maisons-Alfort,1999: pp.113-119.
Lahbib S. and A. El Ghezal. (2005). Contribution to the survey of the Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra Linnaeus (1758) in Northwestern Tunisia (Khroumirie-Mogods Area). Tunisian Japanese Seminar on Culture, Science and Technology, TJCST-2005 6th Edition. 7-12 November, 2005. Sousse, Tunisia.
Lammertsma, D., F. Niewold, H. Jansman, L. Kuiters, H.P. Koelewijn, M. Perez Haro, M. van Adrichem, M-C. Boerwinkel, and J. Bovenschen. (2006). Herintroductie van de otter: een succesverhaal? [Reintroduction of the otter: a success story]. De Levende Natuur, 107: 42-46.
Lammertsma, D.F. and N.W. van den Brink. (2012). A short note on the effects of pollutants on the European otter (Lutra lutra). Animal Ecology, Wageningen Research, Wageningen Environmental Research. [unable to locate additional publication information]
Lammertsma, D.F., F.J.J. Niewold, H.A.H.Jansmam, and A. Kuiters. (2003). Otters opsporen: ervaringen in het eerste jaar van uitzetten [Tracking otters: Experiences in the first year of restocking]. Zoogdier, [Mammal], 14(4): 13-17. (in Dutch).
Lammertsma, D.R. and F.J.J. Niewold. (2016). Otter: Lutra lutra. In: Atlas van de Nederlandse zoogdieren [Atlas of the Dutch mammals]. Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Wageningen University & Research Center.
Lammertsma, D.R., F.J.J. Niewold, and A.T. Kuiters. (2010). The reintroduction of the Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra) into the Netherlands: Hidden life revealed by noninvasive genetic monitoring. Conservation Genetics, 11: 601-614.
Lampa, S., B. Gruber, K. Henle, and M. Hoehn. (2007). An optimisation approach to increase DNA amplification success of otter faeces. Conservation Genetics, 9: 201-210.
Lampa, S., J-B. Mihoub, B. Gruber, R. Klenke, and K. Henle. (2015). Non-invasive genetic mark-recapture as a means to study population sizes and marking behaviour of the elusive Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra). PLoS ONE 10(5): e0125684.
Landa, A. and S. Guidos (2020). Bycatch in local fishery disrupts natural reestablishment of Eurasian otter in western Norway. Conservation Science and Practice, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/csp2.208
Lanszki J., Z.S. Pallos, D. Nagy, and G. Yoxon. (2007). Diet and fish choice of Eurasian otters (Lutra lutra L.) in fish wintering ponds in Hungary. Aquaculture International, 15:393-402.
Lanszki, J. (2007). Experiences of otter (Lutra lutra) monitoring alongside the Drava river,in Somogy county, Hungary. Proceedings of the European Otter Conference "Return of the Otter in Europe-Where and How?" 9pp.
Lanszki, J. (2007). Preliminary results of the post-mortem analysis of otters in Hungary. Proceedings of the European Otter Conference "Return of the Otter in Europe-Where and How?" 8 pp.
Lanszki, J. A. Hidas, and T. Revay. (2010). Genetic structure of otter (Lutra lutra) populations from two fishpond systems in Hungary. Mammalian Biology [Zeitschrift fur Saugetierkunde], 75(5): 447-450.
Lanszki, J. A. Hidas, K. Szentes, T. Revay, I. Lehoczky, and S. Weiss. (2008). Relative spraint density and genetic structure of otter (Lutra lutra) along the Drava River in Hungary. Mammalian Biology, 73(1): 40-47.
Lanszki, J. and G.L. Széles. (2006). Feeding habits of otters living on three moors in the Pannonian ecoregion (Hungary). Folia Zoologica, 55(4): 358-366.
Lanszki, J. and S. Kormendi. (1993). Data on the role of otter (Lutra lutra L.) in pond farming. Halaszat, 86: 190-191.
Lanszki, J. and S. Kormendi. (1996). Otter diet in relation to fish availability in a fish pond in Hungary. Acta Theriologica, 41(2): 127-136.
Lanszki, J. and T. Molnar. (2003). Diet of otters living in three different habitats in Hungary. Folia Zoologica, 52(4) 378-388
Lanszki, J. and Z. Sallai. (2006). Comparison of the feeding habits of Eurasian otters on a fast flowing river and its backwater habitats. Mammalian Biology, 71: 336-346.
Lanszki, J., A. Hidas, K. Szentes, T. Révay, I. Lehoczky, and S. Weiss. (2008). Relative spraint density and genetic structure of Otter (Lutra lutra) along the Drava River in Hungary. Mammalian Biology, 73: 40-47.
Lanszki, J., E. Orosz, and L. Sugáar. (2009). Metal levels in tissues of Eurasian otters (Lutra lutra) from Hungary: Variation with sex, age, condition and location. Chemosphere, 74(5): 741-743.
Lanszki, J., E.A. Bauer-Haáz, G. L. Széles, and M. Helta. (2014). Diet and feeding habits of the Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra): Experiences from postmortem analysis. Mammal Study [The Mammal Society of Japan], 40: 1–11.
Lanszki, J., I. Lehoczky, A. Kotze, and M.J. Somers. (2016). Diet of otters (Lutra lutra) in various habitat types in the Pannonian biogeographical region compared to other regions of Europe. The Journal of Life and Environmental Sciences. PeerJ 4:e2266 (unable to confirm page numbers)
Lanszki, J., L. Sugár, E. Orosz, and D. Nagy. (2008). Biological data from post mortem analysis of otters in Hungary. Acta Zoologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae, 54: 201-212.
Lanszki, J., L.G. Sz&eaacute;les, and G. Yoxon. (2009.) Diet composition of otters (Lutra lutra L.) living on small watercourses in southwestern Hungary. Acta Zoologica, Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae, 55: 293–306. (unable to confirm publication)
Lanszki, J., M. Molnar, and T. Molnar. (2006). Factors affecting the predation of otters (Lutra lutra ) on European pond turtle (Emys orbicularis). The Journal of Zoology, 270(2): 219-226.
Lanszki, J., S. Kormendi and C. Hancz. (1998). Investigation of the fish diet of otters from an economic aspect at a fish pond in Hungary. Proceedings VII International Otter Colloquium. March 14-19, 1998, Trebon, Czech Republic. pp. 198-204. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume19A/Trebon-III.pdf
Lanszki, J., S. Kormendi, and C. Hancz. (1998). Effects of habitat changes on the otter habitat using trophic niche breadth and relative abundance at an eutrophic fish pond. Proceedings VII International Otter Colloquium. March 14-19, 1998, Trebon, Czech Republic. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume19A/Trebon-III.pdf
Lanszki, J., S. Kormendi, C. Hancz, and T.G. Martin. (2001). Examination of some factors affecting selection of fish prey by otters living by eutrophic fish ponds. The Journal of Zoology (London), 255: 97-103.
Lapini, L., R. Pontarini, P. Molinari, G. Cantarutti, L. Dorigo, S. Pecorella, N. Cesco, G. Commessatti, C. Comuzzo, J. Da Pieve, E. De Belli, A. L. Dreon, D. Giacomuzzi, M. Luca, A. Mareschi, G. Picco, and A. Rossi. (2020). The return of the Eurasian otter in north-eastern Italy: New challenges for biological conservation from Friuli Venezia Giulia Region. Journal of Mountain Ecology, 13: 41-50.
Lau, A.C., C.M. Asahara, S.Y. Han, and J. Kimura. (2017). Geographic variation of craniodental morphology of the Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra) in East Asia. Journal of Veterinary Medical Science, 79(1): 144-152.
Lau, A.C.C., M. Asahara, S.Y. Han, and J. Kimura. (2016). Sexual dimorphism of the Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra) in South Korea: Craniodental geometric morphometry. Journal of Veterinary Medical Science, 78(6): 1007-1011.
Laurent, F. (1907). Hunter Otters. Hachette, Paris, 2nd edition. 192 pp.
Lavrov, N.P. (1983). Caucasian otter. Red Data Book of the RSFSR [Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic]. Vol. 1. Animals. Rossel´khozizdat Publ.
Le Beller, M. (2002). European otter on the Basin. Yar. Rapp. BTS-GPN, 37 pp. + Annexes. (unable to confirm acronym definition)
Le Berre, A. (1961). The otter on the coast of Brittany. Penn ar Bed, 27: 4.
Leaniz, G.D., C.D.W. Forman, S. Davies, and A. Thompson. (2006). Non-intrusive monitoring of otter (Lutra lutra) using infared technology. Journal of Zoology, 270: 577-584.
Lebec, E. (2003). Den Otter. Ed Archipelago, Paris, pp. 250. (unable to confirm publication)
Leblanc, F. (2001). predation on fish farms in Limousin: Analysis of protection systems. Limousin Nature Environment/DIRENs Limousin Report, 24 p. + Annexes. (unable to confirm acronym definition)
Leblanc, F. (2003a). Otter Limousin. Epops [Electronic Policies, Order Sets, Procedures and Standards], 57: 40-43.
Leblanc, F. (2003b). Protecting fish farms from predation by the Eurasian Otter in Limousin Region of Central France: First results. IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, 20(1): 45-48. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume20/Leblanc_2003.html
Leblanc, F. (2003c). Update of the distribution of the otter in Limousin's Rapiette, GMHL [Groupe Mammalogique et Herpétologique du Limousin], pp. 7-9.
Leblanc, F. (2005). Experimental installation of protection against predation by European otter in a fish farm. In: "Conservation of Otter," Proceedings of the XXVII Conference of Francophone Mammalogy, 9 & 10 October 2004, Limoges (87). Ed SFEPM/GMHL [Société Française pour l’Etude et la Protection des Mammifères/ Groupe Mammalogique et Herpétologique du Limousin]. pp. 123-128.
Leblanc, F. and L. Lafontaine. (2007). Assessment of the conservation status of habitats and species of community interest, 2006-2007: Species otter (Lutra lutra). Ref. In 1355. MNHN-finding mission to the Commission SFEPM [Société Française pour l’Etude et la Protection des Mammifères] Factsheet, July 2009.(unable to confirm first acronym definition and publication)
Leblanc, F., V. Guischer, N. Thuaire, C. Bellanger, J. Constant et al. (2005). Update of the distribution of the European Otter Limousin (2003/2004). In: "Conservation of Otter", Proceedings of the XXVII Conference of Francophone Mammalogy, 9 & 10 October 2004, Limoges (87). Ed SFEPM/GMHL [Société Française pour l’Etude et la Protection des Mammifères/Groupe Mammalogique et Herpétologique du Limousin]. pp. 9-28.
Leciak, E. (1996). Otter on Upper Loire Valley. Internship Report LEGTA Olivier de Serre [Le lycée agricole Olivier de Serres est situé à Aubenas en Ardèche]. Nature Haute Loire.
Leciak, E. (1997). Application mapping methods for the protection of the European Otter on Upper Loire Valley. Internship Report University of Aix-Marseille. Nature Haute Loire.
Leclercq, C. et al. (2008). Restoration of the habitat of the (Be & Lu) Otter: Second Interim report -October 2007 LIFE05 NAT/B/000085: Progress report No. 2. the activities of 1/10/2006-30/09/2007. (unable to confirm acroym definitions or interpret wording in citation content)
Lee, J., R. Hanna, R. Hill, C.M. McCormick, and R.A. Skuce. (2009). Bovine tuberculosis in an Eurasian otter.Vet Rec.[VetRecord], 164: 727-728.
Lee, L.L. (1996). Status and distribution of river otters in Kinmen, Taiwan. Oryx, 30(3): 202-206.
Lee, M-K, H-Lee, J-H. Cho, and I-H Hong. (2020). Thymic Hematoma Found in a Wild Eurasian Otter ( Lutra lutra ) Journal of Wildlife Diseases, 56(4):950-952.
Leger, F. (2000). La loutre Lutra lutra dans la haute vallée du Loir: histoire d'une disparition [The lutra otter wrestled in the upper Loir valley: The story of a disappearance] Bull. de la société archéologique, scientifique et littéraire du Vendomois [Bulletin of the Vendomois Archaeological, Scientific and Literary Society]. pp. 68-86.
Lehoczky, I., D.L. Dalton, J. Lanszki, Z. Sallai, M. Thabang Madisha, L. J. Nupen, and A. Kotzé. (2015). Assessment of population structure in Hungarian otter populations. Journal of Mammalogy, 96(6): 1275-1283.
Lemaire, H. (2012). Reintroduction of species: Beaver and otter snacking ground. LaNouvelle République.fr. 17/1/2012.
Lemarchand, C. & Y. Boulade. (2010). Eurasian Otter (Lutra lutra) in the Bas-Bugey: Presentation and research indices presence. Conservatory Rhône-Alpes Natural Spaces. Catiche Productions.
Lemarchand, C. (2005). Le retour de la Loutre d'Europe: Influence de la qualité de l'eau, de l'habitat et impact sur les communautés de poisons [The return of the European Otter: Influence of water quality, habitat and impact on poisoned communities]. Actes du 27è colloque francophone de mammalogie de la SFEPM [Proceedings of the 27th Francophone Mammalogy Symposium of the SFEPM -Société Française pour l’Etude et la Protection des Mammifères]. pp. 93-99.
Lemarchand, C. (2007). Study of the habitat of the European otter (Lutra lutra) in the region Auvergne (France): Relationship between diet and the dynamics of essential compounds and toxic elements. Doctoral Thesis, Blaise Pascal University, Clermont-Ferrand, 225 pp.
Lemarchand, C. and R. and P. Berny Rosoux. (2010). Organochlorine pesticides, PCBs, heavy metals and anticoagulant rodenticides in tissues of Eurasian otters (Lutra lutra) from upper Loire river catchment (France). Chemosphere, 80: 1120-1124.
Lemarchand, C., C. Ablard, Y. Souchon, and P. Berny. (2007). Organochlorine compounds (pesticides and PCBs) in scats of the European otter (Lutra lutra) from an actual expanding population in central France. Water, Air, and Soil Pollution, 186(1): 55-62.
Lemarchand, C., C. Bouchardy, Y. Boulade, and N. Gouilloux. (2011). European otter in the valley of the Dordogne: Surveys done in an 2010 and 2011 within Natura 2000 sites. "Dordogne" FR 7200660 and "Dordogne Quercy" FR 7300898. EPIDOR. Catiche Productions. (unable to confirm acronym definition or publication)
Lemarchand, C., R. Rosoux, and P. Berny. (2011). Ecotoxicology of the European otter (Lutra lutra) along Loire River (France) and predictable trends due to global change. IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, 28(B): 5-14. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume28B/Lemarchand_et_al_2011.html
Lemarchand, C., R. Rosoux, and P. Berny. (2011). Semi aquatic top-predators as a sentinel of diversity and dynamics of pesticides in aquatic food webs: The case of Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra) and osprey (Pandion haliaetus) in Loire River Catchment. Intech Open. pp. 289-310.
Lenton, E.J. et al. (1980). Otter Survey of England 1977-1979. (unable to confirm publisher)
Lenton, E.J., P.R.F. Chanin, and D.J. Jefferies. (1980). Otter survey of England 1977-79. Nature Conservancy Council, London.
Leonard, K.S. (2011). Copeland Islands Special Protection Area-Impact of Otter Predation on selection features. Report to the Northern Ireland Environment Agency.
Leonards, P.E.G., B. Van Hattum, W. Cofino, M. Elmeros, M. Smit, and A.B. Madsen. (1996). Toxic PCBs in European otter populations in relation to biological factors. Organohalogen Compounds, 29: 55-58.
Leonards, P.E.G., M.D. Smit, B. Van Hattum, A.J. Murk, and A.W.J.J. De Jongh. (1994). Development of otter-based quality objectives for PCBs (DOQOP3) Conseil de l'Europe, Rencontres environnement [Council of Europe, Environment Meetings], 24: 155-156.
Leonards, P.E.G., Y. Zierikzee, U.A.T. Brinkman, W.P. Cofino, N.M. van Straalen, and B. van Hattum. (1997). The selective dietary accumulation of planar polychlorinated biphenyls in the otter (Lutra lutra). Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, 16(9): 1807-1815.
Lerone L., C. Mengoni, G. Carpaneto, E. Randi, and A. Loy. (2014). Procedures to genotype problematic non-invasive otter (Lutra lutra) samples. Acta Theriologica, 59: 511-520.
Lerone, L., Mengoni, C., Carpaneto, G.M. et al. (2014). Procedures to genotype problematic non-invasive otter (Lutra lutra) samples. Acta Theriologica, 59: 511–520.
Léthier, H. (1983). Otters and protection: Legal aspects. Bull. Otter SFEPM [Société Française pour l’Etude et la Protection des Mammifères] group.14 pp.
Letourneau, S. (2005). The European otter in Briérons marshes: Followed by effective arrangements to maximize the local population and surveys to assess the interaction between local populations. Mem. Teacher license. Management of environmental resources in rural areas, Agricultural College, Sees, 77 pp. + Annexes.
Leverrier of Conterie, E. (1845). Hunting otters.pp. 346-360. In: School of Hunting Hounds or VENERIE Normande. Ed Bouchard-Huzard, Paris.
Levitre, J. (1911). Otter. In: Alphabet trapping. Ed L. Washer, Paris. pp. 240-248.
Levitre, J. (1929). Otter, trapping and hunting. Ed. E. Noury, Paris. 176 pp.
Lévy-Brühl, V. (1993). Protection of the European otter by the introduction of "safe havens." Min. Approx./DNP SFDE, SFEPM [Société Française pour l’Etude et la Protection des Mammifères], 78 pp. +Annexes.(unable to confirm first two acronym definitions)
LévyBrühl, V. (1995). Protection of the European otter (Lutra lutra) in France: A good example of the need for complementary policies to protect the species, habitats and integrated protection. Cahiers d’Ethology [Notebooks of Ethology], 15(2-3-4): 397418.
Lewis, J.C.M., L. Pagan, M. Hart, and R. Green. (1998). Normal haematological and serum biochemical values of Eurasian otters (Lutra lutra) from a Scottish rehabilitation centre. VetRecord, 143(6): 76-679.
Li, F., B. Pui, and L. Chan. (2018). Past and present: the status and distribution of otters (Carnivora: Lutrinae) in China. Oryx, 52(4): 619-626.
Li, W-T., Y-L. Chiang, T-Y. Chen, and C-L Lai.(2020). Pulmonary hair embolism in a rescued free-ranging Eurasian otter Lutra lutra in Kinmen, Taiwan. Diseases of Aquatic Organisms, 142: 55-61.
Liarsou, A. (2013). Un exemple de biodiversité historique: la loutre (L. lutra) et le castor (C. fiber) en France depuis 18 000 ans [An example of historic biodiversity: The otter (L. lutra) and the beaver (C. fiber) in France for 18,000 years]. Mémoire de DEA en archéologie, Université de Paris [DEA thesis in archeology, University of Paris] 1. 2013. Paris, France. (unable to confirm acronym definition)
Libois, R. (1998). Information System on Biodiversity in Wallonia (OFFH). Otter Europe. (unable to confirm acroym definition and publisher)
Libois, R., A. Paquot, and M. Lambert. (1990). Des pièges à indices olfactifs pour détecte la présence de la loutre Lutra lutra [Olfactory clues to detect the presence of the otter Lutra lutra]. Cahiers d’Ethologie, Liege [Notebooks of Ethology, Liège], 10(1): 105-110. [B]
Libois, R., F. Mostafa, and A. Brahimi, et al.(2015). Régime alimentaire et stratégie trophique saisonnière de la Loutre d’Europe Lutra lutra dans le Moyen Atlas (Maroc) [Diet and seasonal trophic strategy of the European Otter, Lutra lutra, in the Middle Atlas (Morocco)]. Revue d'écologie [Ecology Review], 70(4): 314-327.
Libois, R., R. Ghalmi, and A. Brahimi. (2015). Insight into the dietary habits of the Eurasian otter Lutra lutra in the east of Algeria (El-Kala National Park). Ecologia Mediterranea Année [Mediterranean Ecology Année], 41(2): 85-91.
Libois, R.M (1983). For the otter in Wallonia: Countdown began. books Applied Ethology, 3: 267-272.
Libois, R.M (1993a). Otter Belgium desperate situation? Proceedings of the International Seminar "Otter in Luxembourg and Neighboring Countries," pp. 23-26. (unable to interpet article title)
Libois, R.M (1993b). So what otters eat Tarn? TOS. 157: 16-17. (unable to confirm acronym definition)
Libois, R.M (2000). Evaluation of habitat according to the requirements of protection of the otter in the basin of the Our (Natural Park High Fens Eifel). Univ. Cork, IZ-URZ, 19 pp. (unable to confirm publication and acronym definition)
Libois, R.M and C. Hallet. (1995). Present status of the otter in Belgium and problems of its conservation. Notebooks Ethology, 15(2-3-4): 157-168.
Libois, R.M and R. Rosoux. (1989a). Dietary ecology of the European otter in western France: Quantitative aspects. Abstract of the 5th International Theriological Congress, Rome, Itlay. 2pp.
Libois, R.M and R. Rosoux. (1991). Ecology of the otter (Lutra lutra) in the Marais Poitevin. II. Overview of the diet. Mammalia, 55(1): 35-47.
Libois, R.M and R. Rosoux. (1993). Diet of the otter in France: An overview. Proceedings International Seminar "The otter in Luxembourg and Neighboring Countries." Ed. Otter Group, Luxembourg, Luxembourg. pp.12-18.
Libois, R.M, J.C Philippart, R. Rosoux and Mr Vranken. (1982). What future for the otter in Belgium? Books. Applied Ethology, 2: 1-15.
Libois, R.M. (1997). Diet and feeding tactics of the otter (Lutra lutra) in the Massif Central during an annual cycle. Life and Environment. 47 (1): 33-45.
Libois, R.M. and A. and M. Lambert Paquot. (1990). Traps olfactory cues to detect the presence of otters.? books. Applied Ethology, 10(1): 105-110.
Libois, R.M. and R. and E. Rosoux Delooz. (1991). Ecology of the otter (Lutra lutra) in the Marais Poitevin III: Changes in diet and food tactics. Books. Ethology, 11(1): 31-50.
Libois, RM and R. Rosoux. (1989b). Ecology of the otter (Lutra lutra) in the Marais Poitevin. I. Study of the consumption of eels. Life and Environment, 39(3-4): 191-197.
Libois, RM, C. Hallet-Libois and L. Lafontaine. (1987). Regime of the otter (Lutra lutra) in central Brittany. Rev. Ecol. Earth & Life, 42: 135-144. (unable to interpret publication abbreviation)
Liger, J.C and CORA. (2005). Otters cavers d'Arcy-sur-Cure (Yonne). Bulletin of the Society of Historical and Natural Sciences of the Yonne, vol. 136/2004: 302-316.
Liger, J-C. (2003). Les loutres spéléologues d'Arcy-sur-Cure [The caving (spelunking) otters of Arcy-sur-Cure]. Bulletin de la Société des Sciences Historiques et Naturelles de l'Yonne [Bulletin of the Society of Historical and Natural Sciences of Yonne], 135.
Lightweight, F. (1983). Indices of Presence (1914-1955) of the otter on the Braye. Rapp. Otter Gr, (unable to confim publication)
Lightweight, F. (2000). Otter in the upper valley of the Loir. History of disappearance. Bull. Soc. archaeological, Scientific and Literary Vendômois. pp. 68-86. (unable to interpret publication abbreviations)
Lignon, O., F. Sane, S. Chazalmartin. Mr Sonnet, and D. Constantine. (2006). Distribution, diet and influence of riparian habitats on attendance watercourse Otter Lutra lutra (L., 1758) in the Natura 2000 Site FR9101355 "Mountain Margeride." Study carried out in the framework of actions programmed in the Natura 2000 DOCOB FR 9101355 "Mountain Margeride" and produced with the financial support of the DIRENs Languedoc-Roussillon and European funds EAGGF site. 29 pages, 9cartes,19 figures, 3 tables, 10 photographs. (unable to interpret publication title or confirm acronym definitions)
Liles, J. (2003). Otter breeding sites: Conservation and management. Conserving Natura 2000 rivers-conservation: Techniques Series, n°5[#5]: 39 pp.(uable to confirm publication information)
Liljenström, S. (1996). Uttern-en vattenakrobat.[Otter-a water acrobat]. 16p. (unable to confirm a publisher)
Liordos, V., V.J. Kontsiotis, C. Nevolianis and C.E. Nikolopoulou. (2019). Stakeholder preferences and consensus associated with managing an endangered aquatic predator: The Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra). Human Dimensions of Wildlife, 24(5): 446-462.
Liot, A. (2001). Renaissance of the European otter in Alsace. Rapp. DEUG SVN. 13 pp. (unable to confirm acronym definitions or a publisher)
Liu, Z.B. (2013). Knowledge and utilization of otters in ancient China. China Three Gorges Tribune, (unable to confirm additional publication information)
Llinares, A., A. Martínez-Abraín, and J. Veiga. (2019). High foraging efficiency of Eurasian otters in a shallow Iberian reservoir. Wildlife Biology, 2019(1):1-6.
Lode ,T. (1989b). La loutre en Loire Atlantique: note préliminaire sur l'évolution récente des populations, l'alimentation et le comportement de Lutra lutra (L.1758) [The otter in Loire Atlantique: Preliminary note on recent developments of populations, food and behavior of Lutra lutra (L.1758)]. Bull.soc.sc.nat. ouest de la France.[ Bulletin de la Société des sciences naturelles de l'Ouest de la France], 11(2): 69-76.
Lode T. (1989a). La Loutre: Evolution recente des populations en Pays de Loire. [The Otter: Recent evolution of populations in Pays de Loire]. Erminea (Erminea Assocation Pays de Loire pour l'Etude de Mammiferes). 17 pp.
Lode, T. (1985a). Poisoning of coons and muskrats: A threat to the European otter (Lutra lutra). Erminea, 3: 12.
Lode, T. (1985b). Proposed interim measures for the populations of the European otter Lutra lutra in the region of Pays de Loire. Erminea, 2(2): 4-5.
Lode, T. (1987). Otter Lutra lutra in Grand-place: Diet and occupation sites. Report. Nature Reserve. 3 pp.
Lode, T. (1989c). Otters in Loire-Atlantique. Bull. Soc. Sc Nat. West France [Bulletin de la Société neuchâteloise des sciences naturelles]: 11(2): 69-76.
Lode, T. (1993a). Current Population Status of the European Otter. Lutra lutra in the Pays de Loire (Loire and Vendée-Atlantic). Erminea, 18: 20-21.
Lode, T. (1993b). The decline of the otter (Lutra lutra) populations in the area of the Loire, Western France. Biological Conservation, 65: 9-13.
Lode, T. (1995a). Changes in the frequency markings. Lutra lutra in the West of France. Ethology, 15: 245-250.
Lode, T. (1995b). Variations de la fréquence de marquage de Lutra lutra dans l'ouest de la France [Variations in the frequency of tagging Lutra lutra in western France.] Cahiers d'Ethologie, Liège [Notebooks of Ethology, Liège]: 15(2-3-4): 245-250.
Lode, T. (1999). Grand place: Refuge for the European otter. Mail Nature, 175: 23-24.
Lode, T. (2000). Effect of a motorway on mortality and isolation of wildlife populations. Ambio, 29: 163-166.
Lode, T. and B. Recorbet. (1987). Proposed wildlife crossings for crossing the line infrastructure by the European otter, Lutra lutra. Erminea, Report ASF, 15 pp. (unable to confirm publication and acronym definition)
Lode, T. and M.C Saint Girons. (1985). A home country for an endangered species: Otter in the Home Country Machecoul and Logne. 24 pp.(unable to confirm publication)
Lode, T. and R. Rosoux. (1994). Situation otter Lutra lutra in the departments of Loire-Atlantique and Vendée. Erminea and Pro Lutra. Report to DIRENs Pays de la Loire. 62 pp. + Annexes. (unable to confirm acronym definition)
Lode, T. and S. Laurence. (2000). Situation of the European otter in the Loire Valley. Lab. Ecol. Animal [Animal Ecology Laboratory], Universiy of Angers, Loire-Anjou-Touraine. Angers, France. 44 pp.
Lode, T., B. Guillemot and M.C Saint Girons. (1984). Preliminary overview of the situation of the European otter in the region of Pays de Loire: Report coordination otter. Erminea. 5 pp.
Lode, T., L. Guihard, D. Jacques, B. Guillemot, F. Ibanez, F. Desprez et al. (1990). The Otter. Lutra lutra: Recent population trends in the Loire Valley. Erminea Bulletin: Special. 17 pp.
Lodenius, M., U. Skarén, P. Hellstedt, and E. Tulisalo. (2014). Mercury in various tissues of three mustelid species and other trace metals in liver of European otter from Eastern Finland. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 186: 325-333.
Lohez, A. (1993). Contribution to the behavioral study of the otter. Rapp., 32 pp. (unable to confirm publication)
López de Luzuriaga, J., I. Zuberogoitia, and J. Zabala. (2008). La nutria en el País Vasco [The otter in the Basque Country]. In: López-Martín, J.M. and J. Jim&eeacute;�nez. (eds.), La nutria en España. Veinte años de seguimiento de un mamífero amenazado [The otter in Spain: Twenty years of monitoring a threatened mammal]. SECEM [Sociedad Espanola para la Conservacion y Estudio de los Mamiferos], Málaga. pp. 207-215.
Lopez-Martin, J.M. and L. Ruiz-Olmo. (1996). Organochlorine residue levels and bioconcentration factors in otters (Lutra lutra L.) from northeast Spain. Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. [Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology], 57: 532-535.
Lopez-Nieves, P. and C. Hernando. (1984). Food habits of the otter in the central Sierra Morena (Cordoba, Spain). Acta Theriologica, 29(32): 383-401.
Lorentzdotter, H. (2015). Miljögiftsförekomster i utter (Lutra lutra) från Småland: Nuvarande status och förändringar över tid (1966-2014)[Environmental contaminants in otter (Lutra lutra) in Smaland: Present levels and temporal changes (1966-2014)]. Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor). Umea University, Sweden.
Loso, K. and A. Roos. (2019). Citizen science in Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra) research sighting reports and findings of dead otters. IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, 36(1): 7-16. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume36/Loso_Roos_2019.html
Loso, K.,and A. Roos. (2015). Citizen science in otter research: Sighting reports. Poster Session: Proceedings European Otter Workshop. 8-11 June 2015, Stockholm, Sweden. IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, Volume 33 A. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume33A/Vol33A_Index.html
Lots, J. (1755). Memoirs on how to take the otters life and train them to bring the fish. Journey Abroad, June 1755.
Loukianof, S. (1991). L'extinction de la loutre (Lutra lutra) dans les Vosges du nord [The extinction of the otter (Lutra lutra) in the northern Vosges]. Ann. Sci. Rés. Bios. Vosges du Nord, [Annales Scientifiques de la reserve de Biosphere transfrontaliere Oosges du Nord]. 1: 63-73.
Loupal, G., H. Weissenbock, M. Bodner, and C. Stotter. (1998). Distemper in free-living European otters in Austria. Proceedings VII International Otter Colloquium. March 14-9,1998, Trebon, Czech Republic. pp. 211-213. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume19A/Trebon-III.pdf
Lovett, L., Kruuk H. and Lambin X. (1997). Factors influencing use of freshwater pools by otters in a marine environment, The Journal of Zoology (London), 243: 825-831.
Loy, A. (2005). European otter workshop: Research advances and otter conservation in Europe. IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, 22(1): 34-37. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume22/Loy_2005.html
Loy, A. (2006a). An Italian action plan for the Eurasian Otter (Lutra lutra): Preliminary contents. Hystrix, 17(2): 183-184.
Loy, A. (2006b). An Italian action plan for the Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra): Preliminary contents. IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, 23(1) 26-27 https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume23/Loy_2006.html
Loy, A. and N. Duplaix (2020). Decline and recovery of the otter in Europe: Lessons learned and future challenges. Journal of Mountain Ecology, Vol 13. Proceedings of the I Congress of the Eurasian otters in the Alps: towards a common strategy across boundaries, Gran Paradiso National Park Valsavarenche, (AO, Italy), 10-12 October 2018.
Loy, A., A. Balestrieri, R. Bartolomei, L. Bonesi, M. Caldarella , G. De Castro , E. Fulco, R. Fusillo , P. Gariano , F. Imperi, Francesca Iordan, L. Lapini , L. Lerone , M. Marcelli, M. Marrese , M. Pavanello , C. Prigioni, and D. Righetti. (2015). The Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra) in Italy: Distribution, trend and threats. IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, 32C. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume32C/Vol32C_Posters.html#P9
Loy, A., L. Boitani, L. Bonesi, A. Canu, A. Di Croce, P.L. Fiorentino, P. Genovesi, L. Mattei, M. Panzacchi, C. Prigioni, E. Randi, and G. Reggiani. (2010). The Italian action plan for the endangered Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra). Hystrix, 21:19-33
Loy, A., L. Bucci, M.L. Carranza, G. De Castro, P. Di Marzio, and G. Reggiani. (2004). Survey and habitat evaluation for a peripheral population of the Eurasian otter in Italy. IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, 21(A): https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume21A/Loy_et_al_2004_8th_OSG_Proc.pdf
Loy, A., M. Carranza, C. Cianfrani, E. D’Alessandro, L. Bonesi, P. Di Marzio, M. Minotti, and G. Reggiani. (2009). Otter Lutra lutra population expansion: Assessing habitat suitability and connectivity in southern Italy. Folia Zoologica, 58: 309-326.
LPO Auvergne [The League for the Protection of Birds Auvergne]. (2012a). Data: European otter in Auvergne in 2012.
LPO PACA. (2012b). Recolonization of the European otter PACA [Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur] in 2012, LPO [The League for the Protection of Birds].
Ludwig, G.X., V. Hokka, R. Sulkava, and H. Ylonen H. (2002). Otter Lutra lutra predation on farmed and free-living salmonids in boreal freshwater habitats. Wildlife Biology, 8(3): 193-199.
Lundy, M.G. and W.I. Montgomery. (2010). A multi-scale analysis of the habitat associations of European otter and American mink and the implications for farm scale conservation schemes. Biodiversity and Conservation, 19: 3849-3859.
Lunnon, R.M. & Reynolds. J.D. (1991). Distribution of the otter Lutra lutra in Ireland and its value as an indicator of habitat quality. pp 435-443. In: Jeffrey, D.W. and B. Madden. (eds.). Bioindicators and Environmental Management,. Academic Press.
Lunnon, R.M. and J.D. Reynolds. (1991). Distribution of the otter Lutra lutra in Ireland and its value as an indicator of habitat quality. pp. 435-443. In: Jeffrey, D.W. and B. Madden. (eds.). Bioindicators and Environmental Management. Academic Press, London.
Lyach, R. and M. Cech. (2017). Do otters target the same fish species and sizes as anglers? A case study from a lowland trout stream (Czech Republic). Aquatic Living Resources, 30(11).
Lynch, J.M. and W. M. O'Sullivan. (1993). Cranial form and sexual dimorphism in the Irish otter (Lutra lutra L.). Biology and Environment: Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy. Vol. 93B(2): 97-105.
Lynch, J.M., Conroy, J.W.H., Kitchener, A.C., Jefferies, D.J., Hayden, T.J. (1996). Variation in cranial form and sexual dimorphism among five european populations of the otter Lutra lutra. Journal of Zoology, 238: 81-96.
van der Linde, A. (1996). De terugkeer van de otter. De ontwikkeling van otter populaties onder invloed van PCB´s, geschat met het OMEGA-model [The return of the otter. The development of otter populations under the influence of PCBs, estimated with the OMEGA model]. RIZA [Institute for Inland Water Management and Waste Water Treatment] werkdocument [working document] 96.174X.
Top
Maca, O. (2018). Molecular identification of Sarcocystis lutrae in the European otter (Lutra lutra) and the European badger (Meles meles) from the Czech Republic. Parasitology Research, 117: 943-945.
Macdonald, R.A., K. O’Hara, and D.J. Morrish. (2007). Decline of invasive alien mink (Mustela vison) is concurrent with recovery of native otters (Lutra lutra). Diversity and Distributions, 13: 92-98.
Macdonald, S. (1994). Meeting Of the European Section of the OSG. IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin,10: 10-14. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume10/Macdonald_1994.html
Macdonald, S. M. (1983). The status of the otter (Lutra lutra) in the British Isles. Mammal Review, 13: 11-23.
Macdonald, S. M. and C. F. Mason. (1983a). Some factors influencing the distribution of otters (Lutra lutra). Mammal Review, 13:1-10.
Macdonald, S., and C.F. Mason. (2003). Essex otters: Struggling in a hostile environment? British Wildlife, 14: 153-158.
Macdonald, S.M, C.F. Mason and K. de Smet. (1985). The otter Lutra lutra in north-central Algeria. Mammalia, 49(2): 215-219.
Macdonald, S.M. (1994). Update on the document on the status and conservation needs of the otter in Europe: A summary. Conseil de l’Europe, Rencontres Environnement [Council of Europe, Environmental Meetings], 24: 67-68.
Macdonald, S.M. and C.F. Mason. (1980). Observations on the marking behaviour of a coastal population of otters. Acta Theriologica, 25(19): 245-253.
Macdonald, S.M. and C.F. Mason. (1982). The otter in central Portugal. Biological Conversation, 22: 207-215.
Macdonald, S.M. and C.F. Mason. (1983b). The Otter Lutra lutra in Southern Italy. Biological Conservation, 25(2): 95-101.
Macdonald, S.M. and C.F. Mason. (1983c). The otter Lutra lutra in Tunisia. Mammal Review, 13(1): 35-37.
Macdonald, S.M. and C.F. Mason. (1985). Otters: Their habitat and conservation in northeast Greece. Biological Conservation, 31:191-210.
Macdonald, S.M. and C.F. Mason. (1987). Seasonal marking in an otter population. Acta Theriologica, 32 (27) 449-462.
Macdonald, S.M. and C.F. Mason. (1988). Observations on an otter population in decline. Acta Theriologica, 33(30): 415-434.
Macdonald, S.M. and C.F. Mason. (1994). PCBs and organochlorine pesticide levels in otters (Lutra lutra) scats from eastern Scotland. IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, 9: 8-10. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume9/Macdonald_Mason_1994.html
Macdonald, S.M. and C.F. Mason. (1994). Status and conservation need of the otter in the Western Palearctic. Council of Europe, Coll. Nature and Environment [College of Natural Resources and Environment] No. 67: 54 pp.
Macdonald, S.M. and C.F. Mason. (1984). Otters Lutra lutra in Morocco. Oryx, 18: 157-159.
Macdonald, S.M., and C.F. Mason. (2003). The Otter (Lutra lutra) in Essex 1996-2002. Essex Naturalist, 20: 159-176
Macdonald, S.M., C.F.Mason, and B, Shalmon. (1986). A survey for otters in Israel. Oryx, 2 (4): 233-236.
Madsen, A.B (1989b). Odderen. Natur og Museum 28 argang nr.l, 1989 [Otters. Nature and Museum], 28 volume no. 1, 1989. 31pp.
Madsen, A.B. (1989a). Bevar odderen. En handbog i odderbeskyttelse [Preserve the Otter. A Handbook in Otter Protection]. 40 pp.
Madsen, A.B. (1990). Oddere Lutra lutraog trafik [Otter Lutra lutra and traffic]. Flora og Fauna [Flora and Fauna]. 96(2): 39-46.
Madsen, A.B. (1991). Otter (Lutra lutra) mortalities in fish traps and experiences with using stop-grids in Denmark. Proceedings of the V. International Otter Colloquium. 1989, Hankensbüttel, Germany. 6: 237-241.
Madsen, A.B. (1992). Automatic registration of otter activities in Denmark. IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, 7: 38-39. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume7/Madsen_1992.html
Madsen, A.B. (1996a). Otter (Lutra lutra) mortality in relation to traffic and experiences with newly established fauna passages at existing road bridges. Lutra, 39: 76-91.
Madsen, A.B. (1996b).Odderens (Lutra lutra) økologi og forvaltning i Danmark [The ecology and conservation of the otter (Lutra lutra) in Denmark]. Thesis, Ministry of Environment and Energy, National Environmental Research Institute.
Madsen, A.B. and A. Prang. (2001). Habitat factors and the presence or absence of otters Lutra lutra in Denmark. Acta Theriologica, 46:171-179.
Madsen, A.B. and B. Gaardmand. (2000). Otter (Lutra lutra) monitoring in Denmark based on spraint surveys, collected cascases and reported observations. Lutra, 43: 29-38.
Madsen, A.B. and C.E. Nielsen. (1986). Odderens (Lutra lutra L.) forekomst i Danmark 1984-1986. (The occurrence of otter (Lutra lutra L.) in Denmark 1984-1986). Flora og Fauna [Flora and Fauna], 92(2), 60-62. (English summary).
Madsen, A.B. and C.F. Mason. (1987). Cadmium, lead and mercury in hair from Danish otters Lutra lutra. Natura Jutlandica, 22: 81-84.
Madsen, A.B., and C. Engelstoft Nielsen. (1986). Odderens (Lutra lutra) forekomst i Danmark 1984-1986 [Occurrence of the otter (Lutra lutra) in Denmark 1984-1986]. pp. 60-62. In: Jensen, B. Lojtnant, and A.M. Sorensen. Flora og Fauna. Udgivet af Naturhistorisk Forening for Jylland [Natrual History Association for Jutland]. 63 pp.
Madsen, A.B., B. Gårdmand, and P. Mikkelsen. (1996). Overvågning af odder (Lutra lutra) i Karup Å, Hvidberg Å/Thy, Ryå og Skals Å, 1985-1994 [Monitoring of otter Lutra lutra in Karup Å, Hvidbjerg Å / Thy, Ryå and Skalså, 1985-1994]. Danmarks Miljøundersøgelser, Faglig rapport [Danish Environmental Research: Professional Report]. 171: 42 pp.
Madsen, A.B., H.H. Dietz, P. Henriksen, and B. Clausen. (1999). Survey of Danish free living otters: A consecutive collection and necropsy of dead bodies. IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, 16(2): 58-110. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume16/Madsen_et_al_1999.html
Madsen, A.B., H.H. Dietz, P. Henriksen, and B. Clausen. (2000). Survey of Danish free living otters: A consecutive collection and necropsy of dead bodies. Proceedings of the First Otter Toxicology Conference, Isle of Skye. pp. 47-56.
Madsen, A.B., N. C. Christensen, and L. Jacobsen. (1992). Odderens (Lutra lutraL.) forekomst i Denmark 1991 og udviklingen i bestnaden 1986-1991[Occurrence of the otter (Lutra lutra L.) in Denmark 1991 and the development in the population 1986-1991]. Flora og Fauna [Flora and Fauna], 98(3+4): 47-52.
Madsen, A.B., N. Kanstrup, and B. Sogaard. (1994). Lead pellets in Danish otters Lutra lutra. Conseil de l’Europe, Rencontres environnement [Council of Europe, Environment Meetings], 24: 217-219.
Madsen, Aksel Bo (1986). Oddere og Aleruser. Stencil report. "Projekt Odder", Verdensnaturfonden WWF og Foreningen til Dyrenes Beskyttelse [Otters and Eel Rushes. Stencil report. "Project Odder", WWF and the Association for the Protection of Animals].
Maizeret, C. and A. Camby. (1981). Incidence of evolution of human settlement on the status of the otter in the Valley Eyre. Symposium of the Grande Lande, Sabres, December 1981. (unable to confirm publisher)
Maizeret, C. and A. Camby. (1983). Otters in France. SFEPM [Société Française pour l’Etude et la Protection des Mammifères] Report/Ministry of the Environment. (unable to confirm publication information)
Maizeret, C., Camby, A., Gross, F. & Delarche, A. (1981). Determination des causes de rarefaction de la loutre Lutra lutra. Etude methodologique sur un ruisseau du sud ouest de la France. [Determining causes of scarcity of otter: Methodological study on stream in southwestern France] Bull Groupe Loutres, 6: 4-10.
Malatesta, A. and G.F. Willemsen (1986). A lgarolutra g.n. established for a fossil otter of the Sardinia island. Geologica Romana, 25: 285-286.
Malatesta, D., V.R. Simpson, L. Fontanesi, R. Fusillo, M. Marcelli, L. Bongiovanni, M. Romanucci, C. Palmieri, and L. Della Salda. (2014). First description of Adiaspiromycosis in an Eurasian otter (Lutra Lutra) in Italy. Veternaria Italiana, 50(3):199-202.
Mammal Assemblage Group Lorrain: F. Léger, and J.M Remy. (year unknown). Otter survey in the NRP [Parc Naturel Régional]. Lorraine.(unable to confirm publication information)
Mammal Assemblage Group Normand. (1995). Status of the otter in the Cotentin. PNR [Parc Naturel Régional] Cotentin and Bessi, St-Lô. .(unable to confirm publication information)
Manjrekar, M.P. and C.L. Prabu. (2014). Status of otters in the Sundarbans Tiger Reserve, West Bengal, India. IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, 31(2): 61-64. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume31/Manjrekar_Prabu_2014.html
Marcelli, M. and R. Fusillo (2009a). Assessing range re-expansion and recolonization of human-impacted landscapes by threatened species: A case study of the otter (Lutra lutra) in Italy. Biodiversity and Conservation, 18(11): 2941-2959.
Marcelli, M. and R. Fusillo. (2009b). Monitoring peripheral populations of the Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra) in southern Italy: New occurrences in the Sila National Park. IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, 26: 10-14. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume26/Marcelli_Fusillo_2009.html
Marcelli, M., L. Poledník, K. Poledníková, and R. Fusillo. (2012). Land use drivers of species re-expansion: Inferring colonization dynamics in Eurasian otters. Diversity and Distributions, 18, 1001-1012.
Marcolin, F., F. Iordan, E. Pizzul, A. Pallavicini, V. Torboli, C. Manfrin, and L. Quaglietta. (2020). Otter diet and prey selection in a recently recolonized area assessed using microscope analysis and DNA barcoding.Hystrix. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4404/hystrix-00260-2019
Margalida, A. (2005). Use of small rich patches by Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra L.) females and cubs during the pre-dispersal period. Journal of Zoology, 265(4): 339-346.
Marnell, F., L. Ó Néill, and D. Lynn. (2011). How to calculate range and population size for the otter: The Irish approach as a case study. IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, 28(8): 15-22. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume28B/Marnell_et_al_2011.html
Marques, C., (2010). Depleção de presas pela lontra euroasiática (Lutra lutra) numa ribeira mediterrânica durante a seca estival [Depletion of prey by the Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra) in a Mediterranean stream during the summer drought]. Master Thesis. Évora University, Évora, Portugal.
Marroncle, A. Charente-Maritime in (2012). Otter returns, but always feared the car. Website Charente Libre,1st March 2012. (unable to confirm a publication)
Marshall, H. (1991).Recent otter records in Devon. Rep. Trans. Devon Ass. Advmt Sci.[Report and Transactions-The Devonshire Association for the Advancement of Science]. 123: 137-148.
Martens, V. (1988). Otter survey in the northern part of the Netherlands. IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, 3. 2 pp. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume4/Martens_1989.html
Martin, C., D. Diethelm and H.U Mueller. (1976). Otter: its presence, its conditions and its conservation in Switzerland. Study on a selection of 16 otter habitats, executed on behalf of the Federal Inspectorate forests, WWF Switzerland and LSN. Institute of Zoology. University of Zurich, 48 pp.
Martin, E.S., M. Heurich, J. Muller, L. Bufka, and J. Fickel. (2017). Genetic variability and size estimates of the Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra) population in the Bohemian forest ecosystem. Mammalian Biology, 86:42-47.
Martínez-Abraín, A., N. Marí-Mena, A. Vizcaíno, J, Vierna, C. Veloy, M. Amboage, A. Guitián-Caamaño, C. Key, and M. Vila. (2020). Determinants of Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra) diet in a seasonally changing reservoir. Hydrobiologia, 847: 1803-1816.
Mason, C. (1993). Organochlorine contaminants in spraints from captive otters. IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, 8: 18-19. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume8/Mason_1993.html
Mason, C. F. (1998). Decline of PCB levels in otters (Lutra lutra). Chemosphere, 36:169-171.
Mason, C. F., S.M. MacDonald, and F. Christopher. (2004). Growth in otter (Lutra lutra) populations in the UK as shown by long-term monitoring. Ambio, 33(3): 148-152.
Mason, C.F. (1986). Organochlorine residues in otter spraints from Hungary. IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, 1(2): 26. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume2/Mason_1987.html
Mason, C.F. (1988). Concentrations of organochlorine residues and metals in tissues ofotters Lutra lutra from the British Isles 1985-1986. Lutra, 31: 62-67.
Mason, C.F. (1989a). Consequences of contamination for otter reintroduction programmes. Lutra, 32: 121-123.
Mason, C.F. (1989b). Relationships between organochlorine concentrations in liver and muscle of otters. Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 43: 548-549.
Mason, C.F. (1989c). Water pollution and otter distribution: A review. Lutra, 32(2): 97-131.
Mason, C.F. (1992). Do otter releases make sense? The experience in Great Britain. Habitat, 157-160.
Mason, C.F. (1994). Freshwater contaminants and otters. Conseil de l’Europe, Rencontres environnement [Council of Europe, Environment Meetings], 24: 133.
Mason, C.F. (1995). Habitat quality, water quality and otter distribution habitat. Hystrix, 7(1-2): 195-207.
Mason, C.F. and A. Stephenson. (2001). Metals in tissues of European otters (Lutra lutra) from Denmark, Great Britain and Ireland. Chemosphere, 44: 351-353.
Mason, C.F. and A.B. Madsen. (1990). Mortality condition in otters Lutra lutra from Denmark and Great Britain. Natura Jutlandica, 22(14): 217-220.
Mason, C.F. and A.B. Madsen. (1992). Mercury in Danish otters (Lutra lutra). Chemosphere, 25(6): 865-867.
Mason, C.F. and A.B. Madsen. (1993). Organochlorine pesticide residues and PCBs in Danish otters (Lutra lutra). The Science of the Total Environment, 133: 73-81.
Mason, C.F. and J.R. Ratford. (1994). PCB congeners in tissues of European otter (Lutra lutra). Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 53: 548-554.
Mason, C.F. and S.M. Macdonald. (1980). The winter diet of otters on a Scottish sea loch. The Mammal Society, 41: 558-561
Mason, C.F. and S.M. Macdonald. (1986). Otters: Ecology. University Press, Cambridge. 236 pp.
Mason, C.F. and S.M. Macdonald. (1987a). Acidification and otter (Lutra lutra) distribution on a British river. Mammalia, 51(1): 81-87.
Mason, C.F. and S.M. Macdonald. (1987b). The use of spraints for surveying otter Lutra lutra populations: An evaluation. Biological Conservation, 41: 167-177.
Mason, C.F. and S.M. Macdonald. (1988). Radioactivity in otter scats in Britain following the Tchernobyl reactor accident. Water, Air and Soil Pollution, 37: 131-137.
Mason, C.F. and S.M. Macdonald. (1989). Acidification and otter (Lutra lutra) distribution in Scotland. Water, Air and Soil Pollution, 43: 365-374.
Mason, C.F. and S.M. Macdonald. (1993). Impact of organochlorine pesticide residues and PCBs on otters (Lutra lutra): A study from western Britain. The Sciences of the Total Environment, 138: 127-145
Mason, C.F. and S.M. Macdonald. (1994). PCBs and organochlorine pesticide residues in otters (Lutra lutra) and in spraints from SW England and their likely impact on populations. The Sciences of the Total Environment, 144: 305-312.
Mason, C.F. and S.M. Macdonald. (2009). Otters: Ecology and Conservation. Cambridge University Press
Mason, C.F. and T. Lode. (1992). Analyse de la concentration des résidus de pesticides organochlorés et PCBs dans les fécès de la Loutre Lutra lutra dans la région des pays de Loire [Analysis of the concentration of residues of organochlorine pesticides and PCBs in the faeces of the Lutra Lutra otter in the region of the countries of Loire]. Bull.soc.sc.nat.ouest de la France [Bulletin de la Société des sciences naturelles del’Ouest de la France], 14(4): 109-111.
Mason, C.F. and W.M. O’Sullivan. (1992). Organochlorine pesticide residues and PCBs in otters (Lutra lutra) from Ireland. Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 48: 387-393.
Mason, C.F. and W.M. O’Sullivan. (1993). Relationships between PCBs in otter livers and spraints from gut and environment. IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, 8: 20-21. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume8/Mason_OSullivan_1993.html
Mason, C.F., N.I. Last, and S.M. Macdonald. (1986). Mercury, cadmium, and lead in British otters. Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 37: 844-849.
Mason, C.F., S.M. Macdonald, H.C. Bland, and J. Ratford. (1992). Organochlorine pesticide and PCB contents in otter (Lutra lutra) scats from western Scotland. Water, Air and Soil Pollution, 64: 617-626.
Mason, C.F., T.C. Ford, and N.I. Last. (1986). Organochlorine residues in British otters. Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 36: 656-661.
Matcham, C. (year unknown). Building a holt from recycecled plastic. Otters & Rivers Project. Surrey Wildlife Trust. 4 pp. (this is a holt for Lutra lutra)
Mateo, R., D. Saavedra, and R. Guitart. (1999). Reintroduction of the otter (Lutra lutra) into Catalan Rivers, Spain: Assessing organochlorine residue exposure through diet. Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 63(2): 248-255.
Mathé, P. (2002). Prospective study on the presence of the otter and its distribution over the watershed Pique (Haute-Garonne). Internship Report BTS-GPN, 21pp. (unable to confirm acronym definitions)
Mathevet, R. (1996). Statut de la loutre d’Europe Lutra lutra en France méditerranéenne et plus particulièrement en Camargue [Status of the European otter Lutra lutra in Mediterranean France and more particularly in the Camargue] Faune de Provence CEEP [European Center of Employers and Enterprises Providing Public Services] 17: 49-55. (interpretation of acronym definition is questionable)
Mathevet, R., A. Olivier, and J.L. Lucchesi. (2005). La Loutre d’Europe dans le Grand Delta du Rhône: Historique et perspectives [European Otter in the Grand Rhône Delta: History and prospects]. Actes du 27è colloque francophone de mammalogie de la SFEPM [Proceedings of the 27th Francophone Mammalogy Symposium of the SFEPM]. pp. 47-54.
Mathevet, V. (2005). Using the biology and ecology of species in evaluating the quality and functioning of the environment: The example of the European otter. Mem. Dipl. Prof. University of Blaise Pascal, Clermont-Ferrand, 25 pp. + Annexes.
Mathias, P. (1933). On the distribution of the otter in France. Bull. Soc. Centr. Aquac. Fishing, 40: 73-78. (unable to interpret publisher abbreviations)
Matless, D., P. Merchant, and C. Watkins. (2005). Animal landscapes: Otters and wildfowl in England 1945-1970.Transactions of the Institute of British Geographers New Series, 30(2): 191-205.
Matsuda, K., B-K. Baek, and C-W. Lim. (2003). Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra), a definitive host for Dirofilaria immitis. Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine, 34(2): 200-201.
Mau, H. (1985). Der Fischotter-Verhalten und Zucht [The otter: Behaviour and breeding]. Wildbiologische Gesellschaft Munchen [Wildlife Biological Society Munich]. 30 pp.
Mau, H., Klaus, S. (1996). Neufund des Fischotters (Lutra lutra) in Thüringen.Landscahftspflege und Naturschutz in Thüringen [New discovery of the otter (Lutra lutra) in Thuringia]. Landscape Maintenance and Nature Conservation in Thuringia, 33: 100-101.
Maxwell, G. (1963). My Friends Otters. Ed Hachette, Paris, 222 p.
Mazet, A. (2002). Relation entre la pollution par les PCB’s et les populations de loutres de la région Rhone-Alpes [Alpes Rapport de DEA [Relationship between PCB’s pollution and otter populations in the Rhone-Alpes region]. Université J. Fourier, Grenoble. 67 pp.
Mazet, A. (2005a). Ecotoxicological and environmental study of the Drôme River. Pursuant to the survival of the otter. PhD thesis, University J. Fourier, Grenoble. 228 pp.
Mazet, A. (2005b). Prospection de la Loutre d’Europe dans la Drôme et étude écotoxicologique de ce milieu [Prospecting the European Otter in the Drôme and study ecotoxicological of this environment ]. Actes du 27è colloque francophone de mammalogie de la SFEPM [Proceedings of the 27th Francophone Mammalogy Symposium]. pp. 87-92.
Mazet, A. and L. Jacob. (2005). Exploration of the European otter in the Drôme and ecotoxicological study of this medium. In: "Conservation of Otter", Proceedings of the XXVII Conference of Francophone Mammalogy, 9 & 10 October 2004, Limoges Ed. SFEPM/GMHL [Société Française pour l’Etude et la Protection des Mammifères/Groupe Mammalogique et Herpétologique du Limousin]. pp. 87-92.
Mazet, A. and P. Berny. (2003). Pesticide poisoning in otters in France: Data from the SAGIR [surveiller pour agir] Network. Proceedings of the European Otter Conference "Return of the Otter in Europe-Where and How?" 2 pp.
Mazet, A., G. Keck and P. Berny. (2005). Concentrations of PCBs in 2005, organochlorine pesticides and heavy metals (lead, cadmium and copper) in fish from the Drôme river: Potential effects on otters. Chemosphere, 61(6): 810-816.
Mazet, A., G. Keck, and P. Berny. (2004). PCB’s in fish of the Ardeche River: Potential implications for the survival of the otter (Lutra lutra). Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 72: 784-790.
Mazet, A., P. Berny and G. Keck. (2003). Survival and development of otter colonies on the Rhone-Alpes Region in France, in relation to PCB contamination. Proceedings of the European Otter Conference " Return of the Otter in Europe, Where and how? Isle of Skye, Scotland,
Mc Cafferty, D. (2005). The dietary response of otters (Lutra lutra) to introduced ruffe (Gymnocephalus cernuus) in Loch Lommond, Scotland. Journal of Zoology (London), 266: 255-260.
Mc Cafferty, D. (2007). Importance of ruffe (Gymnocephalus cernus) in the diet of otters (Lutra lutra) in Loch Lomond, Scotland. Proceedings of the European Otter Conference, “Return of the Otter in Europe, Where and How?" 7 pp.
McCarthy, T.K. and D. J. Hassett. (1993). Cryptocotyle lingua (Creplin) (Digenea: Heterophyidae) and other parasites of a coastal otter Lutra lutra (L.). The Irish Naturalists’ Journal, 24(7): 280-282.
McDonald, R.A., K. O’Hara, and D.J. Morrish. (2007). Decline of invasive alien mink (Mustela vison) is concurrent with recovery of native otters (Lutra lutra). Diversity and Distributions, 13: 92-98.
McFadden, Y.M.T. and J.S. Fairley. (1984). Food of otters Lutra lutra (L.) in an Irish limestone river system with special reference to the crayfish Austropota mobius pallipes (Lereboullet). Journal of the Life Sciences Royal Dublin Society, 5: 65-76.
McMahon, J. and D.J. Mc Cafferty. (2006). Distribution and diet of otters (Lutra lutra) in marine areas of Loch Lomond and the Trossachs National Park, Scotland, UK. Lutra, 49(1): 29-36.
Mead, D., F. Hailer, E. Chadwick, R. P. Miguez, M. Smith, C. Corton, K. Oliver, J. Skelton, E. Betteridge, J. Doulcan Doulcan, O. Dudchenko, A. Omer, D. Weisz, E. Lieberman Aiden, S. McCarthy, K. Howe, Y. Sims, J. Torrance, A. Tracey, R. Challis, R. Durbin, and M. Blaxter. (2020). The genome sequence of the Eurasian river otter Lutra lutra (Linnaeus 1758). Open Resource,19(5): 33.
Mecozzi, B., A. Iannucci, F. Bona, I. Mazzini, P. Pieruccini, and R. Sardella. (2021). RediscoveringLutra lutrafrom Grotta Romanelli (southern Italy) in the framework of the puzzling evolutionary history of Eurasian otter. Paläontologische Zeitschrift. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12542-021-00553-y
Melisch, R. (1993). West Javan Otter Survey Planned for 1993. IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, 8: 12. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume8/Melisch_1993.html
Melisch, R. (1994). Otter Project, Asian Wetland Burau-Indonesia. IWRB News [Integrated Water Resources Management News], 12: 10.
Melisch, R. and I.R. Lubis. (1996). Otters and their role in ricefields and fish ponds of West Java, Indonesia. Fish Farms: Proceeding International Workshop, Litschau, Austria. 8-9 February 1996. pp. 23-32.
Melisch, R., L. Kusumawardhani, P.B. Asmoro, and I.R. Lubis. (1994). The Role of Otters (Mustelidae, Carnivora) in Rice-Fields and Fisheries in West Java, Indonesia. In: Universität Hohenheim ed.). Tropentag 1994 Nähstoffkreisläufe [Nutrient Cycles]. pp. 45-46.
Melisch, R., L. Young, and Y. Sadovy. (1998). Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra) still present in Hong Kong. IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, 15(1): 45-46. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume15/Melisch_et_al_1998.html
Melisch, R.and G. Rietschel. (1996). The Eurasian otter Lutra lutrain Afghanistan. Bonn. Zool. Beitr. [Bonner Zoologiishe Beitrage], 46: 367-375.
Melissen, A. (2000). Husbandry guidelines for Lutra. Lutra. Otterpark Aqualutra. 67 pp.
Meloche, J. (1996). Anthology of otter. pp. 103-126. In: Natural History of the Carnivores of France. An anthology. Méloé Edition.
Memedemin, D., M. Tudor, D Cogalniceanu, M. Skolka, G. Banica, and L. Rozylowicz. (2017). Update on the geographic distribution of Lutra lutra at the Romanian Black Sea coast. Travaux du Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle [Works of the National Museum of Natural History], 60(1): 413-417.
Méndez-Hermida, F., H. Gómez-Couso, R. Romero-Suances, and E. Ares-Mazás. (2006). Cryptosporidium and Giardia in Wild Otters (Lutra lutra) Veterinary Pathology Nationale Campagne Bescherming Roofdieren [National Campaign for the Protection of Predators]. 140 pp.
Mercier, L. (1995). Renaissance otter in Alsace. Rapp. BTS GPN, 37 pp. (unable to confirm acronym definitions)
Mercier, L. (2000). Statutes otter, European mink and mink in the Ossau valley and surroundings. Mem. Control, University Poitiers. Poitiers, France. 24 pp.
Mercier, L. (2001). Diet of otters on the island of Noirmoutier (France). Memory DES, University of Liège. Liege, Belgium. Zoology-URZ [University Computing Center], 45pp. (unable to confirm definition of first acronym)
Mercier, L. (2003a). Assessment of the otter (Lutra lutra) re-introduction experience in France and the EEP strategy. Proceeedings of the European Otter Conference " Return of the Otter in Europe, Where and how? "Isle of Skye” (Scotland), July 2003. (unable to confirm acronym definition)
Mercier, L. (2003b). Régime alimentaire de la Loutre, Lutra lutra , sur l’ile de Noirmoutier (Vendée) [Diet of the Otter Lutra lutra on Noirmoutier Island (Vendée)]. Le Naturaliste Vendéen [The Vendéen Naturalist]. 3: 121-131.
Mercier, L. (2004). Bilan de la réintroduction de la Loutre Lutra lutra (Linné, 1758) en Alsace, France [Review of the reintroduction of the Otter Lutra lutra (Linné,1758) in Alsace, France]. Bulletin de la Société d’Histoire Naturelle et d’Ethnographie de Colmar. [Bulletin of the Natural History and Ethnography Society of Colmar]. 65: 117-134.
Mercier, L. (2005a). Conservation ex situ de la Loutre d’Europe [Ex situ conservation of the European otter]. Actes du 27è colloque francophone de mammalogie de la SFEPM [Proceedings of the 27th Francophone Mammalogy Symposium]. pp. 167-176.
Mercier, L. (2005b). Croissance et élevage de jeunes loutres d’Europe (Lutra lutra L.) au Centre de reproduction de Hunawihr, Alsace [Growth and rearing of young European otters (Lutra lutra L.) in Hunawihr Breeding Center, Alsace]. Arvicola, XVII (1) 17-21.
Mercier, L. (2005c). Optimizing the national collection and storage of specimens of aquatic mammals: from the perspective of a better scientific development. in: "Conservation of the Otter", Proceedings of the XXVII Conference of Francophone Mammalogy, 9 and 10.
Mercier, L. (2006). Méthode d’analyse du régime alimentaire de la Loutre d’Europe Lutra lutra [European Otter Lutra lutra diet analysis method]. Association Perennis [Perennis Association]. 24 pp.
Mercier, L. (2007). Assessment of the otter (Lutra lutra) re-introduction experience in France and the EEP strategy. Proceedings of the European Otter Conference "Return of the Otter in Europe-Where and How?" 8 pp. (unable to confirm acronym definition)
Mercier, L. (2008). Bibliographie sur la loutre, d’Europe. Lutra lutra [Bibliography on the otter, from Europe. Lutra lutra]. Perennis, 37pp.
Mercier, L. and G. Fried. (2004). Preliminary Study of the Tracks of Captive Otters (Lutra lutra) as a Tool for Field Research. IUCN Otter Spec. Group Bull., 21(2): 94-99 https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume21/Mercier_Fried_2004.html
Mercier, L. and G. Fried. (2007). Preliminary study of otter (Lutra lutra): Prints in captivity as a tool for field research. Proceedings of the European Otter Conference "Return of the Otter in Europe-Where and How?" 5 pp.
Metsu, I. and K. van den Berge. (1987). De otter in Vlaanderen. Rapport 1: inventaris van historische en recente verspreidingsgegevens van de otter Lutra lutra L. In Vlaanderen en aangrenzende gebieden [The otters in Flanders. Report 1: Inventory of historical and recent distribution data of the otter Lutra lutra L. in Flanders and adjacent areas]. Gavere: Nationale Campagne Bescherming Roofdieren [National Campaign for the Protection of Predators ]1987. 287 pp.
Michaux, J. (2018). Why some species disappear and others expand? The example of the minks (M. lutreola and N. vison) and the European otter (Lutra lutra). ORBI [Open Repository and Bibliography].
Michel, E. (1978). Némorin otters. Ed Imp. Jacques & Demontrond, Besançon. (unable to interpret title)
Michelat, D. (1990). Study the status of the otter on the set of a thousand lakes. Universit Centre. Franche-Comté, PNR [Parc Naturel Régional] Ballons des Vosges. (unable to confirm publication)
Michelot, J.L (1992). Status of the otter in the Rhone basin from 1982 to 1992. Elements for a reintroduction. CNR Report/CORA, 123 pp. (unable to confirm publication and acronym definitions)
Michelot, J.L and R. Bendele. (1995). Status of the otter in the Rhone basin and the Department of Ardèche. Ethology, 15(2-3-4): 223-232.
Michelot, J.L et al. (1995). Draft reintroduction of the otter in the Rhone basin: Contamination of rivers by PCBs. Rapp. CORA-EPFL/CNR. 41pp. + Annexes. (unable to confirm publication and acronym definitions)
Michelot, J.L., L.F. De Alencastro, L. Laurent, K. Becker, and D. Granjean. (1998). Contamination par les PCB et les métaux lourds de différents cours d’eau de la région Rhone-Alpes et potentialités de réintroduction de la Loutre [Contamination by PCBs and heavy metals of various rivers in the Rhone-Alpes region and potential for reintroduction of the otter]. Le Bièvre [The Bievre], 16: 3-27.
Mickevicius, E. (1993). The otter in Lithuania. IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, 8: 29-31. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume8/Mickeviclus_1993.html
Mikheyev A.V. (2017). The diet range of the otter (lutra lutra, Carnivora, Mustelidae) in the southeast of ukraine (the dnepropetrovsk region taken as an example). Institute for Problems of Nature Management and Ecology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine. Zoological Journal, 96(9): 1090-1097.
Miller, I. and A.C. Gutleb. (1996). Serum albumin of the otter (Lutra lutra L. 1758): An electrophoretic study. IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, 13(1): 14-19. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume13/Miller_Gutleb_1996.html
Miller, I., A,C. Gutleb, A. Kranz, and M. Gemeiner. (1995). Forensics on wild animals: Differentiation between otter and pheasant blood using electrophoretic methods. Electrophoresis, 16: 865-868.
Mingarelli, H. (2004). Beauty otters. Ed Seuil/Points. 171 pp. (Novel)
Ministerium für Umwelt, Naturschutz und Raumordnung des Landes Brandenburg (year unknown) [Ministry for the Environment, Nature Conservation and Regional Planning of the State of Brandenburg]. (ed.). Artenschutzprogramm Elbebiber und Fischotter [Elbe beaver and otter species protection program]. 51 pp.
Ministerium für Umwelt. [Ministry for the Environment]. Natur und Forsten deas Landes Schleswig-Holstein (2001) Fischotterschutz in Schleswig-Holstein.[Nature and Forests of the State of Schleswig-Holstein (2001) Protection of otters in Schleswig-Holstein]. 25 pp. (in German).
Miranda R., M. Díez-León, and C. Escala. (2005). Length relationships of cyprinid prey in diet analysis of Eurasian otter Lutra lutra in Mediterranean habitats. Folia Zoologica, 54(4): 443-447.
Miranda, R., G,H. Copp, J. Williams, K. Beyer, and R.E. Gozlan. (2008). Do Eurasian otters Lutra lutra (L.) in the Somerset Levels prey preferentially on non-native fish species? Fundamental and Applied Limnology, 172: 339-347.
Mitchell-Jones, A.J., D.J. Jefferies, J. Twelves, and J. and R. Green. (1984). Practical system of tracking otters using radiotelemetry and 65-Zn. Lutra, 27: 71-83.
Mohtasebi, S. and F. Tabatabaei. (2018). Evidence of the presence of Lutra lutra in Taleqan, Alborz Province, Iran. IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, 35(3): 156-158. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume35/Mohtasebi_Tabatabaei_2018.html
Moll, G.C.M.van (1988). Causes of Otter Mortality in the Netherlands between 1963 end 1987 IUCN Otter Spec. Group Bull. 3: 9 https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume3/vanMoll_1988.html
Moll, G.C.M. van (1990). European otters and preventive measures in fish-fykes. IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, 5: 35-40. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume5/Van_Moll_1990.html
Moll, G.C.M. van and A.M.P.M. Christoffels, (1989). De otter.Lutra lutra L., in Nederland sterfgevallen en verspreiding van 1965 tot 1988 [The otter Lutra lutra L.: Deaths and distribution in the Netherlands from 1965 to 1988]. 63 pp.
Monfort, D. (2006). Otter: Study of habitats and species in the Natura 2000 site "Marsh et Vilain Redon." Synthesis Report of the Planning Institute of Vilaine, West Development: pp. 69-99.
Montfort, D. (2009). Expertise Loutrologique-Valley Erdre [Loutrological expertise-Valley Erdre] . Am West Report, Edenn. 85 pp. (unable to confirm publisher)
Montgomery, R.A. McDonald, J.T.A. Dick, and J.S. Fairley. (2007). Temporal and spatial variation in otter Lutra lutra diet in Northern Ireland. Biology and Environment, Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy 107B: pp. 61-66.
Morales, C.F. (2002). Phylogeography of the European otter (Lutra lutra) in the western part of its range. Memory OF University of Liège. (unable to confirm acronym definition)
Morales, F. (2002). Variabilité génétique des populations de loutre européenne [Genetic variability in European otter populations]. Rapport Maitrise Incomplet [Incomplete Control Report]. 13 pp.
Morales, J., J. Ruiz-Olmo, M. Lizana, and J. Gutierrez. (2016). Skinning toads is innate behaviour in otter (Lutralutra) cubs.EthologyEcology & Evolution, 28(4): 414-426.
Moran, J.F. (2003). Aspectos veterinarios del programa de reintroduccion de la nutria Euroasiatica: hematologia, anestesia y control de la respuesta de estres. [Veterinary aspects of the Eurasia otter reintroduction program: Hematology, anesthesia and stress response control]. Mémoire de these [Thesis dissertation]. 181 pp.
Moran, J.F., E. Perez, M. Sanmartin, D. Saavedra, and X. Manteca-Vilanova. (2001). Reversible immobilization of Eurasian otters with a combination of Ketamine and Metedomidine. Journal of Wildlife Diseases, 37(3) 561-565.
Moran, J.F., L. Molina, G. Flamme, D. Saavedra, and X. Manteca-Vilanova. (2001). Hematological and biochemical reference intervals for wild caught Eurasian otter from Spain. Journal of Wildlife Diseases, 37(1): 159-163.
Morand-Aurier, C. (1910). My Secrets, Why and How I Take the Otter. Pouzol Printing, Riom. 29 pp.
Morisset, A. (2008). Management conservatory heritage species. European otter in the Marais Breton Vendéen: Analysis of cases of road deaths on road projects. Rapp. BTS GPN management of natural areas, session 2006-2008, 68 pp. (unable to confirm acronym definitions)
Mougeot, F. and J. R. Ramiro. (2019). Commensal association of the common kingfisher with foraging Eurasian otters. Ethology, 125(12): 965-971.
Moyon, X. (2000). European otter in the Brière marsh. arrangements to optimize the local population. Mem. BTS-GPN. (unable to confirm acronym definitions)
Moyon, X. (2005). Reduced risk of mortality; Otter on the existing road network. Intervention techniques opportunities In: Technical Symposium on the Conservation of European Mink and its habitats. 19-22 October 2004, Moliets et Maa (Landes).
Mucci, N. (2008). Assessing the patterns of genetic diversity in otter (Lutra lutra) populations in Europe. PhD thesis, University of Bologna, Istituto Nazionale per la Fauna Selvatica (Italia), 70 pp.
Mucci, N. and E. Randi. (2007). Sex identification of Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra): Non-invasive DNA samples using ZFX/ZFY sequences. Conservation Genetics, 4 pp.
Mucci, N., C. Pertoldi, A.B. Madsen, V. Loeschcke, and. E. Randi. (1999). Extremely low mitochondrial DNA control-region sequence variation in the otter Lutra lutra population of Denmark. Hereditas, 130: 331-336..
Mucci, N., J. Arrendal, H. Ansorge, M. Bailey, M. Bodner, M. Delibes, A. Ferrando, P. Fournier, C. Fournier, J.A Godoy, G. Ludwig, P. Hajkova, S. Hauer, T.M. Heggberget, D. Heidecke, H. Jansman, H. Kirjavainen, H.H. Krueger, K. Kvaloy, L. Lafontaine, J. Lanszki, C. Lemarchand, U.M Liukko, V. Loeschcke, G. Ludwig, A. B Madsen, L. Mercier, J. Ozolins, M. Paunovic, C. Pertoldi, A. Piriz, C. Prigioni, T. Sales Luis, T. Stjernberg, H. Schmid, F. Suchentrunk, J. Teubner, and R. Tornberg. (2010). Genetic diversity and landscape genetic structure of otter (Lutra lutra) populations in Europe. Conservation Genetics, 11: 583-599.
Mudappa, D, Prakash, N, Pawar, P, Srinivasan, K, Ram, MS, Kittur, S and Umapathy, G (2018). First Record of Eurasian Otter Lutra lutra in the Anamalai Hills, Southern Western Ghats, India. IUCN Otter Spec. Group Bull. 35 (1): 47 - 56 https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume35/Mudappa_et_al_2018.html
Müller, C. and J.C Renaud. (2002). Experience reintroduction of otters in Alsace: first assessment after six months follow-up. In: "Study and Conservation of Carnivores", Proceedings of the 23rd Symposium Francophone Mammalogy, SFEPM [Société Française pour l’Etude et la Protection des Mammifères], Maisons-Alfort, 999: 20-23.
Müller, C. and J.C. Renaud. (1999) Experience reintroduction of otters in Alsace. Initial assessment after 5 months of follow-up. Rapp. Otter Centre Hunawihr. 9 pp.
Müller, C., J.C Renaud, and A. Bernis. (200?). Study of the diet of the first two otters reintroduced in Alsace. Handout, 17 pp.(unable to confirm year and publisher)
Murk, A.J., P.E.G. Leonards, B. Van Hattum, R. Luit, M.E.J. Van Der Weiden, and M. Smit. (1998). Application of biomarkers for exposure and effect of polyhalogenated aromatic hydrocarbons in naturally exposed European otters (Lutra lutra). Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology, 6: 91-102.
Murphy, K.P. and J. S. Fairley. (1985). Food of otters Lutra lutra on the south shore of Galway Bay. Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy, 85B: 47-55.
Murphy, K.P. and J.S. Fairley. (1985). Food and sprainting places of otters on the west coast of Ireland. Irish Naturalists’ Journal, 21: 477-479.
Musy, M. (1918). Destruction of the otter in Switzerland. Bull. Soc. Sci. Nat. [Bulletin de la Société neuchâteloise des sciences naturelles] Fribourg, 24: 163-171.
Mysiak, J., K. Schwerdtner, and I. Ring. (2004). Comparative analysis of the conflicts between carp pond farming and the protection of otters (Lutra lutra) in Upper Lutasia and South Bohemia. Department of Economies, Sociology and Law(OEKUS). August-04 28. (unable to confirm publication)
Top
Naderi, S, Mirzahani, A and E. Hadipour. (2017). Distribution of and threats to the Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra) in the Anzali Wetland, Iran. IUCN Otter Specialist Group Buletin, 34(2): 84- 94. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume34/Naderi_et_al_2017.html
Nagulu, V.,V. Vasudeva Rao, and C. Srinivasulu. (1999). Curative property of otter blood: A Belief. IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, 16(1):44. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume16/Vangla_et_al_1999.html
Nagy, D. (2002). Data on the feeding biology of otters (Lutra lutra L.) in the lakes Balaton and Kis-Balaton in Hungary. Opusc. Zool. Budapest 34, 59-66. (unable to translate publisher abbreviations)
Nakanishi, N. and M. Izawa. (2019). Rediscovery of otters on the Tsushima Islands, Japan by Trail Cameras. Mammal Study, 44(3): 215-220.
Narváez, M., S. Cabezas, F.B. Garrido, R. Baos, M. Clavero, and M. Delibes. (2020). Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra) diet as an early indicator of recovery in defaunated river communities. Ecological Indicators, 117. Article 106547.
Natchevnikolay, N., Z. Petkov, G. Dashev, I. Atanasovaand, and N. Chipev. (2018). Dietary specifications reflect the feeding behaviour of the European otter (Lutra lutra) in “Strandzha” Natural Park (Bulgaria). Acta Scientifica Naturalis, 2(1).
Natural England (2007d). Otter Breeding Sites (IN129). Conserving Natura 2000 Rivers. Conservation Techniques Series no. 5. Natural England.
Natural England. (2007a). Ecology of the European Otter Lutra lutra (IN111). Conserving Natura 2000 Rivers. Ecology Series no. 10. Natural England.
Natural England. (2007b). Monitoring the Otter Lutra lutra (IN112). Conserving Natura 2000 Rivers. Monitoring Series no. 10. Natural England.
Natural England. (2007c). Monitoring the Otters in SACs: Testing the protocol. (ENRR 644). Conserving Natura 2000 Rivers. Natural England. (unable to confirm acronym definition)
Natuur en Milieu (1996). De otter terug in Overijssel. [The otter back in Overijssel]. Information folder. (unable to confirm publisher]
Nawab, A. (2007). Ecology of otters in Corbett Tiger Reserve, Uttarakhand, India. Diss. Ph.D. Thesis, Forest Research Institute, Dehradun, India.
Nawab, A. and P. Gautam. (2008). Otters: Can they be saved? pp. 592-596.In: M. Sengupta and R. Dalwani, (eds.) Proceedings of Taal20007: The 12th World Lake Conference.
Nazarov, A.A. (1990). Geographical analysis of results of the otter and mink census in the RSFSR [Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic] in 1975-1979. pp. 69-85. In: Biological Foundations of Census of the Game Animal Numbers: Collection of scientiefic Papers. Moscow.
Nelson, C., K. Drouillard, and K. Cheng, J. Elliott, and N. Ismail. (2015). Accumulation of PBDEs [Polybrominated diphenyl ethers] in an urban river otter population and an unusual finding of BDE-209 [Decabromodiphenyl ether-209]. Chemosphere, 118: 322-328.
Nelson, K. and H. Kruuk. (1997). The Prey of Otters: Calorific Content of Eels (Anguilla anguilla) and other Fish, Frogs (Rana temporaria) and Toads (Bufo bufo). IUCN Otter Specialst Group Bulletin, 14(2): 75-80. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume14/Nelson_Kruuk_1997.html
Neri, F. (1991). Summary of observations of the otter population of the Regional Natural Park of Haut Languedoc in 1990. Bulletin of the Ornithologist Group, Tarn, 7: 58-61.
Neronov, V.M. (2007). The distribution and status of Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra) in Russia. Proceedings of the European Otter Conference "Return of the Otter in Europe-Where and How?" 1 p.
Nguyen, D. X. (2006) Current status of otters (Mammalia:Lutrinae) in Vietnam with conservation implications. Tigerpaper, 33(3): 8-14.
Nielson, Chr. Engelstoft (1935). Kortlaegning af odderens (Lutra lutra L.) forekomst i Nordjylland og Viborg amter efteraret 1934. [Occurrence of Lutra lutra in the north of Jutland in the autumn of 1934]. (English Summary). Flora og ’Fauna [Flora and Fauna], 91(3-4), 13-15.
Nijdam, W. (1993). Otterwegennet Noord-Groningen: Ontwikkeling van een ecologische infrastructuur ten behoeve van de otter. Groningen [Otterweg network Noord-Groningen: Development of an ecological infrastructure for the otter. Groningen] 107p (in Dutch). (unable to confirm publisher)
Niraula, M.P. (2009). Status, distribution and habitat of otter in Narayani River, Chitwan National Park. A Bachelor thesis submitted to SchEMS, Pokhara University. 47 pp.
Nisimova, E.I., V.E. Sidorovich, and V.T. Shimalov. (1996). Helminthofauna of otter (Lutra lutra) in Belarus. Vyestsi Akademii Navuk Belarus. Syeryya Biyalahichnykh Navuk 2, 103-106. [Villages of the Academy of Sciences of Belarus. Series of Biological Sciences, 2: 103-106]
Nolet B.A. and H. Kruuk. (1989). Grooming and resting of otters in a marine habitat. The Journal of Zoology (London), 218: 433-440.
Nolet, B.A., D.E.H. Wansink, and H. Kruuk. (1993). Diving of otters (Lutra lutra) in a marine habitat: Use of depths by a single-prey loader. Journal of Animal Ecology, 62(1): 22-23.
Nonnemann, B., M. Chriél, G. Larsen, M. S. Sif Hansen, E. Holm, and K. Pedersen. (2017). Arcanobacterium phocaeinfection in mink (Neovison vison), seals (Phoca vitulina andHalichoerus grypus) and otters (Lutra lutra). Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica, 59: 74.
Norris, D. (1974). A study of the otter (L. lutra) on the River Fergus from July to September 1974. Unpublished Wildlife Service Report.
NPWS (2009). Threat response plan: Otter (2009-2011) National Parks and Wildlife Service, Department of the Environment, Heritage and Local Government, Dublin, Ireland.
Nugaraitè, D., V. Mažeikaand, and A. Paulauskas. (2019). Helminths of mustelids with overlapping ecological niches: Eurasian otter Lutra lutra (Linnaeus, 1758), American mink Neovison vison (Schreber, 1777) and European polecat Mustela putorius (Linnaeus, 1758). Helminthologia, 56(1): 64-74.
Nuno Miguel Peres Sampaio. (2012). Otters and dams in Mediterranean habitats: A conservation ecology approach. Doutor em Biologia (ecologia). Universidade Lisboa. Lisbon, Portugal. 202 pp.
Top
Ó Néill, L., P. Wilson, A. de Jongh,and T. de Jong. (2008). Field techniques for handling, anaesthetising and fitting radio-transmitters to Eurasian otters (Lutra lutra).European Journal of Wildlife Research,54(4):681-687.
O’Neill D., P.D. Turner, D.B. O’Meara, E.A. Chadwick, L. Coffey, and C. O’Reilly. (2013). Development of novel realtime TaqMan® PCR [Polymerase Chain Reaction] assays for the species and sex identification of otter (Lutra lutra) and their application to noninvasive genetic monitoring. Molecular Ecology Resources, 13(5): 877-883.
O’Neill, E.M. (1995). Resource use by otter Lutra lutra in riparian habitats. PhD Thesis. University of Ulster, Northern Ireland.
O’Neill, E.M., K.R. Day, and J.P.H. Paterson. (1996). Predation by otters (Lutra lutra) at a salmon hatchery, evidenced by diet studies. Fish Farms: Proceedings of the International Workshop, Litschau, Austria. 8-9 February 1996. pp. 46-64.
O’Neill, L. (2008). Population dynamics of the Eurasian otter in Ireland: Integrating density and demography into conservation planning. PhD thesis. Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland.
Ó’Neill, L., T. Veldhuizen, A. de Jongh, and T. Rochford. (2009). Ranging behaviour and socio-biology of Eurasian otters (Lutra lutra) on lowland mesotrophic river systems. European Journal of Wildlife Research, 55: 363-370.
O’Sullivan, W. M. (1994). Summer diet of otters on part of the Blackwater catchment. Irish Naturalists’ Journal, 24: 349-54.
O’Sullivan, W.M. (1993). The Nature and distribution of otter resting sites on part of the River Blackwater Catchment, Southern Ireland. Biology and Environment: Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy, 93B(3): 159-162.
O’Sullivan, W.M. (1996). Otter conservation: Factors affecting survival, with particular reference to drainage and pollution within an Irish river system. pp.117-133. In: Reynolds J.D. (ed.). The Conservation of Aquatic Systems. Royal Irish Academy, Dublin, Ireland. 1996: 117-133.
O’Sullivan, W.M., D. P. Sleeman, and D. M. Murphy. (1992). Otters Lutra lutra feeding on carrion. The Irish Naturalists’ Journal, 24(4): 140-143.
O’Sullivan, W.O. (1994). an estimate of otter density within part of the river blackwater catchment, Southern Ireland. Biology and Environment: Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy, 94B(1): 75-81.
Oeko-Fonds (1994). La loutre au Luxembourg et dans les Pays Limitrophes [The otter in Luxembourg and the bordering countries]. (unable to confirm publisher)
Oh, Y., D. Tark, S-Y. Moon, J-I. Han, W-I. Kim, and H-S. Cho. (2018). Sepsis caused by Streptococcus suis Serotype 2 in a Eurasian river otter (Lutra lutra) in the Republic of Korea. Journal of Wildlife Diseases, 54(4): 866-869.
Okamoto, Y., N. Maeda, M. Hirabayashi, and N. Ichinohe. (2020). The situation of pet otters in Japan: Warning by Vets. IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, 37(1): 71-79. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume37/Okamoto_et_al_2020.html
Okamoto, Y., S.-Y Jung, S.-Y. Han, H.-D. Han, K. Shimizu, H.-H. Kim, Eo, H.-T. Oh, K.-W. Park, and J. Kimura. (2018). Analysis of the Steroid Hormone Levels in the Eurasian Otter (Lutra lutra) by using Fecal Samples.IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, 35(3): 159-170. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume35/Okamoto_et_al_2018.html
Oleynikov, A.Y and A.P. Saveljev. (2015). Current distribution, population and population density of the Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra) in Russia and some adjacent countries: A Review. Proceedings European Otter Workshop, 8-11 June 2015, Stockholm, Sweden. IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, 33(A): 21-30. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume33A/Vol33A_Index.html
Oleynikov, A.Y. (2015). Status, hunting value and threats for Eurasian otter in Russia. Poster Session: Proceedings European Otter Workshop. 8-11 June 2015, Stockholm, Sweden. IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, Volume 33 A. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume33A/Vol33A_Index.html
Oleynikov, AY (2019). Behavioral Adaptations of Eurasian Otter (Lutra lutra) to Winter Conditions of Northern Latitudes. Proc.14th Int. Otter Congress, IUCN Otter Spec. Group Bull. 36 (A): 13 – 19 https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume36A/Oleynikov_2019.html
Oliveira M, T, Sales-Luís, A. Duarte, S.F. Nunes, C. Carneiro, T. Tenreiro, R. Tenreiro , M. Santos-Reis, L. Tavares, and C.L. Vilela. (2008). First assessment of microbial diversity in faecal microflora of Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra Linnaeus, 1758) in Portugal. European Journal of Wildlfe Research, 54(2): 245-252.
Oliveira, M., N.M. Pedroso, T. Ribeiro, T. Sales-Luís, L. Tavares, and T. Semedo-Lemsaddek. (2015) Antimicrobial resistant Aeromonas isolated from Eurasian otters (Lutra lutra. Linnaeus,1758) in Portugal. Poster Session: Proceedings European Otter Workshop. 8-11 June 2015, Stockholm, Sweden. IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, Volume 33(A). https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume33A/Vol33A_Index.html
Oliveira, M., N.M. Pedroso, T. Sales-Luis, M. Santos-Reis, L. Tavares, and C.L. Vilela. (2010). Antimicrobial-resistant Salmonella Isolated from Eurasian Otters (Lutra Lutra Linnaeus, 1758) in Portugal. Journal of wildlife Diseases, 46(4): 1257-1261.
Oliveira, M., T. Sales-Ruis, T. Semedo-Lemsaddek, T. Ribeiro, N.M. Pedroso, L. Tavares, and C.L, Viela. (2018). Antimicrobial resistant Aeromonas isolated from Eurasian otters (Lutra lutra Linnaeus, 1758) in Portugal. Chapter 6. pp. 123-143. In: Gupta, V., A. Verma, and M. Abbas. (eds.). Animal Diversity, Natural History and Conservation. Vol. 1. Daya Publishing House.
Olsson, M., L. Reutergardh, and F. Sandegren. (1981). Where is the otter? European Journal of Wildlife Research, 54(2): 245-252.
Oltavini, D., M. Panzacchi, G. J. Lasinio, P. Genovesi, and L. Boitanti. (2009). Modelling semi-aquatic vertebrates at the drainage basin scale: The case of Lutra lutra in Italy. Ecological Modelling, 220(2): 111- 121.
Ornicans A. (1994). Legal status of the otter in Latvia. Conseil de l’Europe, Rencontres environnement [Council of Europe, Environment Meetings], 24: 87-90.
Østerlund Bruun-Schmidt, I., A.B. Madsen, T. Asferg, and O.N. Larsen. (2000). Otters (Lutra lutra) and fish farms in Denmark. Flora and Fauna, 106: 78-89. (in Danish).
Ostman, J., V. Hillegaart, and F. Sandegren. (1984). Behavioural changes in captive female otters (Lutra lutra) around parturition. Otters, pp. 58-63.
Ostrowski, S. (2016). The Eurasian otter Lutra lutra in Afghanistan: A review of the sparse available information. IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, 33(1): 50-53. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume33/Ostrowski_2016.html
Otter Group Luxembourg. (1997). Evaluation of the quality of rivers in Luxembourg as a habitat for otters. Trav. Scientif. Nat museum. Hist. nat. Luxembourg [National Museum of Natural History Luxembourg], 26, pp. 125. (unable to interpret first part of publication name)
Ottino, P. and P. Giller. (2004). Distribution, density, diet and habitat use of the otter in relation to land use in the Araglin Valley, Southern Ireland. Biology and Environment: Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy. Vol. 104B(1): 1-17.
Ottino, P., C. Prigioni, and A. Vigna Taglianti. (1995). Habitat suitability for the otter (Lutra lutra) of some rivers of Abruzzo region (Central Italy). Hystrix, 7(1-2): 265-268.
Overal, B. (1989). Otters in the Upper Sure. Bull. Soc. Nat., Luxemb [Bulletin de la Société des Naturalistes, Luxembourgeois], 89: 7-19.
Overal, B. (1995). Presence de la loutre dans la Haute-Sure [Presence of otter in Haute-Sure] Naturalistes Belges [Belgian Naturalists], 76: 315-322.
Ozkazanc, N.K., E. Ozay, H.B. Ozel. et al. (2019).The habitat, ecological life conditions, and usage characteristics of the otter (Lutra lutra L. 1758) in the Balikdami Wildlife Development Area. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 191: 645-654.
Ozoliņš J., A. Ornicāns, A. Stepanova, M. Lūkins, K. Dukule- Jakušenoka, J.Šuba, D. Pilāte, and G. Bagrade (2018). Action Plan for Eurasian otter Lutra lutra Conservation. LSFRI Silava [Latvian State Forest Research Insitute], Salaspils:1-55.
Ozoliņš, J. (2001). Problems with acceptance of otter conservation in Latvia. European Nature, No. 6: p.29.
Ozoliņš, J. (2007). Otters in Latvia: A review of studies. Proceedings of the European Otter Conference "Return of the Otter in Europe-Where and How?" 3 pp.
Ozoliņš, J. and M. Rantinš. (1988). Udru-Lutra lutra L. sastopamiba apsekotajas Latvijas upes. Retie augi un dzivnieki, Riga: LatZTIZPI: 60–67. [Occurrence of Otter-Lutra lutra L. in the surveyed Latvian rivers. Rare plants and animals], Riga: LatZTIZPI: 60-67. (unable to confirm acronym definition)
Ozoliņš, J. and M. Rantinš. (1992a). The distribution and habitat conditions of the otter (Lutra lutra) in Latvia. In: Proceedings of the First Baltic Theriological Conference. Tartu: Tartu Ülikool [University of Tartu],Taru, Estonia. pp.186-196.
Ozoliņš, J. and M. Rantinš. (1995.) The data on otter Lutra lutra population provided by beaver trapping in Latvia. Ekologija, 2 (Vilnius): 64-69.
Ozoliņš, J. and T. Sjoasen. (1994). An approach to comparison of European otter habitat in areas with different status of populations. Conseil de l’Europe, Rencontres environnement [Council of Europe, Environment Meetings], 24:165-168.
Ozoliņš, J., A. Kranz, and A. Toman. (1998). Three men in a boat (to say nothing of the otter in Latvia!). IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, 15(2): 91-94. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume15/Ozolins_et_al_1998.html
Ozoliņš, J., and M. Rantinš. (1992b). Einige Voraussetzungen zur heutigen Bestandsentwicklung und zur Verbreitung des Fischotters Lutra lutra (L.) in Lettland. [Some prerequisites for today’s population development and the distribution of the otter Lutra lutra (L.) in Latvia]. In: Semiaquatische Säugetiere (eds. Schröpfer R., Stubbe M., Heidecke D.) Wiss. Beitr.[Semi-aquatic Mammals (R. Schropfer, M. Stubbe M., and D. Heidecke. (eds.) Wiss. Contrib.]. University of Halle, Halle (Saale), Germany. pp. 365-384.
Ozoliņš, J., and M. Rantinš. (1994). Otter survival in relation to beaver trapping in Latvia. Environmental Encounters, 17: 121-122.
Ozoliņš, J.and M. Rantinš. (1987). Udra Lutra lutra L. pašreizejais statuss Latvija un darbibas pedu uzskaite Gauja. Retie augi un dzivnieki [Occurrence of Otter, Lutra lutra L. in the surveyed Latvian rivers. pp. 60-67. In: Rare Plants and Animals], Riga: LatZTIZPI: 60–67. (unable to confirm acronym definition)
Top
Padalino, I., G. Di Guardo, A. Carbone, P. Troiano, A. Parisi, D. Galante, M. A. Cafiero, M. Caruso, L. Palazzo, L. Guarino, L. De Riso, C. Centelleghe, S. Mazzariol, and A. Petrella. (2019). Dolphin Morbillivirus in Eurasian Otters, Italy. Emerging Infectious Diseases, 25(2): 372-374.
Pagacz, S. and J. Witczuk. (2010). Intensive exploitation of amphibians by Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra) in the Wolosaty stream, southeastern Poland. Anneles Zoologi Fennici [Finish Zoological and Botanical Publishing Board], 47(6): 403-410.
Pál, G. (2005). Summary report on the results of the population survey of the otter (Lutra Lutra) carried out in Hungary, between March 2004 and June 2005. 16 pp. (unable to confirm publisher information)
Palei, H.S. (2013). Assessing the status of otters in Odisha, eastern India. Asian Otter Conservation Workshop. 25th- 30th November 2013, Begaldura, India.
Pandit, C. (2012). Conservation and distribution status of otter in Buffer Zone Area of Koshi Tappu Wildlife Reserve, Nepal. In: H.B. Katuwal and S. Koirala (eds). Proceedings of Third Seminar on Small Mammals Issues. Small Mammals Conservation and Research Foundation, New Baneshwor, Kathmandu, Nepal, 55 pp.
Parde, J.M., J. Desjouis, P. and S. Mahé Hurstel. (2005). Otter Study in the watershed "upstream Garonne" in 2002 and early 2003. Acts Coll. "1st Naturalists Meetings Midi Pyrénées", Cahors, Nov. 2003: pp. 157-160.
Park, C-S and G-J. Cho. (2017). Individual identification of Eurasian otters (Lutra lutra) in South Korea (Sincheon River, Daegu) by microsatellite markers. Journal of Veterinary Medical Sciences, 79(6): 1064-1067.
Park, H., T. Han, D. Kim, M. Min, S. Han, K. Kim, and H. Lee. (2011). Individual identification and sex determination of Eurasian otters (Luta lutra) in Daegu City based on genetic analysis of otter spraints. Genes and Genomics, 33(6): 653-665.
Park, H.C., N. Kurihara, K.S. Kim, M-S. Min, S. Han, H. Lee, and J. Kimura. (2019). What is the taxonomic status of East Asian otter species based on molecular evidence?: Focus on the position of the Japanese otter holotype specimen from museum. Animal Cells and Systems, 23(3): 228-234.
Park, N.Y., M.C. Lee, N.V. Kurkure, and H.S Cho. (2007). Canine Adenovirus Type 1 infection of a Eurasian river otter (Lutra lutra). Veterinary Pathology, 44: 536-539.
Parry, G. S. (2008). Diet of the Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra) within the Pembrokeshire Marine SAC region. Conservation Ecology Research Team: Institute of Environmental Sustainability, Swansea University. Wales, United Kingdom. (unable to confirm acronym definition)
Parry, G. S., N. Yonow, and D. Forman. (2015). Predation of newts (Salamandridae, Pleurodelinae) by Eurasian otters Lutra lutra (Linnaeus). The Herpetological Bulletin, 132, 2015: 9-1.
Parry, G.S., N. Yonow, and D. Forman. (2010). Predation of newts (Salamandridae, Pleurodelinae) by Eurasian otters Lutra lutra (Linnaeus). Herpetological Bulletin, 132: 9-14.
Parry, G.S., O. Bodger, and R.A. McDonald, and D.W. Forman. (2013). A systematic re-sampling approach to assess the probability of detecting otters Lutra lutra using spraint surveys on small lowland rivers. Ecological Informatics, 14: 64-70.
Paul, J.P. (2001). Description and mapping of potential habitat for otters in the Doubs valley. GNFC/Dole Environment. 40p. (unable to confirm acronym definition and publisher)
Paunovic, M. and Milenkovic, M. (1996). The current status and distribution of the otter Lutra lutra (L.,1758) in Serbia and Montenegro. IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, 13(2): 58-70. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume13/Paunovic_Milenkovic_1996.html
Pavanello, M, L. Lapini, A. Kranz, and F. Iordan. (2015). Rediscovering the Eurasian Otter (Lutra Lutra L.) in Friuli Venezia Giulia and Notes on its Possible Expansion in Northern Italy. IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, 32(1): 12-20. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume32/Pavanello_et_al_2015.html
Pearce, F. (1995). Otter to make a comeback in ambitious species revival. New Scientist, 148: 6.
Pedrosa, T. (2012).Patterns of otter (Lutra lutra) distribution and man-otter conflicts in River Sado Basin: Conservation implications. Tese de doutoramento, [Doctoral Thesis] Biologia (Ecologia), Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Ciencias.
Pedroso, N.M. and M. Santos-Reis. (2006). Summer diet of Eurasian otters in large dams of south Portugal. Hystrix, 17(2): 117-128.
Pedroso, N.M. and Santos-Reis, M. (2009). Assessing Otter Presence in Dams: A Methodological Proposal . IUCN Otter Spec. Group Bull. 26 (2): 97 - 109 https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume26/Pedroso_Santos-Reis_2009.html
Penezic, A., R. Moriano, M. Spasic. et al. (2018). First report of a naturally patent infection with Dirofilaria immitis in an otter (Lutra lutra). Parasitology Research, 117: 929-931.
Penicaud, P. (1986). La Loutre [The Otter]. Les cahiers du naturaliste Breton [The Notebooks of the Breton Naturalist], 1. 18 pp.
Penigaud, G. (1993). Otter. General Council of Deux-Sèvres. 59 pp. (unable to confirm publisher)
Pénisson, J.P. (1996). The stone at the otter Naux: Presence and disappearance of the otter in the Ardennes. Lands Ardennes, 55: 16-22.
Pereira, E. and M. Salotti. (2000). Cyrnolutra castiglioni, a new form of otter in the Middle Pleistocene deposits “Castiglione 3 CG (Oletta, Haute-Corse)”. Comptes Rendus des l’Academie of Sciences, Paris, 331: 45-52.
Pérez-Haro M., J.Vinas, F. Manas, A. Batet, J. Ruiz-Olmo, and C. Pla. (2005). Genetic variability in the complete mitochondrial control region of the Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra) in the Iberian Peninsula. Biological Journal of The Linnean Society, 86: 397-403.
Pertoldi C., V. Loeschke, A. Braun, A.B. Madsen, and E. Randi. (2000). Craniometrical variability and developmental stability: Two useful tools for assessing the population viability of Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra) populations in Europe. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 70: 309-323.
Pertoldi, C., A.B Madsen, E. Randi, A. Braun, and V. Loeschcke. (1998). Variation of skull morphometry of Eurasian otters (Lutra lutra) in Denmark and Germany. Annales Zoologici Fennici, 35(2): 87-94.
Pertoldi, C., M.M. Hansen, V. Loeschcke, A. Bo Madsen, L. Jacobsen, and H. Baagoe. (2001). Genetic consequences of population decline in the European otter (Lutra lutra ): An assessment of microsatellite DNA variation in Danish otters from 1883 to 1993. Proceedings of The Royal Society of London. pp. 1775-1781.
Pertoldi, C., V. Loeschke, A.B. Madsen, and E. Randi. (1997). Developmental stability in the Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra) in Denmark. Annales Zoologici Fennici, 34: 187-196.
Pertoldi, C.,J.B. Schmidt,P.M. Thomsen,L B. Nielsen,L. Iacolina,F. Muro,K.T. Nielsen,S. Pagh,L.H. Andersen, andD. Bruhn. (2021). Comparing DNA metabarcoding with faecal analysis for diet determination of the Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra) in Vejlerne, Denmark.Mammal Research [formerly Acta Zoologica], 66:115–122.
Pfeiffer, P. and B.M. Culik. (1998). Energy metabolism of underwater swimming in river-otters (Lutra lutra L.). Journal of Comparative Physiology B, 168: 143-148.
Philcox, C.K., A.L. Grogan, and D.W. Macdonald. (2001). Patterns of otter Lutra lutra road mortality in Britain. Journal of Applied Ecology, 36(5): 748-762.
Pichon, J.C. (1951). Roman Otters. Ed Correa, 288 pp.
Pigache, S. (1995). Faced with the disappearance of the otter: How to restore and maintain a population with specific amenities viability of the species? Rapp.Terminal STAE, 19 pp. (unable to confirm acronym definition)
Pigneur L-M., G. Caublot, C. Fournier-Chambrillon, P. Fournier, and J.R. Michaux. (2014). Sur les traces de la Loutre dans le Limousin. L’écho du PNA-Bulletin de liaison du Plan National d‘Actions en faveur de la Loutre d’Europe. [In the footsteps of the Otter in Limousin. The echo of the PNA [Plan National d‘Actions] -Newsletter of the National Action Plan in favor of the European Otter]. 7: 5-7.
Pigneur, L-M., J. Michaux, and J. Gwenael. (2018). Apport de la genetique pour l’etude de la dynamique des populations de Loutre d’Europe Lutra lutra (Linnaeus, 1758) en France [Contribution of genetics to the study of the population dynamics of European Otter Lutra lutra (Linnaeus, 1758) in France.]. Naturae, 6: 63-71.
Piguet, P. (1960). Rather unusual capture of an otter on the shore of Algiers. Bulletin de la Societe d’Historie Naturelle de I’Afrique du Nord, 51: 137-138.
Piran, C.L. C.J. White, C.J. McCleana, and G.L. Woodroffe. (2003). Factors affecting the success of an otter (Lutra lutra) reinforcement programme as identified by post-translocation monitoring. Biological Conservation, 112(2003): 363-371.
Plattes, S. (2010). Establishment of a network of observers to monitor signs of mammals. Parc Naturel Hautes Venn-Eifel (B). Slide communication at the Symposium project completion, 24 and 25 September 2010, Wiltz (Grand-Duchy of Luxembourg)-LIFE-Nature European Programme. (unable to confirm acronym definition)
Poledník, L. K. Poledníková, V. Beran, J. Thelenová, M. Valášek, V. Prášek, V. Škorpíková, and M. Dostál. (2008). Distribution of the Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra) in the Republic of Macedonia in 2007. IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, 25(2): 77-83 https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume25/Polednik_et_al_2008.html
Polednik, L., A. Krantz, K. Polednikova, A. Toman, and B. Lojkasek. (2007). The impact of otters (Lutra lutra) on fish in streams within a fishpond area: Prédation pisciculture République Tchèquex [Predation on fish farming, Czech Republic] Proceedings of the European Otter Conference “Return of the Otter in Europe-Where and How?” 3 pp.
Poledník, L., J. Rehulka, A. Kranz, K. Poledníková, V. Hlavác, and H. Kazihnitková H. (2008). Physiological responses of over-wintering common carp (Cyprinus carpio) to disturbance by Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra). Fish Physiology and Biochemistry, 34: 223-234.
Poledník, L., K. Poledníková , M. Roche, P. Hájková, A. Toman, M. Václavíková, V. Hlavác, V. Beran, P. Nová, P. Marhoul, M. Pacovská, O. Ru?icková, T. Mináriková, and J. Vetrovcová.(2019). Program péce pro vydru rícní (Lutra lutra) v Ceské republice v letech 2009-2018 [Care program for river otters (Lutra lutra) in the Czech Republic in the years 2009 -2018]. (unable to confirm additional publication information)
Poledník, L., K. Poledníková , V. Beran, G. Camlík, L. Praus , and F. Mateos-Gonzalez. (2018). Distribution of the Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra L.) population in the Czech Republic in 2016. ALK Wildlife(Wildlife Research and Conservation). Bulletin Vydra, 17. (unable to confirm acronym definition or page numbers)
Poledni?k, L., K. Poledni?kova?, J. Ve?trovcova?, V. Beran, and V. Pavel. (2017). Zimni? sc?i?ta?ni? vydry r?i?c?ni? ve vybrany?ch oblastech C?eske? republiky v letech 2013-2017.(2017). [Winter census of Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra L.) in selected areas of the Czech Republic in the years 2013-2017]. Bulletin VYDRA, 17: 14-25. (unable to confirm acronym definition)
Polednik, L., R. Mitrenga, K. Polednikova, and B. Lojkasek. (2004). The impact of methods of fishery management on the diet of otters (Lutra lutra). Folia Zoologica, 53(1): 27-36.
Polednikova, K., A. Krantz, K. Polednik, and J. Mysiak. (2006). Otters causing conflicts: The fish farming case of the Czech Republic. FRAP. 22 pp. (unable to confirm acronym definition)
Poledníková, K., J. Vetrovcová, L. Poledník, and V. Hlavác. (2010).Carbofuran: A new and effective method of illegal killing of otters (Lutra lutra) in the Czech Republic. IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, 27(3): 137-146. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume27/Polednikova_et_al_2010.html
Polednikova, K., L. Polednik, R. Mitrenga, and B. Lojkasek. (2007). The impact of fish and stream management procedures on the diet of otters (Lutra lutra ). Proceedings of the European Otter Conference "Return of the Otter in Europe-Where and How?" 4 pp.
Polenikova, K., A. Kranz, L. Polednik, and J. Mysiak. (2004). Otters causing conflict. Part I: Lessons learned from the analysis of model conflicts. pp. 81-106. In: Klenke, R., A.K. Henle, I. Ring, A. Kranz, N. Jepson, and F. Rauschmayer. (eds.). Human-Wildfife Conflict in Europe: Fisheries and Fish-eating Vertebrates. Springer: Environmental Sciences.
Polotti, P. (1995). Etologia della Lontra (Lutra lutra L.) in cattività con particolare riferimento all’ontogenesi comportamentale dei cuccioli [Ethology of the Otter (Lutra lutra L.) in captivity with particular reference to the behavioral ontogenesis of puppies]. Graduation thesis, Pavia University
Polotti, P., C. Prigioni, and R. Fumagalli. (1995). Preliminary data on the ontogeny of some behavioural activities of captive otter cubs. Hystrix, 7(1-2): 279-284.
Pomel, A. (1843). Note on a fossil species of the genus Otter (Lutra bravardi), whose bones were collected from volcanic alluvium Auvergne. Bulletin. of the Geological Society of France, Paris, Volume XIV, meeting of January 9, 1843. pp.168-171.
Pont, B. (1981). Otter. Former and current situation in the middle valley of the Rhone. Jurnal Bihoreau, 9: 11-14.
Porcier, S. and A. Renaud. (2009). An otter discovered during the excavation campaign Lattes Saint-Sauveur July 2006. In: T. Janin (ed.). Lattara Lattes (Hérault), Triennial Report 2007 2009, Lattes, 2009, p. 401.
Poultney, S.J. (2019). Using European otter (Lutra lutra) spraints as an indicator of vendace (Coregonus albula) spawning activity in Derwentwater, English Lake District. Dissertation. University of Cumbria, 80 pp.
Pountney, A., A. L. Filby, G.O. Thomas, V.R. Simpson, E.A. Chadwick, J.R. Stevens, and C.R. Tyler. (2014). High liver content of polybrominated diphenyl ether (PBDE) in otters (Lutra lutra) from England and Wales. Chemosphere, 118C, 81-86.
Prauser, N. (1985). Fischotter (Lutra lutra L. 1758) und Fluss-Landschaftsstruktur im Gebiet der Wumme/Niedersachsen -Stand 1984. [Otters and river habitat structures on the River Wumme]. Beiheft zur Schriftenreihe Naturschutz und Landschaftspflege in Niedersachsen [Supplement to the series of publications Nature Conservation and Landscape Management in Lower Saxony] No. 12, 60 pp.
Prenda, J. and C. Granado-Lorencio. (1996).The relative influence of riparian habitat structure and fish availability on otter Lutra lutra L. sprainting activity in a small Mediterranean catchment habitat. Biological Conservation, 76(1): 9-15.
Prenda, J., P. Lopez-Nieves, and R. Bravo. (2001). Conservation of otter (Lutra lutra) in a Mediterranean area: The importance of habitat quality and temporal variation in water availability. Aquatic Conservation, 11(5): 343-355.
Preston, J., A. Portig, I. Montgomery, R.A. Macdonald. and J.S. Fairley. (2006). Status and diet of the otter Lutra lutra in Northern Ireland. Biology and Environment, Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy, 106B(1): 1-7.
Preston, J., P. Prodohl, A. Portig, and I. Montgomery. (2006). Reassessing otter Lutra lutra distribution in Northern Ireland Environment and Heritage Service. Research and Development Series, n°06/24 [#06/24]. 69 pp.
Preston, S.J. and N. Reid. (2011). Northern Ireland Otter Survey 2010. Report prepared by the Natural Heritage Research Partnership, Quercus, Queen’s University Belfast for the Northern Ireland Environment Agency. Northern Ireland Environment Agency Research and Development, Series. No. 11/06.
Preston, S.J., A.A. Portig, W.I. Montgomery, R.A. McDonald, J.T.A. Dick, and J.S. Fairley. (2007). Temporal and spatial variation in otter Lutra lutra diet in Northern Ireland. Biology and Environment, Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy, 107B: 61-66.
Prévost, O. and M. Gailledrat. (2001). Otters in Vienna. Past and present status, future of the species. Vienna Nature, p. 67.
Prigioni C., L. Remonti, and A. Balestrieri. (2006). Otter Lutra lutra movements assessed by genotyped spraints in southern Italy. Hystrix, 17(1): 91-96.
Prigioni, C. (1994). Advance research on the otter in Italy. Conseil de l'Europe, Rencontres environnement [Counsel of Europe Environment, Environment Meetings] 24: 128-131.
Prigioni, C., A. Balestrieri, and L. Remonti. (2007). Decline and recovery in otter Lutra lutra populations in Italy. Mammal Review, 37(1): 71-79.
Prigioni, C., A. Balestrieri, L. Remonti, A. Gargaro, and G. Priore. (2005). Diet of the Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra) in relation to freshwater habitats and alien fish species in southern Italy. Ethology, Ecology & Evolution, 18: 307-320.
Prigioni, C., A. Balestrieri, L. Remonti, S. Sgrosso, and G. Priore. (2006). How many otters are there in Italy? Hystrix, 17(1): 29-36
Prigioni, C., G. Bogllani, and F. Barbieri. (1986). The otter Lutra lutra in Albania. Biological Conservation, 36, 375-383.
Prigioni, C., G. Smiroldo, L. Remonti, and A. Balestrieri. (2009). Distribution and diet of reintroduced otters (Lutra lutra) on the river Ticino (northern Italy). Hystrix, 20:45–53.
Prigioni, C., L. Remonti, A. Balestrieri, S. Sgrosso, G. Priore, N. Mucci, N. and E. Randi. (2006). Estimation of European otter (Lutra lutra) population size by fecal DNA typing in southern Italy. Journal of Mammalogy, 87(5): 855-858
Prigioni, C., L. Remonti, A. Balestrieri, S. Sgrosso, G. Priore, C. Misin, M. Viapana, S. Spada, and R. Anania. (2005). Distribution and sprainting activity of the otter (Lutra lutra) in the Pollino National Park (southern Italy). Ethology, Ecology & Evolution, 17: 171-180.
Prigioni, C., R. Fumagalli, and F. Rocca. (1991). Captive Otter project in the Ticino Valley (Northern Italy). Habitat, 6: 147-150.
Prigioni, C., R. Fumagalli, L. Schirru, and C. Carugati. (1995). Sprainting activity of captive otters: Its relationship with breeding cycle and number of animals. Hystrix, 7(1-2): 297-301.
Prigneur, L-M., J. Michaux, and J. Gwenael. (2018). Apport de la genetique pour l’etude de la dynamique des populations de Loutre d’Europe Lutra lutra (Linnaeus, 1758) en France [Contribution of genetics to the study of the population dynamics of European Otter Lutra lutra (Linnaeus,1758) in France]. Naturae, 6: 63-71.
Top
Quaglietta, L. (2020). Otter diet and prey selection in a recently recolonized area assessed using microscope analysis and DNA barcoding. Hystrix, 31(1): 64-72
Quaglietta L, Martins BH, de Jongh A, Mira A, Boitani L (2012). A Low-Cost GPS GSM/GPRS Telemetry System: Performance in Stationary Field Tests and Preliminary Data on Wild Otters (Lutra lutra). PLoS ONE 7(1): e29235. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0029235
Quaglietta, L., P. Hájková, A. Mira,et al. (2015). Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra) density estimate based on radio tracking and other data sources. Mammal Research, 60: 127-137.
Quaglietta, L., R. Fusillo, M. Marcelli, A. Loy, and L. Boitani. (2019). First telemetry data on wild individuals from the threatened, isolated Italian otter (Lutra lutra) population. Mammalia, 83(5): 447-452.
Quaglietta, L., V.C. Fonseca, A. Mira, and L. Boitani. (2014). Sociospatial organization of a solitary carnivore, the Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra). Journal of Mammalogy, 95(1): 140-150.
Quaglietta, L., V.C. Fonseca, P. Hájková, A. Mira, and L. Boitani. (2013). Fine-scale population genetic structure and short-range sex-biased dispersal in a solitary carnivore Lutra lutra. Journal of Mammalogy, 94: 561-571.
Quiñónez, A,L, T.K. Fuller, and T.O. Randhir. (2018). A review of otter distribution modeling: Approach, scale, and metrics. IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, 35(2): 97-127 https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume35/Quinonez_et_al_2018.html
Top
Rahn, P. (1980). Zum Vorkommen des Fischotters (Lutra lutra) in West-Berlin. (Distribution of otters in West Berlin). Bongo-Zoo Report, Berlin 136(4): 77-78.
Raimond, S. (2009). A watch for otters. (unable to confirm publisher information)
Raj, V. M. (2013). Protected areas for otters. Asian Otter Conservation Workshop. 25th- 30th November 2013, Bengaldura, India.
Rakhilin, V.K. (1967). Ecology of the otter (Lutra lutra L.) on sea and sea shores. Bull. Moscow Soc. Naturalists, Biol. Ser.[Bulletin of Moscow Society of Naturalists, Biological Series], 72: 122-123.
Ramakrishnan, U. (2013). Using molecular tools for otter identification. Asian Otter Conservation Workshop. 25th- 30th November 2013, Bengaldura, India.
Randi, E., F. Davoli, M. Pierpaoli, C. Pertoldi, A.B Madsen and V. Loeschcke. (2003). Genetic structure in otter (Lutra lutra) populations in Europe: Implications for conservation. Animal Conservation, 6(20): 93-100.
Ransford, S. (2002). Otters. Collection Life of Animals. Ed Kingfisher, France.
Ranyuk, M., H. Ansorge, and H. Low. (2015). Low epigenetic variability of the Eurasian otter Lutra lutra (L.) from Europe to Kamchatka. Russian Journal of Ecology, 46, 195-201.
Recouvreux, F. (1985). Reintroduction opportunity of otters in the upper basin of the Ain (Jura). Memory endline Engineering IZARA, Lyon. 79 pp. (unable to confirm acronym definition)
Reid, N., B. Hayden, S. Pietravalle, R.A. McDonald, and W.I. Montgomery. (2013). National Otter Survey of Ireland 2010/12. No. 76. National Parks and Wildlife Services, Department of Arts, Heritage and Gaeltacht. Dublin, Ireland.
Reid, N., D. Thompson, B. Hayden, F. Marnell, and W.I. Montgomery. (2013). Review and meta-analysis suggest diet of the Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra) is likely to be a poor bioindicator. Ecological Indicators, 26: 5-13.
Reid, N., M.G. Lundy, T. Waterman, D. Looney, D. Lynn, F. Marnell, R.A. McDonald, and W.I. Montgomery. (2014). Covering over the cracks in conservation assessments at EU interfaces: A cross-jurisdictional ecoregion scale approach using the Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra). Ecological Indicators, 45: 93-102.
Remonti, L. and C. Prigioni (2009). Distribution and diet of reintroduced otters (Lutra lutra) on the river Ticino (northern Italy). Hystrix, 20(1): 45-53.
Remonti, L., A. Balestrieri, and C. Prigioni. (2009). Altitudinal gradient of Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra) food niche in Mediterranean habitats. Canadian Journal of Zoology, 87(4): 285-291.
Remonti, L., A. Balestrieri, and C. Prigioni. (2011). Scent marking of key food sources in the Eurasian otter. Annales Zoologici Fennici,
Remonti, L., C. Prigioni, A. Balestrieri, S. Sgrosso, and G. Priore. (2008). Distribution of a recolonising species may not reflect habitat suitability alone: The case of the Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra) in southern Italy. Wildlife Research, 35, 798-805.
Remonti, L., C. Prigioni, and A. Balestrieri. (2011). Detectability of the Eurasian otter by standard surveys: An approach using marking intensity to estimate false negative rates. Naturwissenschaften [Natural Sciences]. (unable to confirm additional publication information)
Remonti, L., C.Prigioni, A. Balestrieri, S. Sgrosso, and G.Priore. (2008). Trophic flexibility of the otter (Lutra lutra) in southern Italy. Mammalian Biology, 73: 293-302.
Remonti, L., S. Sgrosso, G. Priore, C. Prigioni, and A. Balestrieri. (2010). Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra) prey selection in response to a variation of fish abundance. Hystrix, 77(3): 331-338.
Remy E. and P. Pellegrini. (2005). Combining human and animal activities in the same territory: The case of the otter. Contributions towards new alliances, Exhibition Beasts and men, ss. Dir V. Despret, Grande Halle de La Villette. pp.141-151.
Rémy, E. (2005). How to make the invisible visible: Two ways to trace the presence of the otter. Symposium: Citizen Science Collective Vigilance and Relationships Between Laymen and Scientists in Natural History, Saint-Etienne, ss dir. F. Charvolin, 14-15 January 2005.
Remy, E. (2005). Sur les traces de la Loutre d'Europe [In the footsteps of the European Otter]. Actes du 27è colloque francophone de mammalogie de la SFEPM [Société Française pour l’Etude et la Protection des Mammifères] Proceedings of the 27th Francophone mammalogy conference of the SFEPM]. pp. 193-198.
Rémy, E. (2005a). In the footsteps of the European Otter. In: "Conservation of the Otter". Proceedings of the XXVII Conference of Francophone Mammalogy, 9 &10 October 2004, Limoges (87). Ed SFEPM/GMHL [Société Française pour l’Etude et la Protection des Mammifères/Groupe Mammalogique et Herpétologique du Limousin]. pp.191-198.
Rémy, E. (2005b). On the trail of the otter. Epops. (unable to confirm publisher information)
Rémy, E. (2005c). The otter. ex situ. Spaces and Societies, 123(4): 151-166.
Remy, E. (2006). Méthode indiciaire et prise photographique. Le cas du suivi de la loutre [Index method and photographic taking: The case of otter monitoring]. Natures Sciences Sociétés [Natures Sciences Societies], 14: 144-153.
Rémy, E. (2007). Familiarity and detachment from the animal. Unexpected adjustments. The case of the otter in the wild and in zoos. in: The Citizen Science? The Issue of Amateur Naturalists in Science. Ed Aube, La Tour d'Aigues. pp. 40-55.
Rémy, E. and P. and F. Pellegrini Charvollin. (2005). Networks and otters. Seminar French Institute of Biodiversity. Fréjus, France. 7-9 September 2005. pp. 63-67.
Remy, E. and P. Pellegrini. (2005). Changer nos habitudes de prédation: l'exemple de la Loutre et du Education relative à l'environnement [Changing our predation habits: the example of the Otter and Environmental Education]. 5: 51-64. (unable to confirm publisher)
Renato, F., C. Prignioni, and, C. Carugati. (1995). Behavioral ecology of captive otters (lutra lutra) in the Breeding Center of the Natural Park of Ticino Valley. Piemonte Region, Northern Italy. Hystrix, 7(1-2): 269-278.
Renaud, A. and S. Porcier. (2011). An otter in the protohistoric city Lattara: Predator, game or freeloader? (III-II century B.C., Lattes/Saint-Sauveur, Hérault, France.). Acts XXXI International Meeting of Archaeology and History of Antibes: "Predators in all States: Evolution, biodiversity, interactions, myths, symbols." 21-22-23 October, 2010. Ed. APDCA, under the direction of Jean-Philip Brugal, Armelle Gardeisen Arnaud Zucker, Antibes, 566 pp. November 2011. (unable to confirm acronym definition)
Renaud, J.C (1994). Otter Lutra lutra. Ed Reproduction Centre of the European Otter, Hunawihr. 64 pp.
Renaud, J.C. (2002). Experiment reintroduction of otters in Alsace. Follow-up report for the period 12/29/98 to 30/09/01. Rapp. Otter Centre Hunawihr, 28 pp.
Renaud, R. (1991). A data otter Orne. Petit Dormouse, 34: 15.
Requested, V. (2003). European otter again present on the watershed of the Hérault (30 and 34). THRUSH, connecting sheet, 65: 26-27. (unable to confirm acronym definition)
Requested, V., J. de Kermabon, J. Seon, B. Ricau, S. Marquis and A. Rondeau. (2005). Otter on the watershed of the Hérault, the recolonization of the southern slope of Aigoual: Meridionalis, review of naturalistic associations Languedoc Roussillon. 6: 53-58. (unable to confirm publication information)
Reuther, C. (1981). Proceedings of the tour MM. Erlinge and Reuther (March-April 1981) in France. Bulletin Otter Group SFEPM [Société Française pour l’Etude et la Protection des Mammifères], 2pp. (unable to confirm first acronym definition
Reuther, C. (1984). Otters in captivity: First results of an enquiry. Otter (Journal of the Otter Trust)
Reuther, C. (1991). Otters in captivity: A review with special reference to Lutra lutra. In: Reuther, C. and and P. Reuther (eds.). Proceedings V. International Otter Colloquium, Hankensbuttel, 1989. Habitat, 6: 269-308.
Reuther, C. (1992). Aktion Fischotterschutz e.v. [German Campaign for Otter Protection]: Activities for 1991-92. IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, 7: 16-19. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume7/Reuther_1992.html
Reuther, C. (1993). Aktion Fischotterschutz e. V. [German Campaign for Otter Protection]: Activities 1992). IUCN Otter Specialis. Group Bulletin, 8: 21-22. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume8/Reuther_1993.html
Reuther, C. (1994a). European otter habitat network: Discussion paper. Conseil de l'Europe, Rencontres environnement [Council of Europe, Environment Meetings], 24: 188-193.
Reuther, C. (1994b). "Otter 2000": An otter habitat network program for Germany. Conseil de l'Europe, Rencontres environnement [Council of Europe, Environment Meetings], 24: 194-199.Habitat, 15, 308 pp.
Reuther, C. (1995). Habitat networking: A new chance for the otter in Europe? Hystrix, 7(1-2) 229-238.
Reuther, C. (1998a). Re-introduction of otters: Support or risk for otter conservation. IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, 15(2): 71-79. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume15/Reuther_1998a.html
Reuther, C. (1998b). The Otter Habitat Network Europe(OHNE): Project has started. IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, 15(2): 118-121. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume15/Reuther_1998b.html
Reuther, C. (1998c). The otter in Europe: Recent developments and future needs. Proceedings VII International Otter Colloquium. March 14-19, 1998, Trebon, Czech Republic. pp. 282-292. IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin 19A https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume19A/Trebon-III.pdf
Reuther, C. (1999). Development of weight and length of Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra) cubs. IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, 16(1): 11-26. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume16/Reuther_1999.html
Reuther, C. (2001). Reusenfischerei und Otterschutz [Trap fishing and otter protection]. Naturschutz praktisch [Practical Conservation] 1. (in German).
Reuther, C. (2002). Otters and fyke nets: Some aspects which need further attention. IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, 19(1): 7-20. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume19/Reuther_2002.html
Reuther, C. (2004). On the way towards an Otter Habitat Network Europe (OHNE). Methods and results of an area assessment on the European and the German level.
Reuther, C. and A. Dolev. (2000). New findings of otters (Lutra lutra) in Israel. IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, 17(2): 80-82. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume17/Reuther_Dolev_2000.html
Reuther, C. and A. Roy. (2001). Some results of the 1991 and 1999 otter surveys in the River Ise Catchment, lower Saxony, Germany. IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, 18(1): 28-40. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume18/Reuther_Roy_2001.html
Reuther, C., A. Krekemeyer, and C.J. Vowinkel. (2001). The project 'Otter Habitat Network Europe' (OHNE): Method and progress of an attempt to prepare a spacious standard of assessment for potential otter habitats. Wiss. Mitt. Niederösterr. Landesmuseum [Wiss. Mitt. Niederösterr. State Museum], 14: 67-83.
Reuther, C., A. Krekemeyer, and M. Ehler. (2005). Préparation d'une carte européenne de distribution de la Loutre d'Europe: état d'avancement [Preparation of a European otter distribution map: Progress report]. Actes du 27è colloque francophone de mammalogie de la SFEPM [Proceedings of the 27th Francophone mammalogy conference of the SFEPM (Société Française pour l’Etude et la Protection des Mammifères)]. pp.81-83.
Reuther, C., and S.A. Hussain. (2000). Aims and objectives of the IUCN/SSC Otter Action Plan 2000 and progress achieved in compilation with special reference to the Asian region: A report. In: C. Santiapillai and H. Sasaki (eds.). Proceedings of the Workshop on Conservation and Public Awareness of Otters. Taiwan. pp. 139-143.
Reuther, C., and S.A. Hussain. (2000). Aims and objectives of the IUCN/SSC Otter Action Plan 2000 and progress achieved in compilation with special reference to the Asian region: A report. In: C. Santiapillai and H. Sasaki (eds.). Proceedings of the Workshop on Conservation and Public Awareness of Otters. Taiwan. pp. 139-143.
Reuther, C., Ed. (1992) Otterschutz In Deutschland [Otter protection in Germany]. Conference proceedings with 29 papers. Habitat, 7pp.
Reuther, C., L. Bach, Behl, H. Ebersbach, S. Hauer, A. Krekemeyer, H. Küger, Roy, A. and T. Schikore. (2002). Die Fischotter-Verbreitungserhebung in Nord-Niedersachsen 1999-2001 [The otter distribution survey in North Lower Saxony 1999-2001]. Informationsdienst Naturschutz Niedersachsen [Information Service for Nature Conservation in Lower Saxony],1/2002.3-28.
Reuther, C., L. Rifai, M. Qarcas, M. Abu Bake, and Z.S. Amr. (2001). Results of an initial field survey for otters (Lutra lutra) in Jordan. IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, 17(2): 75-79. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume17/Reuther_et_al_2000b.html
Rey, E. (compiled by). (2016). Best practice guideline for European otter (Lutra lutra). 5th Edition.
Richard, L.C. (2003). Study of the diet of a population of otters reintroduced in Alsace. Mastery BPE. (unable to confirm pubisher information and acronym definition)
Richier, S. (2005) Establishment of a monitoring network of freshwater mammals of the Loire basin. pp. 71-76. In: "Conservation of the Otter", Proceedings of the XXVII Conference of Francophone Mammalogy, 9 & 10 October 2004, Limoges (87). Ed SFEPM/GMHL [Société Française pour l’Etude et la Protection des Mammifères/ Groupe Mammalogique et Herpétologique du Limousin].
Richier, S. et al. (2008). Distribution of the European Otter: Synthesis protocol data. Plan Loire Grandeur Nature, Network mammals of the Loire basin, ONCFS [Office National de la Chasse et de la Faune Sauvage]. 12 pp.
Richier, S. et al. (2008). Distribution of the European Otter: Synthesis protocol data. Plan Loire Grandeur Nature, Network mammals of the Loire basin, ONCFS [Office National de la Chasse et de la Faune Sauvage].12 pp. (unable to confirm the first acronym definitions)
Ridoux, V. and L. Lafontaine. (1995). Survey on the status of seals and otters along the coast of Brittany. Océanopolis & Network SOS Otters / Min. Approx. DNP (unable to confirm acronym definitions)
Riecken, U. (1988). Status of the otter (Lutra lutra) in Scheswig-Holstein (northern Germany). IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, 3(2): 25. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume4/Reicken_1989.html
Riesco, M., M. Delibes, J. Calzada, J. Esquivias, and M. Clavero. (2020).Desert otters: Distribution, habitat use and feeding ecology in arid rivers of Morocco. Journal of Arid Environments, Vol. 178, Article 104165.
Ring, J. (2002). Diet a population of otters reintroduced. Rapp. BTA GFS, 33 pp. (unable to confirm acronym definitions)
Ring. J. (2019). Den hanliga utterns reproduktion i Sverige (Lutra lutra) [The reproduction of the male otter in Sweden (Lutra lutra)]. Examensarbete i veterina?rmedicin [Degree Project in Veterinary Medicine]. Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden. [
Rio, C. (1992). European Otter: special study in Britain. Veterinary Thesis, Nantes, France. No. 073. 282 pp.
Rio, C. (1994). Study of feeding a population of otters in Central Brittany. Bulletin of the Society of Natural Sciences of the west of France, 16(2): 41-49.
Rjabow, L., and M. Sokolow. (1988). Hunting and Game Biology. Stone marten and otter in the area of Woronesch. (unable to confirm publisher information)
Robin, K. (1987). European River Otter Studbook IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, 2: 42-44.
Robin, K. (1991). La Loutre (1ère partie) [The otter (first part)]. Chasse Nature [Nature Hunting]. 11: 14-19.
Robitaille, J.F and S. Laurence. (2002). Otter Lutra lutra occurrence in Europe and in France in relation to landscape characteristics. Animal Conservation, 5: 337-344.
Roche, K. (1996). Preliminary findings on carp Cyprinus carpio predation by otters (Lutralutra) in the Trebon Biosphere Reserve. Fish Farms: Proceeding International Workshop. Litschau, Austria. 8-9 February 1996. pp. 73-82.
Rochert, R. (1988a). Assessment of pollution risk for the remaining otter populations in lower Saxony, west Germany. IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, 4: 20-24. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume4/Rochert_1989a.html
Rochert, R. (1988b). Contamination of an otter found dead in the F.R.G. [Federal Republic of Germany]. IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, 4: 25-26. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume4/Rochert_1989b.html
Rogoschik, B. (1987). Vokalisation des Europäischen Fischotters (Lutra lutra Linné 1758) und Untersuchungen zur Lautentwicklung [Vocalization of the European otter (Lutra lutra Linné 1758) and studies on sound development]. Graduation thesis, Göttingen University.
Rogoschik, B. (1989). Vokalisation und Lautentwicklung des Europäischen Fischotters [Vocalization and sound development of the European otter]. In: STUBBE, M. (ed.). Populationsökologie marderartiger Säugetiere. Wissenschaftliche Beiträge [Population ecology of marten-like mammals. Scientific contributions] Univ. Halle 37, 213-221.
Rolland, C. (2007). Otter in the basin of the Rhone. CORA Website Wildlife. (unable to confirm acronym definition)
Romanowski, J. (1994). Developing the database for otter research and conservation in Eastern Europe and Russia. Conseil de l'Europe, Rencontres environnement [Council of Europe, Environment Meetings], 24: 207-210.
Romanowski, J. (2006). Monitoring of the otter recolonisation of Poland. Hystrix, 17(1) 37-46.
Romanowski, J. and M Brzezinski. (1997). How standard is the standard technique of the otter survey?. IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, 14(2): 57-61. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume14/Romanowski_Brzezinski_1997.html
Romanowski, J., B. Gruber, and M. Brzeziñsk. (1997).The recovering otter population of central Poland. IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, 14(1): 24 https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume14/Romanowski_et_al_1997.html
Romanowski, J., M. Brzezinski, and J.P. Cygan. (1996). Notes on the technique of the otter field survey. Acta Theriologica, 41: 199-204.
Romanowski, J., M. Brzezin?ski, and M. Zmihorski. (2013). Habitat correlates of the Eurasian otter Lutra lutra recolonizing Central Poland. Acta theriologica, 58, 149-155.
Romanucci, M., R. Fusillo, M. Marcelli, M. Massimini, D. Malatesta, L. Bongiovanni, and L. Della Salda. (2019). Left atrial appendage rupture due to blunt chest trauma in an Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra). Veterinaria Italiana, 55(3): 275-278.
Romero, R. and J. Guitan, (2017). Food and feeding habits of Eurasian otter Lutra lutra and American mink Neovison vison in an Atlantic island of northwest Spain. Journal of Vertebrate Biology, 66(2):117-125.
Romina, F., L. Della Salda, M. Manlio, Z. Roberto, C. Palmieri, and L. A. U. R. A. De Riso, (2011). Otter post mortem management and research in Italy: Current situation, limits and perspectives. IUCN XI international Otter Colloquium (No. ss, pp. 73-73). Associazione Teriologica Italiana [Italian Teriological Association].
Roos, A. (2013). Otters in Sweden: Contaminants and health. PhD. Dissertation, Uppsala University.Uppsala, Sweden. 48 pp.
Roos, A. and E. Greyerz. (2007). PCBs in otters from Southern Sweden: 1970-2002. Proceedings of the European Otter Conference "Return of the Otter in Europe- Where and How?" 4 pp.
Roos, A., E. Greyerz, M. Olson, and F. Sandegren. (2001). The otter (Lutra lutra) in Sweden: Population trends in relation to DDT and total PCB concentrations during 1968-1999. Environmental Pollution, 111: 457-469.
Roos, A., F. Rigét, and J. Örberg. (2010). Bone mineral density in Swedish otters (Lutra lutra) in relation to PCB and DDE concentrations. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 73(5): 1063-1070.
Roos, A., Loy, A., de Silva, P., Hajkova, P. & Zemanová, B. (2015). Lutra lutra. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2015: e.T12419A21935287. https://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2015-2.RLTS.T12419A21935287.en
Roos, A., T. Alsberg, and J. P. Benskin. (2015). Concentrations of Perfluoroalkyl acids (pfaas) in otters from northern Sweden. Poster Session: Proceedings European Otter Workshop. 8-11 June 2015, Stockholm, Sweden. IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, Volume 33 A. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume33A/Vol33A_Index.html
Roos, A., U. Berger, U. Järnberg, J. van Dijk, and A. Bignert. (2013). Increasing concentrations of perfluoroalkyl acids in Scandinavian otters (Lutra lutra) between 1972 and 2011: A New Threat to the Otter Population? Environmental Science & Technology, 47(20): 11757-11765.
Rosendal, E. (1994). Consequences of retenone treatment for otter habitat use: A case study. Conseil de l'Europe, Rencontres environnement [Council of Europe, Environment Meetings], 24: 211-221.
Rosoux R. and M.N Bellefroid. (2006). The return of the otter in France. Symbiosis, 16: 60-62.
Rosoux, R. (1995). Cycle journalier d'activités et utilisation des domaines vitaux chez la loutre d'Europe (Lutra lutra L.) dans le marais poitevin (France) [Daily activity cycle and use of home ranges by the European otter (Lutra lutra L.) in the Poitevin marsh (France)]. Cahiers d'Ethologie, Liège [Notebooks of Ethology, Liège], 11(1): 283-305.
Rosoux, R. (1998). Étude des modalités d'occupation de l'espace et d'utilisation des ressources trophiques chez la loutre d'Europe (Lutra lutra) dans le marais poitevin [Study of the methods of occupation of space and use of trophic resources in the European otter (Lutra lutra) in the Poitevin marsh]. Thèse de doctorat d'État [State doctorate thesis], Université de Rennes 1. Rennes, France. 186 pp. + Annexes.
Rosoux, R. (2002) The restoration plan for the European otter. in "Study and Conservation of Carnivores", Proceedings of the 23rd Symposium Francophone Mammalogy, SFEPM [Société Française pour l’Etude et la Protection des Mammifères], Maisons-Alfort, 1999: pp. 120-121.
Rosoux, R. and C. Bouchardy. (1988). Problématique de la réintroduction de la loutre d'Europe en France [Problem of the reintroduction of the European otter in France]. Fascicule [Booklet]. 6 pp. SFEPM [Societie Francaise pour L’Etude et la Protection des Mammiferes]. Otter Group France. 7 pp. (unable to confirm complete name of “Otter Group France”
Rosoux, R. and C. Bouchardy. (1990). Problématique de la réintroduction de la loutre d'Europe en France SFEPM [Problem of the reintroduction of the European otter in France]. SFEPM [Societie Francaise pour L’Etude et la Protection des Mammiferes]. pp.121-133.
Rosoux, R. and C. Bouchardy. (1991). Biocenotic report expertise prior to the construction of a dam on the Bez (Drôme). SFEPM [Societie Francaise pour L’Etude et la Protection des Mammiferes]. (unable to confirm publication)
Rosoux, R. and C. Bouchardy. (1997). Notice of expertise SFEPM [Société Française pour l’Etude et la Protection des Mammifères] on the Draft reintroduction of the Eurasian otter in Alsace: Attention CNPN [Conseil National de la Protection de la Nature].
Rosoux, R. and C. Bouchardy. (2002). European otter, return? Info Wetlands, 38: 23-25. (unable to confirm publisher)
Rosoux, R. and H. Jacques. (2000). European otter in France. Courier Nature, 183: 33-39.
Rosoux, R. and J. Green. (2004). Otter. Ed Belin, Awakening, Nature, pp. 96. Resources, 17: 379-387. (unable to confirm publication)
Rosoux, R. and M. Labrid. (1988). Habitat studies of the European otter: Approach and predictable impacts on their local populations. PNR [Parc Naturel Régional] Marais Poitevin. SFEPM [Societie Francaise pour L’Etude et la Protection des Mammiferes]. 32 pp
Rosoux, R. and M.D.N. De Bellefroid. (1998b). Propositions pour la mise en oeuvre du plan de restauration de la loutre en France [Proposals for the implementation of the otter restoration plan in France]. Ministère de l'Aménagement du Territoire et de l'Environnement [Ministry of Spatial Planning and the Environment]. 39 pp.
Rosoux, R. and M.N. Bellefroid. (1998a). Biological expertise: Study of protective measures for the European otter on the roadways of the Charente coast. Report to the Infrastructure Branch of the General Council of Charente-Maritime. SFEPM [Société Française pour l’Etude et la Protection des Mammifères]
Rosoux, R. and M.N. Bellefroid. (2005). Study the presence of the European otter in the NRP of the Forêt d'Orient and analysis of habitats and environments resources. Rapp. NRP Orient Forest, Ass. Pro Lutra Museum & Nat Sc. Orleans, 15 pp. (unable to confirm publication)
Rosoux, R. and M.N. Bellefroid. (2007). Otter. Ed Artemis, Paris. 64 pp.
Rosoux, R. and R. Libois. (1993a). Status, ecology and management of otter populations in Europe (Lutra lutra) in France. Proceedings International Seminar "The otter in Luxembourg and neighboring countries." Ed. Otter Group Luxembourg, Luxembourg, 6-12. (unable to confirm the complete name of “Otter Group”)
Rosoux, R. and R. Libois. (1993b). Towards a dynamic protection of the European otter in France: Reintroduction considerations. Seminar border on Otter Bavigne. Proceedings International Seminar: "The otter in Luxembourg and neighboring countries." Ed Otter Group Luxembourg, Luxembourg, 26 -30.
Rosoux, R. and R.M Libois. (1996). Use of day resting places by the European otter (Lutra lutra) in the Marais Poitevin, France: A radio-tracking study. pp. 199-212. In: ????
Rosoux, R. and T. Tournebize. (1995). Analysis of causes of death in the European otter (Lutra lutra) in the Central West Atlantic (France). Ethology, 15: 337-350.
Rosoux, R., E. Menard, and M.D.N. De Bellefroid. (2000). Installation récente d'une population de loutres sur l'ile de Noirmoutier [Recent installation of a population of otters on the island of Noirmoutier]. Annales de la société des sciences naturelles de la Charente-Maritime [Charente-Maritime Natural Sciences Society Annals]. pp.1113-1115.
Rosoux, R., J.C Liger, R.M Libois, D. Molez, and M.N Bellefroid. (2006) The Otters in the aquifer system of caves of Arcy-sur-Cur (Yonne). Naturalists Research Centre, Region, 15.
Rosoux, R., M.N Bellefroid. et al. (2002). The European otter, study ways of recolonization: Analysis and mapping of routes of recolonization and recommendations for the restoration of ecological corridors between the Massif Central and the Atlantic wetlands Poitou-Charente. Rapp. DI. (unable to confirm acronym definition)
Rosoux, R., R. Ku?hn, and C. and C. Lemarchand Bavoux. (2002). Status of the otter. Lutra lutra, on Oléron (Charente-Maritime) island. Arvicola, 4: 55-56.
Rosoux, R., R. Ku?hn, and C. and E. Colas Merry. (2001). Attendance by the European otter, Lutra lutra, the Bay of Aiguillon and hydraulic emissaries of the Marais Poitevin. Ann. Soc. Sci. Nat. Charente-Maritime [Annales de la Societe des Sciences Naturalles de la Charenti], 9 (1): 87-93.
Rosoux, R., R. Libois, and M. de Bellefroid. (1999). Report of expertise: Conservation Program of the European otter in the Trebon Biosphere Reserve (Czech Republic). 99. Strasbourg, Council of Europe. Convention on the Conservation of European Wildlife and Natural Habitats of Europe T-PVS. (unable to confirm acronym definition)
Rosoux, R., R. Libois, C. Bouchardy, F. Mutu, M. Artois, H. Jacques and M.N. Bellefroid. (2003). Official position SFEPM [Société Française pour l’Etude et la Protection des Mammifères] on the operation of the otter reintroduction in Alsace. Handout, 4. pp.
Rosoux, R., T. Tournebize, H. Maurin, and C. Bouchardy. (1995). Study of the distribution of the European otter (Lutra lutra L.) in France. Books. Ethology, 15: 195-206. (unable to confirm publication information)
Rothwell, A. ( 2007). A short literature review on the taxonomy of otters Proceedings of the European Otter Conference "Return of the Otter in Europe -Where and How?” 3 pp.
Roucy, L. De. (1904). A bait to trap the otter. Bull. Agric. Fishing, XVI / 4: (unable to confirm publication information)
Rouibi, A. and A. and M. Merzoug Houhamdi. (2010). First observation of the European otter in the north-eastern Algeria. Wetlands Info 70: 30. (unable to confirm publication information)
Roussel, A. (1997). Study of skeletal pieces of fish found in spraints of otters. Rapp. Stage CRIR [Centre Régional d'Initiation à la Rivière]. Belle-Isle-en-Terre. 16 pp.
Roviello, V. and G. Roviello. (2019). Recent Records of the Eurasian Otter (Lutra Lutra) in the Mercure-Lao River Valley, South Italy.Otter (Journal of the Otter Trust). 2019, 90-100.
Rozhnov, V.V. and I.L. Tumanov. (1994). The status of the river otter in Russia. Conseil de l'Europe,Rencontres environnement [Council of Europe, Environment Meetings], 24: 91-94.
Rozhnov, V.V. and Rogoschik, B. (1994). The ability of the river otter (Lutra lutra L.) to distinguish fresh scent marks and longevity of conserved scent mark information. Lutreola, 3: 5-9.
Rui Beja, P. (1989). Coastal otters in southwest Portugal. IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, 4: 2-7. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume4/Rui_Beja_1989.html
Ruiz Olmo J., J. Jimenez, S. Palazon, and M. Lopez Martin. (1999). Ecologie et conservation de la loutre (Lutra lutra) et du vison d'Europe (Mustela lutreola) en milieu méditerranéen [Ecology and conservation of the otter (Lutra lutra) and the European mink (Mustela lutreola) in the Mediterranean environment]. XIIIeme Colloque Francophone de Mammalogie. Volume: L’etude et la conservation des carnivores. pp. 104-112. [XIII Francophone Symposium on Mammalogy. Volume: The study and conservation of carnivores]. pp. 104-112.
Ruiz Olmo J., R. Marsol, and V. Asensio. (2003). More on predation of fish-eating birds by Eurasian otters (Lutra lutra) in captivity. IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, 20(2): 73. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume20/Ruiz_Olmo_Marsol_Asensio_2003.html
Ruiz Olmo, J. (1994). Influence of food availability on otter distribution and abundance. Conseil de l'Europe, Rencontres environnement [Council of Europe, Environment Meetings], 24: 122-124.
Ruiz Olmo, J. (2007). Otters in the Mediterranean countries. European Otter Conference "Return of the Otter in Europe-Where and How?" 16 pp.
Ruiz Olmo, J. and R. Marsol. (2002). New information on the predation of fish-eating birds by the Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra). IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, 19(1): 103-106. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume19/Ruiz_Olmo_Marsol_2002.html
Ruiz Olmo, J. and J.M. Lopez Martin. (1994). Otters and pollution in north-east Spain. Conseil de l'Europe, Rencontres [Council of Europe, Environment Meetings]. 24: 152-154.
Ruiz Olmo, J. et al. (2000). Pollution and its effects on otter populations in South-Western Europe. Proceedings of the First Otter Toxicology Conference Isle of Skye, Scotland. pp. 63-82. https://www.otter.org/documents/research/toxicology/toxicology%20report%202.pdf
Ruiz Olmo, J., D. Saavedra, and J. Jimenez. (2001). Testing the surveys and visual and track censuses of Eurasian otters (Lutra lutra). Journal of Zoology, 253: 359-369.
Ruiz Olmo, J., M. Lopez Martin, and S. Palazon. (2001). The influence of fish abundance on the otter (Lutra lutra ) populations in Iberian Mediterranean habitats. Journal of Zoology, 254(3): 325-336.
Ruiz-Olmo J. (1989). Creation of natural reserves to protect the otters (Lutra lutra) in Catalonia. IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, 4: 31-35.
Ruiz-Olmo J. (1993). Artificial food support for Lutra lutra in a river in Spain. IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, 8: 34-36.
Ruiz-Olmo J. and J. Gosalbez. (1997). Observations on the sprainting behaviour of the otter Lutra lutra in the NE Spain. Acta Theriologica, 42: 259-270.
Ruiz-Olmo J., and M. Delibes. (1995). Recherches sur la loutre (Lutra lutra) et son statut en Espagne. [Recent advances in the study of otter ecology in Spain.] Cahiers d’éthologie [Ethology Notebooks], 15: 169-180.
Ruiz-Olmo J., L. Lafontaine, C. Prigioni, J.M López-Martín and M. Santos-Reis. (2002). Pollution and Its effects on otter populations in south-western Europe. Otter Toxicology Conference Proceedings. Isle of Skye, Scotland. Otter (Journal of the Otter Trust),2002, 1: 63-82.
Ruiz-Olmo, J. (1988). Creation of natural reserves to protect the otter (Lutra lutra) in Catalonia (N.E. Iberia). IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, 4(1): 31 – 35 https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume4/Ruiz_Olmo_1989.html
Ruiz-Olmo, J. (1995). Observations on the predation behaviour of the otter Lutra lutra in NE Spain. Acta Theiologica, 40(2): 175-180.
Ruiz-Olmo, J. (1997). The diet of the European otter (Lutra lutra L.,1758) in mediterranean freshwater habitats. Journal of Wildlife Research, 2: 171-181.
Ruiz-Olmo, J. (1998). Influence of altitude on the distribution, abundance and ecology of the otter (Lutra lutra ). pp.159-176. In: Dunstone, N. and M.L. Gorman. (eds.). Behaviour and Ecology of Riparian Mammals. Cambridge University Press.
Ruiz-Olmo, J. (2006). The otter (Lutra lutraL.) on Corfu Island (Greece): Situation in 2006. IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, 23(1): 17-25. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume23/RuizOlmo_2006.html
Ruiz-Olmo, J. and J. Jimenez. (2008). Diet diversity and breeding of top predators are determined by stability and structure: A case study with the Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra L.). European Journal of Wildlife Research, 55(2): 133-144.
Ruiz-Olmo, J. and J. Jime?nez. (2009). Diet diversity and breeding of top predators are determined by habitat stability and structure: A case study with the Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra L.). European Journal of Wildlife Research, 55: 133-144.
Ruiz-Olmo, J. and M. Clavero (2008). Los cangrejos en la ecología recuperación de la nutria en la Península Ibérica [Crabs in the otter recovery ecology in the Iberian Peninsula]. Pp: 369-396. En: J. M. López-Martín y J. Jiménez (eds.).La nutria en España. Veinte años de seguimiento de un mamífero amenazado [The otter in Spain. Twenty years of monitoring a threatened mammal]. SECEM, Málaga.
Ruiz-Olmo, J. and M. Delibes. (1998). La nutria en Espana ante el horizonte del ano 2000. SECEM, Ma?laga [The otter in Spain before the horizon of the year 2000. SECEM [Sociedad Espanola par la Conservation y Estudio de los Mamiferos, Málaga].
Ruiz-Olmo, J., A. Batet, F. Manas, and R. Marti?nez-Vidal. (2011). Factors affecting otter (Lutra lutra) abundance and breeding success in freshwater habitats of the north-eastern Iberian Peninsula. European Journal of Wildlife Research, 57: 827-842.
Ruiz-Olmo, J., A. Loy, C. Cianfrani, P. Yoxon, G. Yoxon, P.K. De Silva, A. Roos, M. Bisther, P. Ha?jkova, and B. Zemanova?. (2008). Lutra lutra. In: IUCN 2013 (Ed.), IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2013.2.
Ruiz-Olmo, J., A. Margalida, and A. Batet. (2005). Use of small rich patches by Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra L.) females and cubs during the pre-dispersal period. Journal of Zoology, 265: 339–346.
Ruiz-Olmo, J., Calvo, A., Palazón, S., Arqued, V. (1998). Is the Otter a bioindicator?. Galemys, 10: (núm. especial): 227-237. http://www.secem.es/wp-content/uploads/2013/03/G-10-NE-21-Ruiz-Olmo-et-al-227-237.pdf
Ruiz-Olmo, J., G. Jordan, and J. Gosalbez. (1989). Alimentacion de la nutria(Lutra lutra L, 1750) en el Nordests de la Peninsula Iberica. Donana [Otter feeding (Lutra lutra L, 1750) in the Northeast of the Iberian Peninsula. Donana] Acta Vertebrata, 16(2): 227-237.
Ruiz-Olmo, J., J. Jimenez and S. and J.M. López Palazón Martin. (2002). Ecology and conservation of the otter and the European mink in Mediterranean environment. In:"Study and Conservation of Carnivores", Proceedings of the 23rd Symposium Francophone Mammalogy, SFEPM [Société Française pour l’Etude et la Protection des Mammifères], Maisons-Alfort, 1999: pp. 104-112.
Ruiz-Olmo, J., J. Jimenez, and I. Marco. (1991). Radiotracking a translocated otter in Spain. IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, 6: 6-7. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume6/Ruiz_Olmo_et_al_1991.html
Ruiz-Olmo, J., J. M. Olmo-Vidal, S. Mañas, and A. Batet. (2011). The influence of resource seasonality on the breeding patterns of the Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra) in Mediterranean habitat. Canadian Journal of Zoology, 80(12): 2178-2189.
Ruiz-Olmo, J., M. Delibes, and S.C. Zapata. (1998). External morphometry, demography and mortality of the otter Lutra lutra (Linne, 1758) in the Iberian Peninsula. Galemys, 10: 239-251.
Ruiz-Olmo, J., M. Lopez-Martin, and M. Delibes. (1998). Otters and pollution in Spain. pp. 325-338. In: Dunstone, N. and M.L. Gorman. (eds.). Behaviour and Ecology of Rirparian Mammals.Cambridge University Press.
Ruiz-Olmo, R., and F. Casadesus. (1996). Effect of the otter on sport fishing in the Pyrenean mountains (NE Spain). Fish Farms: Proceedings of the International Workshop, Litschau, Austria. 8-9 February 1996. pp. 35-36.
Ruiz-Olmo. J. and J. Gosalbez.(1988). Distribution of the otter, Lutra lutra L. 1758, in the NE of the Iberian Peninsula. P. Dept. Zool. Barcelona [Zoo Barcelona]. 14: 121-132
Ruks, M. (2002). Waar zijn de Overijselse otters nu?[Where are the Overijsel otters now?]. Zoogdier [Mammal], 13(4), 21. (in Dutch).
Ryabov, L.S. (1988). The stone marten and otter in the Voronezh Region.Hunt and Hunting Industry,11: 14-16.
Top
Saavedra, D. (2002). Reintroduction of the Eurasian otter Lutra lutra in Muga and Fluvia basins (Northeastern Spain): Viability, development, monitoring and trends of the new population. PhD. Thesis, Universitat de Girona, Department of Ciencies Ambientals. Girona, Catalonia, Spain. 218 pp.
Saavedra, D. (2006). Re-Introduction of the Eurasian Otter in NE Spain. Re-Introduction News, 25: 23-25.
Saavedra, D. (2007). Re-introduction of otter in Spain. Proceedings of the European Otter Conference "Return of the Otter in Europe-Where and How?" 1 p.
Saavedra, D. and J. Sartagal. (1998). Reintroduction of the Eurasian otter in Northeast Spain (Girona Province). Proceedings VII International Otter Colloquium. March 14-19, 1998, Trebon, Czech Republic. pp. 293-296. https://iucnosgbull.org/Volume19A/Trebon-III.pdf
Saavedra, D. and J. Sartagal. (1998). Reintroduction of the Eurasian otter in northeast Spain, Galemys, 10: 191-199.
Sackl, P., W. Ilzer, and E. Kolmanitsch. (1996). Historische und aktuelle Verbreitung des Fischotters in der Steiermark [Historical and current distribution of the otter in Styria].,WWF Forschungsberichte Fischotter [WWF Research Reports: Otter], 3: 4-25.
Sales-Luis, T., J.A. Bissonette, and M. Santos-Reis. (2012). Conservation of Mediterranean otters: The influence of map scale resolution. Biodiversity and Conservation, 21: 2061-2073.
Salmah, S., A. Salsabila, J. Rizaldi, and M. Nazri. (2010). Tracks and other signs of otters in rice fields in Padang Ariaman, West Sumatra: A preliminary study. IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, 27(1): 6-11. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume27/Aadrean_et_al_2010.html
Samuelsen, T.J. (1987). European otter (Lutra lutra L.) in the Bergen Aquarium. Vie Marine Hors Série [Marine Life Special], 8: 16-22.
Sandra, L., A. Duque, Y. Luz, Y. Orozco-Jiménez, C. Zapata-Escobar, and J. A. Palacio-Baena. (2018). Conservation genetics of otters: Review about the use of non-invasive samples, Therya, 9(1) 85-93.
Santoro, M., N. D'Alessio, A. Cerrone, M. Lucibelli, G. Borriello, G. Aloise, C. Auriemma, N. Riccone, and G. Galiero. (2017). The Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra) as a potential host for rickettsial pathogens in southern Italy. PLoS One. 2017 Mar 7;12(3): e0173556. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0173556
Santoro, M., V. Veneziano,B.D. Uberti, A. Cerrone, F. Buono, N. D'Alessio, and G. Galiero. (2018). First report of an oesophageal parasite Eucoleus schvalovoj (Nematoda: Capillaridae) in otters (Lutra lutra) in Italy. Poster Session. XVIII Congresso Nazionale S.I.Di.L.V., Perugia (PG), Italia [XVIII National Congress of the Societa Italiana di Diagnostica di Laboratorio Veterinaria, Perugia (PG), Italy], pp.7-9, Novembre 2018.
Santos-Reis, M., A. Trindade and P.R Beja. (1995). Situation and state of research on otters in Portugal. Cah. Ethol. [Ethology Notebooks], 15: 181-194.
Santos-Reis, M., D. Freitas, and T. Sales-Luis (2007). Man-otter conflict in Portuguese fisheries: Introducing a comprehensive approach. Proceedings for the IOSF European Otter Conference 2003 "Return of the Otter in Europe Where and How?” Skye Island, Scotland. 8 pp.
Santos-Reis, M., R. Santos, P. Antunes, T. Sales-Luis, J. Gomes, D. Freitas, and A. Madrugas. (2006). Reconciliation of the conflict between otters and fish farmers: Lessons learned from Sado Estuary in Portugal. FRAP, 24 pp. (unable to confirm acronym definition)
Santos-Reis, M., R. Santos, P. Atunes, T. Sales-Luis, J. Gomes, D. Freitas, and L. Madruga. (2004). Reconciliation of conflict between otter and fish farmers. Part I: Lessons learned from the analysis of model conflicts. pp. 49-80. In: Klenke, R.A., I Ring, A. Kranz, N. Jepson, F. Rauschmayer, and K, Henle. (eds.). Human-Wildfife Conflict in Europe: Fisheries and Fish-eating Vertebrates. Springer: Environmental Sciences.
Sasaki, H. (2016). Chronology of the otter in Japan. (in Japanese).
Sasaki, H., M. Ando, H. Sung-Yong, M. Byung-Yoon, and S. Sung-Won, (2002). Distribution and food habits of the Eurasian otter in South Korea. Proceedings of the VII International Otter Colloquium. March 14-19, 1998, Trebon, Czech Republic. pp. 297-301. https://iucnosgbull.org/Volume19A/Trebon-III.pdf
Sauerzopf, F. (1991). Stand des Vorkommens vom Fischotter (Lutra lutraL.) im Burgenland [State of occurrence of the otter (Lutra lutra L.) in Burgenland]. BFB Bericht [Biologisches Forschungsinstitut Burgenland], 76: 19-23.
Savage, M. (2013). The Himalayan Otter Network. Asian Otter Conservation Workshop. 25th- 30th November 2013, Bengaldura, India.
Savage, M. and M.B. Shrestha. (2018). The illegal trade in otter pelts in Nepal. TRAFFIC Bulletin, 30(2).
Savage, M., S. Shar, R. Samiya, and B. Boldgiv. (2020). A National Survey of the Eurasian Otter (Lutra lutra L.,1758) in Mongolia. UCLA. Retrieved from https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3tq4r5mk
Scheffler and E. Thaler. (1986). Zur Postembryonalentwicklung des Europäischen Fischotters (Lutra lutra L.) [On the postembryonic development of the European otter (Lutra lutra L.). Zool. Garten N.F., 56: 271-288.
Scheffler, E.A. (1985). Beobachtungen zum verhalten des Europaishen fishotters (Lutra lutra, L.1758) unter besonderer berrucksichtigung seiner postembryonal-entwicklung, Beobachtingen aus den Alpen zoo[Observations on the behavior of the European fishotter (Lutra lutra, L.1758) with special consideration of its postembryonic development: Observations from the Alpine Zoo, Insbruck]. Graduation Thesis, University of Insbruck, Austria.
Schenekar, T. and S.J. Weiss. (2018). Genetische Untersuchungen der Populationsgro?ße des Eurasischen Fischotters in den Ka?rntner Fischgewa?ssern [Genetic studies of the population size of the Eurasian otter in the Carinthian fish waters]. Endbericht im Auftrag des Amts der Ka?rntner Landesregierung. 53 Seiten [Final report on behalf of the Office of the Carinthian State Government. 53 pages.].
Schmidt, G. and S. Adam. (1992). Otter: Luxembourg Society of Naturalists Luxembourg (unable to confirm publication information)
Shepherd, C.R. and Tansom, P. (2013). Seizure of Live Otters in Bangkok Airport, Thailand IUCN Otter Spec. Group Bull. 30 (1): 37 - 38 https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume30/Shepherd_Tansom_2013.html
Schmidt, G., A. Dohet, L. l’Hoste, A. Boscher, H-M. Cauchie, J. Plon, N. Nederlandt, H. Ghyselinck, S. Plattes, E. Rabold, A. Mousel, B. Casagranda, P. Thommes, Y. Krippel, A. Scheer, R. Glesener, M. Molitor, C. Schiltz, L. Hoffmann, and C. Leclercq. (2012).Restoration of the Otter Habitats in Luxembourg and Belgium: 5-Year Actions in Favour of the Eurasian Otter (Lutra lutra). IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, 29(1): 46-61. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume29/Schmidt_et_al_2012.html
Schmidt, G., L. L'Hoste, A. Dohet, A. Boscher, H.M. Cauchie, and L. Hoffmann. (2008). Riverbank assessment and management for the Eurasian otter in the north of Luxembourg. Animal Biology, 58: 473-490.
Schmidt, G., N. Claux, C. Bontinck, E. Rabold, P. Thommes, and C. Leclercq, (2015). Monitoring of the European otter lutra lutra population in the southeast of Belgium and the north of Luxembourg. Poster Session: Proceedings European Otter Workshop. 8-11 June 2015, Stockholm, Sweden. IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, 33 A. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume33A/Vol33A_Index.html
Schmidt, G., R. Koster, and A. Dohet. (2010). Small wildlife crossings Luxembourg: Techniques and types of development applied to the European otter (Lutra lutra). Proceedings of International Conference of Limnology, Thonon-the-Bains, France, 5-8 October, 2010.
Schmitt, R. (1975). Les loutres ont disparu de nos rivières [Otters have disappeared from our rivers]. Ann. Soc. Du Val et de laville de Munster [Annales of the Society of the Valley and of the City of Munster], 29: 56-57.
Scholey, G. (2007). National and international legislation and otter conservation in UK. Proceedings of the European Otter Conference "Return of the Otter in Europe-Where and How?" 11 pp.
Scorpio, V., A. Loya, M. Di Febbraro, A. Rizzo, and P. Aucelli. (2014). Hydromorphology meets mammal ecology: River morphological quality recent channel adjustments and otter resilience. River Research and Applications, 32:267–279.
Scott, H. (1985). Otters on the Somerset Levels and Moors 1983-84: Summary of Report, 23pp. The Vincent Wildlife Trust.
Sébire, M. (2000) The European otter: Reintroduction, an example followed by wild animals. Rapp. DEUG [Diploma d’etudes universitiares generals] SV. 31 pp. (unable to confirm second acronym definition)
Seignobosc, M., L. Hemerik, and H. P. Koelewijn. (2011). A Demo-Genetic Analysis of a Small Reintroduced Carnivore Population: The Otter (Lutra lutra) in The Netherlands. International Journal of Ecology. Vol. 2011, Article ID 870853, 11 pp.
Semedo-Lemsaddek, T., N.M. Pedroso, D. Freire, T. Nunes, L. Tavares, M. Verdade, and M. Oliveira. (2018). Otter fecal enterococci as general indicators of antimicrobial resistance dissemination in aquatic environments. Ecological Indicators, 85: 1113-1120.
SEPNMC, (2007). Otters in the department of Allier. Alive. Nature. (unable to confirm publication information)
Shalmon, B. (1992). Status of Otters in Israel. IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, 7: 42. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume7/Shalmon_1992.html
Shar, S, R. Samiya, B. Boldgiv, and M. Savage. (2018). A National Survey of the Eurasian Otter (Lutra lutra L.,1758) in Mongolia. IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, 35(1): 22-30. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume35/Shar_et_al_2018.html
Shashkov, E.V. (1995). Changes in the abundance of the European mink, otter and desman in some central regions of the European part of the USSR [Union of Soviet Socialist Republics] during the past 25 years. Lutreola, 5: 26-29.
Shenoy, K. (2003). Otter in the River Cauvery, Karnataka. Otter Research Group Japan. Rapport, 11: 42.
Sherrad-Smith, E., E. Chadwick, and J. Cable. (2013). Climatic variables are associated with the prevalence of binary trematodes in otter. International Journal of Parasitology, 43(9): 729-737.
Sherrard-Smith E, Cable J, Chadwick EA. (2009). Distribution of Eurasian otter biliary parasites, Pseudamphistomum truncatum and Metorchis albidus (Family Opisthorchiidae), in England and Wales. Parasitology. 15: 1-8.
Sherrard-Smith, E. and Chadwick, E.A. (2010). Age structure of the otter (Lutra lutra) population in England and Wales and problems with cementum ageing. IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, 27(1): 42-49. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume27/Sherrard-Smith_Chadwick_2010.html
Sherrard-Smith, E., D.W.G. Stanton, J. Cable, P. Orozco, V. R. Simpson, M. Elmeros, J. Dijk, F. Simonnet, A. Roos, C. Lemarchand, L. Poledník, P. Heneberg, and E. A. Chadwick. (2016). Distribution and molecular phylogeny of biliary trematodes (Opisthorchiidae) infecting native Lutra lutra and alien Neovison vison across Europe. Parasitology International, 65(2)163-170.
Sherrard-Smith, E., S.E. Perkins, E.A. Chadwick, and J. Cable. (2015). Spatial and seasonal factors are key determinants in the aggregation of helminths in their definitive hosts: Pseudamphistomum truncatum in otters (Lutra lutra). International Journal of Parasitology, 45(1): 75-83.
Shilo, R.A. (1989). 24-hour activity of the river otter in a zoo: Zooparks and their role in the conservation of wildlife. Alma-Ata. p. 136-143. (unable to confirm publisher
Shimalov, V.V., V.T. Shimalov, and A.V. Shimalov. (2000). Helminth fauna of otter (Lutra lutra Linnaeus,1758) in Belorussian Polesie. IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, 17(2) 29-30. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume17/Shimalov_et_al_2000.html
Shimalov, V.V., V.T. Shimalov, and A.V. Shimalov. (2000). Helminth fauna of otter (Lutra lutra Linnaeus, 1758) in Belorussian Polesie. Parasitology Research, 86(6): 528.
Shin, G. and P. Rho. (2017). Impacts of aquatic and riparian environmental factors on Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra) presence characteristics in the Nakdong River Basin. Journal of Environmental Science International, 26(12): 1341-1353.
Shinohara, T. (1998). Friends of the otters Japan. Proceedings VII International Otter Colloquium. March 14-19, 1998, Trebon, Czech Republic. pp. 324-325. https://iucnosgbull.org/Volume19A/Trebon-III.pdf
Shore R.F., J.W.H. Conroy, and D.N. Carss. (2007). Toxicological studies on otters in Britain: Is there a future? Proceedings of the European Otter Conference "Return of the Otter in Europe-Where and How?" 12 pp.
Shore R.F., L.A. Walker, and C.L. Wienburg. (2000). Integrated approaches to the analysis of contaminants in otters. Proceedings of the First Otter Toxicology Conference. Isle of Skye, Scotland. pp. 167-174. https://www.otter.org/documents/research/toxicology/toxicology%20report%203.pdf
Short, M. (2012). The surprising return of the otter in Britain. LeFigaro.fr [Le Figaro,France] 2/02/2012 (La Figaro is a French daily morning newspaper)
Sidorovich ,V.E. (1994). Reproduction of the otter population in Belarus: Sexual cycle, fecundity, influence of factors. Conseil de l'Europe, Rencontres environnement [Council of Europe, Environment Meetings], 24: 105-106
Sidorovich, V. E. (1989). Peculiarities of the otter (Lutra lutra L.): Ecology in conditions of anthropogenical transformation of the habitat. Dinamika Zootsenozov, Problemy Okhrany i Ratsionalnogo Ispolzovaniya Zhivotnogo Mira Byelorussia [Dynamics of Zoocenoses, Problems of Protection and Rational Use of the Animal World Belarus]. Abstracts of 6th Zoological Conference, Vitebsk, September 19-21, 1989. Minsk, Institute of Zoology of Acad. Sci. BSSR [Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic] Publication. 1989. p. 222-223.
Sidorovich, V., G. Januta, A. Polozov, I. Solovej, and J. Griffiths. (2003). Prey supply of otters (Lutra lutra) in small rivers in north-eastern Belarus: Census method used and preliminary data obtained. Lutra, 46: 13-26.
Sidorovich, V.E. (1991). Structure, reproductive status and dynamics of the otter population in Byelorussia. Acta Theriologica, 36(1-2): 153-161.
Sidorovich, V.E. (2000). Distribution and population density of the otter and pollution of aquatic ecosystems in Belarus. Proceedings of the First Otter Toxicology Conference. Isle of Skye, Scotland. pp. 83-94. https://www.otter.org/documents/research/toxicology/toxicology%20report%202.pdf
Sidorovich, V.E. (2007). Current threats and factors allowing high population density of otters Lutra lutra in Eastern Europe: Review of the published results and new findings. Proceedings of the European Otter Conference "Return of the Otter in Europe-Where and How?" 19 pp.
Sidorovich, V.E. and E.I.E. Anisimova. (1999). Comparative analysis of the helminthocenose of the native semiaquatic mustelids (Lutra lutra, Mustela lutreola) in connection with the width of the food spectra. IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, 16(2): 16-18. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume16/Sidorovich_Anisimova_1999.html
Sidorovich, V.E. and G.O. Lauzhel. (1992). Numbers of otters and approach to population estimation in Byelorussia. IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, 7: 17-20. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume7/Sidorovich_Lauzhel_1992.html
Sidorovich, V.E. and G.O. Lauzhel. (1994). Current status of habitat and abundance of the otter in Belarus: Brief information. Conseil de l'Europe, Rencontres environnement [Council of Europe, Environment Meetings], 24: 157-161.
Sidorovich, V.E. and I.L. Tumanov. (1994). Reproduction in otters in Belarus and north-west Russia. Acta Theriologica, 39(1): 59-66
Sidorovich, V.E. and M.M. Pikulik. (1998). Factors allowing high density of otters in Eastern Europe. Proceedings VII International Otter Colloquium. March 14-19, 1998, Trebon, Czech Republic. pp. 326-333. https://iucnosgbull.org/Volume19A/Trebon-III.pdf
Sidorovich, V.E., L.A. Solovej, and G.G. Januta. (2007). Dietary preferences of otters Lutra lutra in relation to aquatic prey supply in small watercourses in Belarus. Proceedings of the European Otter Conference "Return of the Otter in Europe-Where and How?" 6 pp.
Sidorovich, V.E., V.V. Savchenko, and A.V. Denisova. (1994). Heavy metals, organochlorine pesticides, PCBs and radionucleides in otters and their habitats in Belarus. Conseil de l'Europe, Rencontres environnement [Council of Europe, Environment Meetings], 24: 134-141.
Sieber, J. (1991). Habitat parameters having influence over distribution of otters (Lutra lutra). XXth Congress of the International Union Game Biologists, Hungary, August 21-26. pp. 493-498.
Sikora, S. (1984). An otter Lutra lutra (L.) of black coloration. Przeglad Zoologiczny [Zoological Review], 28: 553-554. (in Polish).
Sikora, S. (1984). Studies on the occurence of otter (Lutra lutra) in Poland. (in Polish with English abstract). Poznanskie Towarzystwo Przyjaciol Nauk Wydal Nauk Rolniczych I Lesnych [Poznan Society of Friends of Sciences of Agricultural and Forest Sciences]. 253-268.
Sikora, S. (1987). Behaviour of adult otters Lutra lutra L. in conditions of farm breeding. Poznanskie Towarzystwo Przyjaciol Nauk Wydal Nauk Rolniczych I Lesnych [Poznan Society of Friends of Sciences of Agricultural and Forest Sciences]. pp. 205-215. (in Polish with English abstract).
Sikora, S. (1992). The behaviour of otter (Lutra Lutra) connected with its places of shelter in conditions of enclosed breeding. Rozniki Akademii Rolniczej W Poznaniu. [Retailers of the Agricultural University of Poznan].183-196. (in Polish with English abstract).
Silva, P. K. de (1994). A Preliminary Study on the Food of Lutra Lutra inhabiting a Hill Stream in Sri Lanka. Asian Otter Specialist Group Newsletter 3: 5-6.
Simmonet, F. (2006). Loutre d'Europe, la reconquête des rivières: Revue d'information d'eau et rivières de Bretagne [European otter, the reconquest of rivers: Review of water and rivers in Brittany]. Automne [Fall], 2006. pp.14-17.
Simmonet, F. (2007). Mortalité routière chez la Loutre d'Europe en Bretagne [Road Mortality in the European Otter in Brittany]. Bulletin de liaison du Groupe Mammalogique Breton: n°13 [#13]. 4 pp.
Simmonet, F., G. Le Reste, and X. Gremillet. (2007). Loutre d'Europe et gestion forestière: Exemple en forêt domaniale en Bretagne [European otter and forest management: Example in national forest in Brittany]. Actes du 28è colloque francophone de mammalogie de la SFEPM [Proceedings of the 28th Francophone Mammalogy Symposium of the SFEPM (Société Française pour l’Etude et la Protection des Mammifères)]. pp.123-129.
Simon, B. (1950). Combe otters. Roman scout. Coll. Young France, Ed Dumas, 192 pp. (unable to confirm publication information)
Simpson VR, J. Hargreaves, R.J. Birtles, H. Marsden, and D.L. Williams. (2008). Tyzzer's disease in a Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra) in Scotland. Veterinary Record, 163: 539-543.
Simpson, V. (2001). Post mortem protocol for otters. pp. 159-166. In: Conroy J.W.H., P. Yoxon P., and A.C. Gutleb A. (eds.). Proceedings of the First Otter Toxicology Conference. Journal of the International Otter Survival Fund. Volume 1.
Simpson, V.R. (1997). Health status of otters (Lutra lutra) in south-west England based on postmortem findings. VetRecord, 141: 191-197.
Simpson, V.R. (2000). Disease of otters in Britain. Proceedings of the First Otter Toxicology Conference, Isle of Skye. pp. 29-40. https://www.otter.org/documents/research/toxicology/toxicology%20report%201.pdf
Simpson, V.R. (2002). Dental lesions and bite wounds in Eurasian Otters (Lutra lutra). European Association of Zoo and Wildlife Veterinarians (EAZWV) 4th Scientific Meeting. May 8-12, 2002, Heidelberg. pp. 23-24.
Simpson, V.R. (2006). Patterns and significance of bite wounds in Eurasian otters (Lutra lutra) in southern and south-west England. Veterinary Record, 158: 113-119.
Simpson, V.R. and D. Gavier-Widen. (2000). Fatal adiaspiromycosis in a wild Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra). Veterinary Record, 147(9): 239-241.
Simpson, V.R. and K. Coxon. (2000). Intraspecific aggression, cannibalism and suspected infanticide in otters. British Wildlife, 11: 423- 426.
Simpson, V.R., A.J. Tomlinson, F.M. Molenaar, B. Lawson, and K.D. Rogers. (2011). Renal calculi in wild Eurasian otters (Lutra lutra) in England.Veterinary Record, 169(2): 49.
Simpson, V.R., A.J.F. Tomlinson, and M. Molenaar. (2009). Prevalence, distribution and pathological significance of the bile fluke Pseudamphistomum truncatum in Eurasian otters (Lutra lutra) in Great Britain.Veterinary Record, 164: 397- 401.
Simpson, V.R., L.M. Gibbons, L.F. Khalil, and J.L.R. Williams. (2005). Cholecystisis in otters (Lutra lutra) and mink (Mustela vison) caused by the fluke Pseudamphistomum truncatum. Veterinary Record, 157: 49-52.
Simpson, V.R., M.S. Bain, R. Brown, B.F. Brown, and R.F. Lacey. (2000). A long-term study of vitamin A and polychlorinated hydrocarbon levels in otters (Lutra lutra) in south west England. Environmental Pollution, 110: 267-275.
Siriwat, P. and V. Nijman. (2018). Illegal pet trade on social media as an emerging impediment to the conservation of Asian otters species. Journal of Asia-Pacific Biodiversity, 11(4): 469-475
Sirugue, D. and N. Varanguin. (2002). Otter, a carnivore danger.! PNR Morvan [Parc Naturel Régional Morvan], SNH Autun. Neomys, (4-5-6): p.14. (unable to confirm second acronym definition)
Sirugue, D., O. Germain, E. Fedorov, and L. Paris. (1995). Current status and potential habitat for the otter (Lutra lutra) in the Morvan (France). Cah. Ethol. [Ethology Notebooks], 15(2-3-4): 207-222.
Sittenthaler, M., E.M. Schöll, C. Leeb, et al. (2020). Marking behaviour and census of Eurasian otters (Lutra lutra) in riverine habitats: What can scat abundances and non-invasive genetic sampling tell us about otter numbers? Mammal Research, 65: 191-202.
Sittenthaler, M., H. Bayerl, G. Unfer, et al. (2015). Impact of fish stocking on Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra) densities: A case study on two salmonid streams. Mammalian Biology, 80: 106-113.
Sittenthaler, M., L. Koskoff, K. Pinter,U. Nopp-Mayr, R. Parz-Gollner, and K. Hackländer. (2019). Fish size selection and diet composition of Eurasian otters (Lutra lutra) in salmonid streams: Picky gourmets rather than opportunists? Knowledge and Management of Aquatic Ecosystems, 420, Article Number 29.
Sittenthaler, M., W. Wanek, A. Zitek, T. Prohaska, R. Parz-Gollner, and K. Hackländer. (2016). Feeding ecology of Eurasian otters (Lutra lutra) in freshwater habitats: Preliminary results of a stable isotope approach. Mammalian Biology, 81: 16-17.
Sivasothi, N. and Nor, B.H.M. (1994). A review of otters (Camivora, Mustelidae, Lutrinae) in Malaysia and Singapore. Hydrobiologia, 285: 1-3.
Sjoasen, T. (1995). Reintroduction of European otters in Sweden. Reintroduction News, 10: 10-nov.
Sjoasen, T. (1996). Suvivorship of wild-bred and wild-caught reintroduced European otters Lutra lutra in Sweden. Biological Conservation, 76: 161-165
Sjoasen, T. (1996).Reintroduction of the European otter (Lutra lutra): Experiences from otter release in Sweden. Fish Farms: Proceeding International Workshop, Litschau, Austria. 8-9 February 1996. pp. 126-137.
Sjoasen, T. (1997). Movements and establishment of reintroduced European otters Lutra Lutra. Journal of Applied Ecology, 34: 1070-1080.
Sjöåsen, T. (1999). European otter: An otter restocking project in Sweden. Re-introduction News, 18: 18-20.
Sjoasen, T. (2007). Radio-tracking as a tool in otter conservation. Proceedings of the European Otter Conference "Return of the Otter in Europe-Where and How?" 5 pp.
Sjoasen, T., J. Ozolins, E. Greyerz, and M. Olsson. (1997). The otter (Lutra lutra) situation in Latvia and Sweden related to PCB and DDT levels. Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, 26 (4): 196-201.
Skarén, U. (1987). Skull structure in different age groups of otters (Lutra lutra) in Central Finland. Kulumus, 9:42-47.
Skarén, U. (1988) Otter studies in Finland. IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, 3(1): 3-5.
Skarén, U. (1988). Chlorinated hydrocarbons, PCBs and cesium isotopes in otters (Lutra lutra L.) from central Finland. Ann. Zool. Fennici [Annales Zoologici Fennici], 25: 271-276.
Skarén, U. (1990). Fish farming and otters in Finland. IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, 4: 28-34. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume3/Skaren_1988.html
Skarén, U. (1992). Analysis of one hundred otters killed by accidents in central Finland. IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, 7: 13-16. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume7/Skaren_1992.html
Skarén, U. (1993). Food of Lutra lutra in Central Finland. IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, 8: 31-34. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume8/Skaren_1993.html
Skarén, U. (1995). A Fox finds a Dead Otter. IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, 11:14 https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume11/Skaren_1995.html
Skarén, U. (1999). Otter count 1999 in Yla-Savo, central Finland. IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, 16(1): 32. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume16/Skaren_1999.html
Skarén, U. (2003). Otters (Lutra lutra) hunted as beavers (Castor canadensis) in Finland. IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, 20(1): 34 https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume20/Skaren_2003.html
Skarén, U. and J. Kumpulainen. (1986). Recovery of the otter Lutra lutra (L., 1758) population in the north Savo, central Finland, with an analysis of environmental factors. Lutra, 29: 117-14.
Skarén, U. and K. Jaderholm. (1987). Otter (Lutra lutra) count in Central Finland in 1986-1987. Memoranda Societata pro Fauna et Flora Fennica [Memoranda Finnish Society for Science and Flora], 83:101-104.
Skorobogatov, I.V., A.A. Atemasov, and S.P. Gashchak. (2019). Preliminary results of first-ever otter survey in Chornobyl exclusion zone, northern Ukraine. Otter (Journal of the Otter Trust). 2019: 30-38.
Skuriat, J. (2018). Rail Central; Otter and water vole survey. A report for the Ashfield Management and Gazeley GLP, Northampton, s.a.r.i. RSK Environment (engineering and environmental consultancy in the UK). 177 pp. (unable to confirm first acronym definition)
Slater, F. (2002). Progressive skinning of toads (Bufo bufo) by the Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra). IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, 19(1): 25-29. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume19/Slater_2002.html
Slater, F.M. (2021). The Social and Environmental History of the River Wye, Wales, as viewed through the changing Status of its Eurasian Otter (Lutra lutra) Population. IUCN Otter Spec. Group Bull. 38 (2): 70 – 78 https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume38/Slater_2021.html
Sleeman, D.P. and P.G. Moore. (2005). Otters Lutra lutra in Cork city. The Irish Naturalists’ Journal, 28(2): 2005.
Sloppy and Burgstahler. (1995). Contribution to the behavioral study of the European otter in captivity. Rapp. DEUG SNV, 27 pp. (unable to confirm publication information or acronym definitions)
Smallbone, W.A.,E. A. Chadwick, J. Francis, and E. Guy. (2018). East-West Divide: Temperature and land cover drive spatial variation of Toxoplasma gondii infection in Eurasian otters (Lutra lutra) from England and Wales. Parasitology, 144(11): 1433-1440.
Smet, K. de (1987). No Otters in the Tassili Mountains (Sahara). IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, 2: 26. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume2/Smet_1987.html
Smet, K. de and Lymberakis, P. (2003) Eurasian Otters (Lutra lutra) in Crete?!. IUCN Otter Spec. Group Bull. 20(1): 72 https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume20/Smet_Lymberakis_2003.html
Smiddy, P. and C. Saich. (2015). Using otter (Lutra lutra) diet to indicate presence of White-clawed crayfish (Austropotamobius pallipes) populations. The Irish Naturalists' Journal, 34(1): 45-50.
Smiroldo, G. (2019). Microplastics, alien species and amphibian male-specific predation in river otter diet (Lutra lutra): A study of two populations in the Ticino Valley (north Italy) and Sila Massif (south Italy). Doctoral Thesis. Università degli studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.
Smiroldo, G., A. Balestrieri, and E. Pini, et al. (2019). Anthropogenically altered trophic webs: Alien catfish and microplastics in the diet of Eurasian otters. Mammal Research, 64: 165–174.
Smiroldo, G., A. Balestrieri, and P. Tremolada. (2016): Distribution and diet of a recently-established population of Lutra lutra in the Valley of the River Ticino. Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
Smiroldo, G., A. Balestrieri, L. Remonti, and C. Prigioni. (2009). Seasonal and habitat-related variation of otter Lutra lutra diet in a Mediterranean river catchment (Italy). Folia Zoologica, 58: 87-97.
Smiroldo, G., A. Balestrieri, L. Remonti. and C. Prigioni. (2009). Seasonal and habitat-related variation of otter Lutra lutra diet in a Mediterranean river catchment (Italy). Folia Zoologica-Praha, 58(1): 87-97.
Smiroldo, G., A. Villa, P. Tremolada, P. Gariano, A. Balestrieri, and M. Delfino. (2019). Amphibians in Eurasian otter Lutra lutra diet: Osteological identification unveils hidden prey richness and male-biased predation on anurans. Mammal Review, 49(3): 240-255.
Smiroldo, G., P. Gariano, A. Balestrieri, R. Manenti, E. Pini, and P. Tremolada. (2019). Predation on amphibians may enhance Eurasian otter recovery in southern Italy. Zoological Science, 36(4): 273-283.
Smit, G.F.J. and A.J.M. Meijer. (1999). Experience with counting of animal road casualties. Lutra, 43: 25-33.
Smit, M. D., B.G.M. van Hattum, P.E.G. Leonards, A.J. Murk, and A.W.J. de Jongh. (1996). Modelling biomagnification of PCBs in otters. In: Smit, M. D., Leonards, P.E.G., Murk, A.J., De Jongh, A.W.J.J., Van Hattum, B. (eds.). Development of otter-based quality objectives for PCBs. Dutch Otterstation Foundation. 129 pp.
Smit, M. D., P.G.E. Leonards, A.J. Murk, A.W.J. de Jongh, and B.G.M. van Hattum. (eds.), (1996) Development of Otter-Based Quality Objectives for PCBs. Dutch Otterstation Foundation, 129 pp.
Smit, M.D., Leonards, P.E.G., B. vn Hattum. and A.W.J.J. de Jongh. (1994). PCBs in European otter (Lutra lutra) populations. Rapport 94/7.
Smit, M.D., P.E. Leonards, A.W. de Jongh, and B.G. van Hattum. (1988). Polychlorinated biphenyls in the Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra). Reviews of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 157: 95-130.
Søgaard B. and A.B. Madsen. (1996b): Management plan for otters (Lutra lutra) in Denmark. Forest & Nature Agency, 48 pp.
Sogaard, B, A.B. Madsen, and M. Elmeros. (2014). Monitoring and assessment of conservation status of the Eurasian Otter (Lutra lutra) in Denmark. Poster Session. XII IUCN OSG International Otter Congress.
Sogaard, B. (2019). Sjælland, Lolland, Falster og Møn som levested for odder Lutra lutra [Zealand, Lolland, Falster and Mon as habitats for the Lutra lutra]. Notat fra DCE-Nationalt Center for Miljø og Energi [Note from DCE-National Center for Environment and Energy]. 26 pp.
Søgaard, B. and A.B. Madsen. (1996a). Management plan for the otter (Lutra lutra) in Denmark. IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, 13(1): 37-39. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume13/Sogaard_Madsen_1996.html
Aksel Bo Madsen and Bjarne Søgaard (1994). Stop-Grids for Fish Traps in Denmark. IUCN Otter Spec. Group Bull. 1(1): 13 - 14
Sogaard, B., A.B. Madsen, M. Elmeros, L.W. Andersen, J. Bladt, and O.R. Therkildsen. (2019). The Eurasian Otter Lutra lutra: Monitoring and status in Denmark 2004-2017. Poster Session. Conference 33rd European Mustelid Colloquium, 2019.
Sokolov, A.S. and I.I. Sokolov. (1970). Some special features of the locomotory organs of the river otter and sea otters associated with the mode of life. Byulleten Moskovskogo Obshchestua Ispytalolei, Otdel Biologicheskii [Bulletin of the Moscow Society of Ispytaloli, Department of Biology], 75: 5-17.
Sordello, R. (2012). Bibliographic review on the life history traits of the European otter (Lutra lutra Linnaeus,1758) relating to his movements and needs of ecological continuity. Natural Heritage Service of the National Museum of Natural History. Paris. 19 pp.
Spiridonov. G. andN. Spassov. (1989). The otter (Lutra lutra L.,1758) in Bulgaria: Its state and conservation. Historia naturalis bulgarica [National Museum of Natural History], 1: 57-63.
Spiroux, P. (1992). Otter observation. Petit Dormouse, 40: 8.
Špur, N., K. Z. Gomboc, and A. Sorgo. (2018). Public acceptability of measures to prevent from predation on commercial fish by the endangered Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra) in Natura 2000. Journal for Nature Conservation, 44: 21-32.
Stalder, H. (1997). An Otter Project for Switzerland: Objective, activities and timetables. Intermational Workshop: The Otter, back again in Switzerland 18-19 June 1997 Möschberg, FOEFL [Federal Office of Environment Forests and Landscape]. WWF Switzerland.
Stanton, D.W.G., G.I. Hobbs, D.J. McCafferty, E. A. Chadwick, A.W. Philbey, I. J. Saccheri, F.M. Slater, and M.W. Bruford. (2014). Contrasting genetic structure of the Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra) across a latitudinal divide. Journal of Mammalogy, 95(4): 814-823.
Stanton, D.W.G., G.I. Hobbs, E.A. Chadwick, F.M. Slater, and M.W. Brudford. (2009). Mitochondrial genetic diversity and structure of the European otter (Lutra lutra) in Britain. Conservation Genetics, 10: 733-737.
Stepfather, R. (1894). Trips otter and guidence they provide for their destruction. Bull. Soc. centr. Aquicult. Fr., 6: 2. (unable to interpret publisher abbreviations)
Stephen, P. 2005 European Otter. Coll. Trails Naturalist. Ed Delachaux & Niestlé, 192 pp. (unable to confirm publication information)
Stevens, S., J.F. Organ, and T.L. Serfass. (2011). Otters as Flagships: Social and Cultural Considerations. Proceedings of Xth International Otter Colloquium, IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, 28(A): 150-61. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume28A/Stevens_et_al_2011.html
Stokes, K. (2007). Cornwall otters and river projects. Proceedings of the European Otter Conference "Return of the Otter in Europe-Where and How?" 2 pp
Strachan, R. and A. Crawford. (2007). The renaissance of the otter (Lutra lutra) to English rivers. Proceedings of the European Otter Conference "Return of the Otter in Europe-Where and How?" 14 pp.
Strachan, R. and D.J. Jefferies. (1996). Otter survey of England 1991-1994. Vincent Wildlife Trust, London, UK. 223 pp.
Struyf, K. (1987). Biologie de la loutre [Otter Biology]. soc.roy. De Zool.D’Anvers [Royal Zoological Society of Antwerp], 3: 27-32.
Suances, R. (2018). The recovery of a coastal Eurasian otter (lutra lutra) population in the Galician Atlantic Islands Maritime-Terrestrial National Park . IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, 35(1): 37-45. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume35/Romero_2018.html
Sulkava, R. (1994) The otter (Lutra lutra) in central Finland. IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, 10: 27-28. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume10/Sulkava_1994.html
Sulkava, R. (1996). Diet of otters Lutra lutra in Central Finland. Acta Theriologica,41: 395-408.
Sulkava, R. (2006). Ecology of the otter (Lutra lutra) in central Finland and methods for estimating the densities of populations. Ph.D. Thesis. University of Joensuu. Joensuu, Finland. 128.pp.
Sulkava, R. (2007). Seasonal breeding of otters (Lutra lutra) in Central Finland. Proceedings of the European Otter Conference "Return of the Otter in Europe-Where and How?" 8 pp.
Sulkava, R. (2007). Snow tracking: A relevant method for estimating otter Lutra lutra populations. Wildlife Biology, 13: 208-218.
Sulkava, R. and Storrank, B. (1993). The use of spraints in evaluating the status of an otter(Lutra lutra) population surveys on River Kokemaenjoki, Central Finland, from 1990 to 1991. Mem. Soc. Fauna Flora Fen. [Memoranda Societatis pro Fauna et Flora Fennica], 69: 65-76.
Sulkava, R. and Sulkava, P. (2009). Otter (Lutra lutra) population in northernmost Finland. Estonian Journal of Ecology, 58(3): 225-231.
Sulkava, R. and U.M. Liukko. (2007). The distribution and population trends of otters (Lutra lutra) in Finland. Proceedings of the European Otter Conference "Return of the Otter in Europe-Where and How?" 5 pp.
Sulkava, R. and U.M. Liukko. (2007). Use of snow-tracking methods to estimate the abundance of otter (Lutra lutra) in Finland with evaluation of one-visit census for monitoring purposes. Ann. Zool. Fennici [Annales Zoologici Fennici], 44: 179-188.
Sulkava, R., P.O. Sulkava, and P.E. Sulkava. (2007). Source and sink dynamics of density-dependent otter (Lutra lutra) populations in rivers of central Finland. Oecologia, 153: 579-588.
Sulky, F. (2003). Study of the diet of European otters reintroduced in Ried Centre Alsace (68). Rapp. Master BPE, 26 pp. (unable to confirm acronym definition)
Survey, F. (2006). Distribution of the European otter (Lutra lutra) in the watershed of the river Mayenne. Rapp. Mayenne Nature Environment. 60 pp.
Survey, F. (2007). Distribution of the European otter (Lutra lutra) in the watershed of the river Mayenne. Biotopes 53 & Bulletin Mayenne Sciences, 23 (2005). Mayenne Nature Environment: 27-34. (Reprint in Arvicola, 18(1): 11-16).
Survey, F. (2008). In otter to another. September 2008/Otter Mayenne. towards a return? (unable to confirm publication information)
Suzuki, T., H. Yuasa, and Y. Machida. (1996). Phylogenetic position of the Japanese river otter Lutra nippon inferred from the nucleotide sequence of 224 bp of the mitochondrial cytochrome b gene. Zoological Sciences, 13(4): 621-626.
Swiecicka, N.,H. Bernacka, and M. Golebiowska. (2017).European otter: An unusual inhabitant of the Polish fauna. Aura, Issue 12. (unable to confirm additional publication information)
Top
Taastrom, H. M. and L. Jacobsen. (1999). The diet of otters (Lutra lutra L.) in Danish freshwater habitats: Comparison of prey fish populations. Journal of Zoology, 248: 1-13.
Tangney, D.E. and J.S. Fairley. (1994). Otter signs and diet in Connemara National Park and its environs. Irish Naturalists’ Journal, 24: 434-440
Tans, M., J.L Hugla, R.M Libois, R. Rosoux, and J.P Thomé. (1996) Contamination of European otters (Lutra lutra) by PCB congeners and organochlorine pesticides in the wetlands of western France. Netherlands Journal of Zoology, 46: 326-336.
Tapie, N. (2002). Study of organic contamination (PCBs, chlorinated pesticides) of the European otter (Lutra lutra) and its main prey. EDEL DEA (Sustainable Exploitation of Coastal Ecosystems), University of Bordeaux 1. 40 pp. (uable to confirm acronym definitions)
Tapie, N., H. Budzinskl, P. Bustamente, and R. Rosoux. (2007). Contamination of the Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra) by organochlorinated pesticides (OCPs) and Polychlorobiphenyls (PCBs). Proceedings of the European Otter Conference "Return of the Otter in Europe-Where and How?" 2 pp.
Taylor, I.R., M.J. Jeffries, S.G. Abbott, I.A.R. Hulbert, and S.R.K. Virdee. (1988). Distribution, habitat and diet of the otter Lutra lutra in the Drina catchment, Yugoslavia. Biological Conservation, 45(2): 109-119.
Taylor. P.S. and H. Kruuk. 1990. A record of an otter natal den. Journal of Zoology (London). 222: 689-692
Tessier, M. (2001). Behavior of otter observed at midday to be fishing. Nature in the Vendee, 1: 59-60.
Teubner, J., Ja Teubner, D. Dolch, and H. Blum. (1999). Die aktuelle Verbreitung des Fischotters Lutra lutra (L., 1758) im Land Brandenburg [The current distribution of the otter Lutra lutra (L., 1758) in the state of Brandenburg].Naturschutz Landschaftspflege Brandenburg [Nature Conservation and Landscape Management in Brandenburg], 8: 82-92.
Teyssier, S. (1997). Status of otters on the Forez in the department of the Loire. Rapp. Ornithological Centre Rhône-Alpes Section Loire, Rhône-Alpes Regional Council, General Counsel of the Loire, 54 p. + Annexes.
The Gloahec, G. (1999). Study the distribution of the European otter (Lutra lutra) on the watershed Leaving (22). Rapp. BTS Management Nature Conservation, session 1997-1999, 50pp. + Annexes. (unable to confirm acronym definition)
The Méner, A. (2000). Back otter in the Alsatian Ried. Rapp. BTA GFS, 29 pp. (unable to confirm acronym definitions)
Thiriet J. and L. Mercier. (2006). Recent indices of the presence of the European otter Lutra lutra (Linnaeus, 1758) (Carnivora, Mustelidae) in northern Haut-Rhin (France). Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Ethn. Colmar, 67: 77-87. (unable to confirm publisher abbreviations)
Thol-Schmitz, H. (2007). Status of the Eurasian otter Lutra lutra in Turkey and experiences with establishing a national otter database. Proceedings of the European Otter Conference "Return of the Otter in Europe-Where and How?" 9 pp.
Thom, T.J., C.J. Thomas, N. Dunstone, and P.R. Evans. (1998). The relationship between riverbank habitat and prey availability and the distribution of otter (Lutra lutra) signs: An analysis using a geographical information system. pp. 135-158. In: Dunstone, N. and M.L. Gorman. (eds.). Behaviour and Ecology of Riparian Mammals. Cambridge University Press.
Thuaire, N. (2004). Distribution of the Eurasian otter in Corrèze. Mem. MST, Metz University, GMHL [Groupe Mammalogique et Herpétologique du Limousin]. 58 pp. + Annexes. Metz, Germany, (unable to confirm first acronym definition)
Thucydides. (2006). Discovery of a fossil mammal otter kind dating back to the Jurassic. (unable to confirm publication)
Thue, M. (2012). Living Coasts Torquay (England): Arrival of otters in Europe in 2012. (unable to confirm additional publication information)
Times, Japan. (2018). River otter spotted on Tsushima probably not native species, 13/10/2018.
Tinguy, Count. (1895). Hunting of otter hounds. Ed Grimaud, Nantes, 1895. (Rééd). Les Editions du Bout du Monde [Editions du Bout du Monde] Plougonven 1987: 15-144).
Tison, J.,V. Blennow, and E. Palkopoulou, et al. (2015). Population structure and recent temporal changes in genetic variation in Eurasian otters from Sweden. Conservation Genetics,16: 371-384.
Tjumin, B.N. (1990). Diet of the otter in the autonomic Republic Komi. (unable toconfirm publication information)
Tkachenko ,K.N . (2017). Special features of otter (Lutra lutra) nutrition in the lowland river of the southern Amur Region on the example of Bolshekhekhtsirsky reserve. Russian Journal of Ecology, 48(2):199-201.
Toman, A (1996b). Otters (Lutra lutra) versus privatisation in the Czech Republic. Otters and Fish Farms: Proceeding International Workshop, Litschau, Austria. 8-9 February 1996. pp. 6-7.
Toman, A. (1996a). Otter (Lutra lutra) damage compensation in the Czech Republic. Fish Farms: Proceeding International Workshop, Litschau, Austria. 8-9 February 1996. pp. 118-119.
Toman, A., M. Roche, and K. Roche. (2007). The re-introduction of otters (Lutra lutra ) in Czech Republic. Proceedings of the European Otter Conference "Return of the Otter in Europe-Where and How?" 1 p.
Tomlinson, and V. Simpson, V. (2005). Bile fluke in otters and mink. Veterinary Record, 158(2): 69.
Topping M. and H. Kruuk. (1996). Size selection of prey by otters Lutra lutra: An experimental approach. Zeitschrift fur Saugetierkunde [Journal of Mammals], 61: 376-378.
Torres, J., C. Feliu, J. Fernandez-Moran, J Ruiz-Olmo, R. Rosoux, M. Santa-Reis, J. Miquel, and R. Fons. ( (2004). Helminth parasites of the Eurasian Lutra lutra in southwest Europe. Journal of Helminthology, 78(4): 353-359.
Torres, J., J. Miquel, and C. Feliu. (1999). Redescription of Eucoleus schvalovoj (Nematoda: Capillariidae): An oesophagal parasite of the Eurasian otter Lutra lutra in Spain. Folia Parasitologica, 48(4): 285-288.
Traas, M., J.L. Hugla, R. Libois, R. Rosoux, and J.P. Thome. (1996). Contamination of European otters (Lutra lutra) by PCB congeners and organochlorinated pesticides in the wetlands of western France. Netherlands Journal of Zoology, 46(3-4): 326-336
Traas, T.P., R. Luttik, O. Klepper, E.M. Jacobus, E.M. Beurskens. M.D. Smit, P.E.G. Leonards, A.G.M. Van Hattuma, and T. Aldenberg. (2001). Congener-specific model for polychlorinated biphenyl effects on otter (Lutra lutra) and associated sediment quality criteria. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, 20(1): 205-212.
Tremolada, P., G. Smiroldo, F. Verduci, E. Gatti, P. Boggioni, L. Gianfranceschi, C. Prigioni, E. Capelli, and A. Balestrieri. (2020). The otter population of the River Ticino (N Italy) 20 years after its reintroduction. Mountain Ecology, Vol. 13. (unable to confirm page numbers)
Tricot, J. and B. Jardon. (1999). Footprints and tracks. Indices presence. Otter. Aves Contact No. 5/99: 20-27. (unable to confirm publication information)
Trindade, A. (1987). A lontra in Alguns Vertebrados do Parque Natural da Peneda-Gerês.Serviço Nacional de Parques, Reservae Conservação da Natureza. Lisboa [The otter and some vertebrates of the Peneda-Gerês National Park. National Park Service, Reserves and Nature Conservation. Lisbon]. (unable to confirm publication information)
Trindade, A. (1988). Some observations on the otter population in the Homem catchment (N.W. Portugal). IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, 3(3): 33-36.
Trindade, A. (1989). Some research projects on otters in Portugal. Habitat, 6: 263-264.
Trindade, A. (1990). Some observations on the otter population in the Homem Catchment N.W. Portugal). IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, 5: 61-68. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume5/Trindade_1990.html
Trindade, A. (1991). Fish farming and otters in Portugal. IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, 6: 7-9. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume6/Trindade_1991.html
Trindade, A. (1994) Monitoring Lutra lutra habitats in Portugal: A conceptual plan. IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, 10: 41-46. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume10/Trindade_1994.html
Trindade, A. (1995). A brief reflection on the problematics of the conservation of the otter and wetland areas. ( publisher information could not be confirmed)
Trindade, A. and H. Farinha. (1998). Otter distribution in Portugal. Proceedings
Trindade, A., N. Farinha, and E. Florêncio. (1998). A distribuição da Lontra Lutra lutra em Portugal: situação em 1995. DSCN/DEP [The distribution of Lontra Lutra lutra in Portugal: Situation in 1995. DSCN / DEP]. Estudos de Biologia e Conservação da Natureza; 28 [Studies in Biology and Nature Conservation. 28]. (unable to confirm publisher and acronym definitions)
Trindade, A., N. Farinha, E. Florêncio, and M. Sousa. (1996). Otter Conservation in Portugal: Distribution and status of Lutra lutra in five protected areas of the country. IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, 13(1): 15-24 https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume12/Trindade%20_et_al_1995.html
Trindade, G. (2002). A lontra (Lutra lutra Linnaeus,1758) na bacia hidrográfica do Sado: distribuição e análise dos arrozais comofonte de recursos tróficos [The otter (Lutra lutra Linnaeus, 1758) in the Sado watershed: Distribution and analysis of rice fields as a source of trophic resources]. Graduation thesis. Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa [Faculty of Sciences, University of Lisbon]. Lisbon. Portugal.
Triplet P. (1981) La Loutre en Picardie. Picardie Nature 13: 10.
Triplet P. (1982) Evolution du statut de la Loutre Lutra lutra dans le département de la Somme. Bull. Liais. Groupe Loutre 13 : 1-2.
Trowbridge, B.J. (1983). Olfactory communication in the European otter (Lutra lutra), PhD. Dissertation. University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, Scotland.
Tschirch, W. (1978). B1-Avitaminose beim europäischen Fischotter (Lutra lutra L.) [B1-avitaminosis in the European otter (Lutra lutra L.)]. (unable to confirm publisher)Verhandlungsberichte des XX. Internationalen Symposiums über die Erkrankungen der Zootiere [Negotiation Reports of the XX International Symposium on Diseases of Zoo Animals]. Dvur Králové 1978, Akademie Verlag Berlin [Academy Publishing, Berlin] pp. 299-300.
Tschirch, W. (1986). Zum Fischotterschutz im Lausitzer Teichgebiet.[To protect otters in the Lusatian pond area]. Beiträge zur Jagd- und Wildtierforschung, [Contributions to hunting and wildlife research],14: 210-214
Tschirch, W. (1992). Immunprophylaxe bei Fischottern (Lutra lutra).[Immune prophylaxis for otters (Lutra lutra)]. Verh. Ber.Erkr. Zootiere [Proprietary report: Zoo animals], 34: 97-102.
Tschirch, W. (1993). Der Nachweis der Fäkalsteroide als Mittel der biomedizinischen Forschung-dargestellt am Beispiel des Europäischen Fischotters (Lutra lutra) [Evidence of faecal steroids as a means of biomedical research: Illustrated using the example of the European otter (Lutra lutra)]. Verh. Ber. Erkr. Zootiere [Proprietary report: Zoo animals], 35: 317-320.
Tschirch, W. (1995a). New biomedical methods for field research: Represented by example of the otter (Lutra lutra). Methoden feldökol.Säugetierforsch [Methods for Mammal Field Research],1: 203-210.
Tschirch, W. (1995b). Umweltschadstoffe und ihre mögliche Wirkung auf Fischotterpopulationen [Environmental pollutants and their possible effect on otter populations]. Beiträge zur Jagd-und Wildtierforschung.[Contributions to Hunting and Wildlife Research], 20: 141-154.
Tsvetkov I. N. and N.P. Korablev. (2019). Helminth fauna of mustelids (Neovison vison, Lutra lutra, Martes Martes, Mustela putorius, Meles Meles) at center of European part of Russia: Preliminary results. Теория и практика борьбы с паразитарными болезнями [Theory and Practice of Controlling Parasitic Diseases], pp. 679-683.
Tulloch, B. 1998. Otters. Editions Nathan, Paris.
Tumanov, I.L. (1998). Status and reproductive features of otter in the North-west of Russia. Proceedings VII International Otter Colloquium. March 14-19, 1998, Trebon, Czech Republic. pp. 361-364. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume19A/Trebon-III.pdf
Tumanov, I.L. and V.E. Sidorovich. (1994). Reproduction features and demography of the river otter. Conseil de l'Europe, Rencontres environnement [Council of Europe, Environment Meetings], 24: 107-109.
Turrian, F. (1997). Are the natural resources available to establish a viable otter population in Switzerland? International Workshop: The otter, back again in Switzerland.18-19 June 1997, Möschberg, FOEFL, WWF Switzerland?
Tuzun, I. and I. Albayrak. (2005). The effect of disturbances to habitat quality on otter (Lutra lutra) activity in the river Kilizirmak (Turkey): A case study. Turkish Journal of Zoology, 29: 327-335.
Twelves, J. (2007). Otters and fish-farming: A good news story. Proceedings of the European Otter Conference "Return of the Otter in Europe-Where and How?" 3 pp.
Tyurkin, B.N. (1990). The feeding of the river otter in the ASSR [Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic]. Bulletin of Zoology, 1: 55-58.
VII. International Otter Colloquium. March 14-19, 1998, Trebon, Czech Republic. pp. 356-360. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume19A/Trebon-III.pdf
Top
Udasin, S. (2014). Nature survey: Israeli otter population critically endangered. Jerusalem Post. June 1, 2014. 17:10.
Ulevicus, A. and L. Balciauskas. (1994). Otter population density in Lithuania. Conseil de l'Europe, Rencontres environnement [Council of Europe, Environment Meetings] 24: 84-86.
Ulhami, T.Z.N. and A. Urfan. (2005). The effect of disturbances to habitat quality on the otter (Lutra lutra) activity in the river Kizilirmak (Turkey): A case study. Turkish Journal of Zoology, 29: 327-335.
Ullah, I., U. Noureen, M. Arshad, and W. Jadoon. (2012). Factors influencing distribution of Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra) in Swat and Dir Districts, Pakistan. IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, 29(1): 24-33. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume29/Ullah_et_al_2012.html
Ulutürk, S. and G. Yürümez. (2017). Türkiye’den yeni Lutra lutra Linnaeus [From Turkey new Lutra lutra (Linnaeus, 1758) records]. kayitlari. Kommagene Biyoloji Dergisi [Commagene Journal of Biology], 1(1): 21-24.
Umapathy, G. and G. Durairaj. (1995). Preliminary studies on the feeding ecology of the otter Lutra lutra at Pitchavaram, East Coast of India. IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, 11: 24-26. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume11/Umapathy_Durairaj_1995.html
Urban, P (2017). Conflicts of otter and man in Slovakia: A Review. Proceedings European Otter Workshop, 8-11 June, 2015, Stockholm, Sweden. IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, 33(A): 9-20. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume33A/Vol33A_Index.html
Urban, P. (2010). The Eurasian Otter (Lutra lutra) in Slovakia: A preliminary report from a survey. IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, 27(3): 147-157. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume27/Urban_2010.html
rban, P. (2013). Re-colonisation of the Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra) in the Hron River Catchment (Slovakia): A preliminary report from a survey, or who reintroduced the otter in the Hron river and why? IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, 30(2): 78-102. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume30/Urban_2013.html
Urban, P., C. Balázs, I. Lantos, S. Gáspár, M. Joó, and K. Harmos. (2011). Eurasian Otter (Lutra lutra) in the central part of the Slovak-Hungarian Border Area. IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, 28(2): 99-112. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume28/Urban_et_al_2011.html
Urban, P., R. Hrivnák, H. Otahelová, and K. Weis. (2010). Aquatic macrophyte vegetation and its relationship to the ccurrence of the Eurasian Otter (Lutra lutra) in the Hron River (Slovakia). IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, 27(3): 158-165. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume27/Urban_et_al_2010.html
Top
Vaclavikova, M., T. Vaclavik, and V. Kostkan. (2011). Otters vs. fishermen: Stakeholders’ perceptions of otter predation and damage compensation in the Czech Republic. Journal for Nature Conservation, 19, 95-102.
Vade, J.Y., C. Pouvreau, and F. Leger. (2001). Observations de loutres (Lutra lutra ) dans la région Centre (Loir-et-Cheret Indre-et-Loire) recherches naturalistes en région Centre 10 61-63 [Observations of otters (Lutra lutra) in the Center region (Loir-et-Cheret Indre-et-Loire) naturalistic research in the Center region]. 10: 61-63.
Vaisfeld, M.A. (1994). The river otter in the European North of Russia. Conseil de l'Europe, Rencontres environnement [Council of Europe, Environment Meetings], 24: 110-114.
Valenza, V. (1999). Otter reintroduction of Europe in Alsace. Rapp. Mastery BPE , 20 pp. (unable to confirm acronym definition)
Valladier, E. and E. Leciak. (1995). Otter Inventory: Upper basin of the Loire. Ministry of Environment, Nature and DIRENs Auvergne Haute Loire. (unable to confirm acronym definition)
Van Bree, P.J.H (1968). Deux exemples d'application de critères d'âge chez la loutre, Lutra lutra (Linnaeus, 1758) [Two examples of application of age criteria in the otter, Lutra lutra (Linnaeus, 1758)]. Beaufortia, 183 vol.15: 27-31.
Van der Spek, K. (2017). Een verspreidingsanalyse van de otter (Lutra lutra) in de gelderse poort en omstreken te gelderland [A distribution analysis of the otter (Lutra lutra) in the Gelderse Poort and surrounding areas in the Netherlands]. van hall Larestein, University of Applied Sciences.
Van Dijk, J., J. Carrillo, O. Hamre, and O. Kleven. (2020). Monitoring of Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra) around Nyhamna (Aukra municipality) on the western coast of Norway. Final report 2015-2018. NINA Report 1713. Norwegian Institute for Nature Research.
Van Ewijk, K.Y., A.P. Knol, and R.C.C.M. De Jongh. (1996). An otter PVA as preparation of a reintroduction experiment in the Netherlands. Zeitschrift fur Säugetierkunde [Journal of Mammals]. 62: Suppl. II.
Van Liere, B.E. (2004). Why philosophers should be interested in otters, and why otters should be interested in philosophy. IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, 21(1): 5-9.
Van Liere, B.E. and L.E. Van Liere. (2005). Reintroduction of the otter Lutra lutra in the Netherlands: Did it really meet international guidelines? Lutra, 48(2): 131-134.
Van Moll, G.C.M. (1988). Causes of otter mortality in the Netherlands between 1963 and 1987. IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, 3: 1-51.
Van Moll, G.C.M. (1990). European otters and preventive measures in fish-fykes: On the matter of the proper mesh-width for stop-grids. IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, 4: 35-40.
Varanguin, N. and D. Sirugue. (2002). Status of the European Otter in Burgundy: Inventory and assessment of streams in the basin of the Seine upstream. SNH Autun, 110 pp. (unable to confirm acronym definition)
Varanguin, N. and D. Sirugue. (2003). European Otter. PNR [Parc Naturel Régional] Morvan, SNH Autun. Neomys, 7: 4-5. (unable to confirm acronym definition)
Varanguin, N. and D. Sirugue. (2005). Status of the European Otter in Burgundy in 2004. In: “Conservation of the Otter”, Proceedings of the XXVII Conference of Francophone Mammalogy, 9 & 10 October 2004, Limoges (87). Ed SFEPM/GMHL[Société Française pour l’Etude et la Protection des Mammifères/GroupeMammalogique et Herpétologique du Limousin]. pp. 35-46.
Varanguin, N. and D. Sirugue.( 2001). Status of the European otter in Burgundy: Inventory and assessment of watercourses in two areas of the valleys of the Loire and the Doubs. SNH Autun, Burgundy DIRENs, 105 pp. (unable to confirm acronym definition)
Ventura, R., M. Casasampere, R. Berges, J. Fernandez-Moran, and J. SEGURA. (2002). Quantification of perphenazine in Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra lutra ) urine samples by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Journal of Chromatography, B769: 79-87.
Vergara M., A. Ruiz-Gonzalez, J. Lopez de Luzuriaga, and B.J. Gomez-Moliner. (2014). Individual identification and distribution assessment of otters (Lutra lutra) through noninvasive genetic sampling: Recovery of an endangered species in the Basque Country (Northern Spain). Mammalian Biology, 79: 259-267.
Vetrovkova, J. (2006). Identifying individual otters (Lutra lutra) based on measurements of their footprints: Standardization of the method and its potential for censusing and monitoring wild otter populations. University of Texas at Arlington. 114 pp.
Vincent, C. (2010). Formerly endangered, otter restocking rivers. Le Monde, 21/08/2010.
Vincent, T. and C. Canino. (2002). European otters Lutra lutra (Linnaeus, 1758) on the coast of the Pays de Caux. Reflections on some data. Bull. trim. Soc. geol. Normandy Friends Mus. Havre, 87(4): 67-70. (unable to interpret publisher abbreviations)
Viscardi, M., M. Santoro, M.T. Clausi, L. Cozzolino, N. Decaro, M.L. Colaianni, and G.Fusco. (2019). Molecular detection and characterization of carnivore parvoviruses in free-ranging Eurasian otters (Lutra lutra) in southern Italy. Transboundry and Emerging Diseases, 66(5):1864-1872.
Vismanis, K. and J. Ozolins. (1998). Preliminary data on parasites of European otter in Latvia. Proceedings VII International Otter colloquium. March 14-19, 1998, Trebon, Czech Republic. pp. 374-378. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume19A/Trebon-III.pdf
Vitaud, M.C. (1991). Otter Europe. Thesis veterinarian, Maisons-Alfort , No. 015, pp. 114.
Vogel, C. (1996). Vorkommen und Verbreitung des Eurasischen Fischotters (Lutra lutraL.) im Spannungsfeld Mensch-Natur [Occurrence and distribution of the Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra L.) in the field of tension between man and nature] Projektabschlußbericht [Final project Report]. (in German).
Vogt, P. (1995). The European breeding program (EEP) for Lutra lutra : Its chances and problems. Hystrix, 7(1-2) 247-253. [C] (unable to confirm acronym definition)
Voigt, M.B., C. Hackenbroich, H. H. Krüger, A. Liebau, and K.H. Esser. (2019). The in-air auditory thresholds of the Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra, L. 1758) as determined by auditory brainstem responses. Hearing Research, Vol. 381: Article 107774.
Top
Wahlström, K., T. Nikkilä, and A. Uggla. (1999). Sarcocystis species in skeletal muscle of otter (Lutra lutra). Parasitology, 118(1): 59-62.
Waku, D., T. Segawa, T. Zonezawa, A. Akiyoshi, T. Ishige, M. Uneda, H. Ogawa, H. Sasaki, M. Ando, N. Kohno, and T. Sasaki. (2016). Evaluating the phylogenetic status of the extinct Japanese otter on the basis of mitochondrial genome analysis. PLoS ONE, 11(3): e0149341. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0149341.
Walker, L.A., A.J. Lawlor, E.A. Chadwick, E.D. Potter, M.G. Pereira, R.F. Shore, and J.S. Chaplow. (2015).Metal and metalloid concentrations in the livers of Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra) from England and Wales. NERC Environmental Information Data Centre. (Dataset). DOI: https://doi.org/10.5285/2effc7c4-82c8-4000-af8d-fdf82b1c3192
Walker, L.A.; C. Moeckel, M.G. Pereira, E.D. Potter, E.A. Chadwick, and R.F. Shore. (2016). Liver concentrations of flame retardants in Eurasian otters (Lutra lutra) collected from Scotland between 2013 and 2015: A Predatory Bird Monitoring Scheme (PBMS) Report. Lancaster, NERC (Natural Environment Research Council) / CEH (Centre for Ecology & Hydrology), 14pp. (CEH Project no. C0519100).
Walsh, G. (2018). Quality of data collected through the use of camera traps at a number of sites frequented by otters within Cork City. Cork: Community-Academic Research Links, University College Cork. (unable to confirm page umbers)
Walter, J. (1990). Restoration plan for the otter habitat in the Netherlands. IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, 5: 41-44. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume5/Walter_1990.html
Wank, M. (1977). Fischotter-und Schildkrötenfunde im Mittelmiozän von Schönweg (Lavanttal, Kärnten) [Otter and turtle finds in the Middle Miocene from Schönweg (Lavanttal)], Carinthia, 16_87: 153-156.
Waters, S. and A. El Harrad. (2018). New Location for the Eurasian otter Lutra lutrain the catchments of the Western Rif Mountains of Morocco. IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, 35(4): 230-234. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume35/Waters_Harradl_2018.html
Watson, H. (1978). Coastal otters (Lutra lutra L.) in Shetland. Vincent Wildlife Trust, London.
Watt, J. (1995). Seasonal and area-related variations in the diet of otters Lutra lutra on Mull. Journal of Zoology, 237: 179-194.
Watt, J.P. (1993). Ontogeny of hunting behavior of otters (Lutra lutra) in a marine environment. Symposia of the Zoological Society of London, 65: 87-104.
Wayre, P. (1985). A successful reintroduction of European otter. Oryx, 19 (3): 137-139.
Wayre, P. (1989). Operation otter. Chatto and Windus, London
Wayre, P. (year unknown). Private world of the otter: Meet the playful river nomad, Article, 28-31.
Weber D., Weber, J.-M. & Müller, H.-U. (1991). Fischotter (Lutra lutra L.) in Schwarzwasser-sense gebeit; dokumentation eines gescheiterten. [Otters in the Schwarz-wasser-Sense-catchment; documentation of an unsuccessful re-introduction project.] Mitteilingen der Naturforscheden Geseltschaft in Bern. Wiederein-bürgerungsversuches (In German with English summary.)
Weber, D. (1987) A model to evaluate potential otter habitats in Switzerland. (50p; German and French version available). Federal Office of Environment, Forests and Landscape, Bern
Weber, D. (1990) PCBs as the cause of the otter decline in Europe and in Switzerland: hypothesis, facts, missing evidence. (17pp; in German). Federal Office of Environment, Forests and Landscape, Bern
Weber, D. (1990) .The extirpation of the otter in Switzerland. (15pp; in German and French) . Federal Office of Environment, Forests and Landscape, Bern
Weber, D. (1990). La fin de la Loutre en Suisse [The end of the otter in Switzerland]. Rapport final du "Groupe Loutre Suisse", 1984-1990. Cahier de l'environement no. 128. Published by L'Office federal de l'environment, des forets et du paysage OFEFP [L'Office federal de l'environment, des forets et du paysage] OHNE [Otter Habitat Network Europe], Berne. 101 pp.
Weber, D. (1990). Otter Switzerland. Explanation for the decline and chances of reintroduction. Presentation Science Committee. Nat. Soc. Industry Mulhouse, 4 pp. (unable to interpret publication abbreviations)
Weber, D. (1990). The end of the otter and of otter reintroduction plans in Switzerland. IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, 5: 45-50. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume5/Weber_1990.html
Weber, D. (1992). Why was the attempt to release otters in Switzerland stopped? Habitat, 7: 153-155.
Weber, D. (1997). What is the role of Switzerland regarding otter conservation in a European.(unable to confirm publisher information)
Weber, D. and Weber, J.-M. (1989) The otter in western Switzerland (14pp; in German and French)
Weber, D. The extirpation of otters in Switzerland: a history of the changing problems in conservation, (in German)
Weber, D., Weidkuhn, C. and Hohl, C. (1988) Western Switzerland and Ticino as potential otter habitats. (64pp; German and French version available). Federal Office of Environment, Forests and Landscape, Bern
Weber,D., Weber; J.-M. and Müller, H. -U. Otters in the Schwarzwasser-Sense-catchment: documentation of an unsuccessful re-introduction project, (Gerrnan; French and English summary)
Weber, H. (2000). Malignant melanoma in a Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra). Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine. 31: 87-90.
Weber, J.M and D. Weber. (1991). The otter in western Switzerland. In: Reuther, C and C. Rochert (eds) (1989). Proceedings of the Vth International Otter Colloquium. Habitat, 6. 53-55.
Weber, J.M. (1990). Seasonal exploitation of amphibians by otters (Lutra lutra) in north-east Scotland. Journal of Zoology (London), 220: 641-651.
Weber, J.M. (2003). Re-introduction experience in Switzerland. Proceeedings of the European Otter Conference " Return of the Otter in Europe, Where and how? "Isle of Skye,(Scotland), July 2003.
Weber, J.M. (2004). Vers un retour naturel de la loutre en Suisse [Towards a natural return of the otter to Switzerland]? KORA-Carnivore Ecology and Wildlife Management. 11 pp.
Weber, J.M. (2007). Re-introduction experience in Switzerland. Proceedings of the European Otter Conference "Return of the Otter in Europe-Where and How?" 3 pp.
Weber, J.M. (2011). Food habits of Eurasian otters(Lutra lutra) escaped in a suburban environment in Switzerland. Swiss Journal of Zoology, 118(3): 485-489.
Weber, J.M. and L. Roberts. (1989). A bacterial infection as a cause of abortion in the European otter Lutra lutra. Journal of Zoology, 219: 688-690.
Weghofer, A. (1996). Quantitative und qualitative Verteilung von Quecksilber in den Organen des Fischotters [Quantitative and qualitative distribution of mercury in the otter's organs] Thesis. University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna. Vienna, Austria.
Weinberger, I.C. (2016). The Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra) in the Alpine Arc: Resource selection and habitat suitability models. PhD. Dissertation, University of Zurich, Faculty of Science. Switzerland.
Weinberger. I.C., S. Muff, A. de Jongh, A. Franz, and F. Bontadina. (2016). Flexible habitat selection paves the way for recovery of otter populations in the European Alps. Biological Conservation, 199: 88-95.
Weir, V. and K.E. Bannister. (1973). The food of the otter in the Blakeney area. Transactions of the Norfolk and Norwich Naturalists’ Society, 22: 377-382.
Welch, R.C. (1987). Dytiscus semisulcatus-food for otters. The Balfour-Browne Club Newsletter, October, 1987,16.
Wells, G.A.H., I.F. Keymer, and K.C. Barnett. (1989). Suspected Aleutian disease in a wild otter (Lutra lutra).Veterinary Record, 125: 232-235.
West, R.B. (1975). The Suffolk otter survey. Suffolk Natural History, 16: 378-388.
Whilde, T. (1987). Additional otter Lutra lutra records. Irish Naturalists’ Journal, 22: 322.
White, P.C.L., C.J. McClean, and G.L. Woodroffe. (2003). Factors affecting the success of an otter (Lutra lutra ) reinforcement programme, as identified by post-translocation monitoring translocation. Biological Conservation, 112(3): 363-371.
White, P.C.L., K.W. Gregory, P.J. Lindley, and G. Richards. (1997). Economic values of threatened mammals in Britain: A case study of the otter Lutra lutra and the water vole Arvicola terrestris. Biological Conservation, 82: 345-354.
White, S., D. O’Neill, D.B. O’Meara, C. Shores, C. O’Reilly, A.P. Harrington, G. Weyman, and D.P. Sleeman. (2013). A non-invasive genetic survey of otters (Lutra Lesnaya Promyshlenost IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, 30(2): 103-111.
Wickens, J.D. (1991). Otter survey of Roaringwater Bay, South West Cork, Ireland-1990. Bulletin Sherkin Island, 12. 38 pp.
Wieser, A. (1993). Das Fischottervorkommen in Karnten zwischen 1880 Lesnaya Promyshlenost Publ. und 1992. [The otters in Karnten between 1880 and 1992] Diplomarbeit [Thesis]. Universitat Graz [University of Graz], Graz, Austria. 106 pp.
Willemsen, G.F. (1980). Comparative study of the functional morphology of some Lutrinae, especially Lutra lutra, Lutrogale perspicillata and the Pleistocene Isolalutra cretensis. Proceedings Koninklijke Nederlandse Akademie van Weten-s c h a p p e n [Proceedings Royal Netherlands Academy of Sciences], B, 83: 289-326.
Willemsen, G.F. (1992). A revision of the Pliocene and Quaternary Lutrinae from Europe. Scripta Geologica, 101: 1-115.
Willemsen, G.F. (1996). The Cretan otter (Lutrogale cretensis). In: REESE, D.S. (Ed.): Pleistocene and Holocene fauna of Crete and its first settlers, Monographs in World Archaeology, 28:153-157.
Willemsen, G.F. (2006 ). Megalenhydris and its relationship to Lutra Reconsidered. Hellenic Journal of Geosciences, 41: 83-87
Willemsen, G.F. and A. Malatesta (1987). Megalenhydris barbaricina sp. nov: A new otter from Sardinia. Proceedings Koninkli j ke Nederlandse Akademie van Wetenschappen [Proceedings Royal Netherlands Academy of Sciences]. B90, 83-92
Williams, D.L., A. Flindall, and V.R. Simpson. (2000). Ocular pathology in wild otters. Proceedings of the First Otter Toxicology Conference, Isle of Skye, Scotland. pp. 57-62 https://www.otter.org/documents/research/toxicology/toxicology%20report%202.pdf
Williams, D.L., V.R. Simpson, and A. Flindall. (2004). Retinal dysplasia in wild otters (Lutra lutra). Veterinary Record, 155: 52-56.
Williams, J. (1988a). Blindness in otters. IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, 4: 29-30. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume4/Williams_1989.html
Williams, J. (1988b). Fluctuation in the otter population in part of south-west England. IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, 3(3) 42-44. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume5/Williams_1990.html
Williams, J.L.R. (2001). A Review of otter records from the Brue Valley 1970-2000. (unable to confirm publication information)
Williams, J.L.R. and M.R. Jacoby (1995). Otters in SW Andalucia, Spain, August 1995. IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, 12: 13-14. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume12/Williams_Jacoby_1995.html
Williamson, H. (1930). Tarka the Otter. Ed Stock, Paris (11th ed.), pp. 248.
Williamson, K., C. Hall, and D. Forman. (2007). Coastal use by Lutra lutra on the Lleyn Peninsula, Gwynned, UK. European Otter Conference "Return of the Otter in Europe-Where and How?" 4 pp.
Wise, M.H. (1980). The use of fish vertebrae in scats for estimating prey size of otters and mink. Journal of Zoology, 192: 25-31
Wise, M.H., I.J. Linn, and C.R. Kennedy. (1981). A comparison of the feeding biology of mink Mustela vison and otter Lutra lutra. Journal of Zoology, 95: 181-213.
Wisniowska, L. and M. Mordarska-Duda. (1998). Economic aspects of otter predation on fish production in Southern Poland. Proceedings VII International Otter Colloquium. March 14-19, 1998, Trebon, Czech Republic. pp. 387-390. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume19A/Trebon-III.pdf
Wolfsbauer, I. (2008). Überprüfung von Indikatoren und Schwellenwerten zu Beurteilung des Erhaltungszustandes des Fischotters, Lutra Lutra im Waldvierte (Niederösterreich) [Review of indicators and threshold values to assess the state of conservation of the otter Lutra Lutra in the Waldvierte (Lower Austria)]. Universitat Wien [University of Vienna]. Vienna, Austria.
Wolters, R. (1994). The otter and the European Ecological Network. Conseil de l'Europe, Rencontres environnement [Council of Europe, Environment Meetings], 24: 183-187.
Woodroffe, G.L. (1994). The status and distribution of the otter (Lutra lutra L.) in North Yorkshire. Naturalist, 119: 23-35.
Woodroffe, G.L. (1997). Reinforcing the otter population in the Yorkshire Derwent 1990–1997. (Unpublished Report). University of York.
Wright, L., C. Benedetto, P. Yoxon, and G. Yoxon. (2008). Otters–the forgotten victims of wildlife crime. Ratel, 35(1): 25-28.
WWF Switzerland (1998). Hoffnungsträger Fischotter [Hope bearer otter]. WWF Magazine 1/98. Proceeding International Workshop, Litschau, Austria. 8-9 February 1996.
Top
Xu, L.H. (1984). Species of otters in China and the conservation of their natural resources. Wildlife, No. 19-11.(in Chinese).
Top
Yamamoto. K. and A. Motokazu. (2011). Trends in otter-related newspaper articles in Japan over 135 years. IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, 28(B): pp. 31-35. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume28B/Yamamoto_Ando_2011.html
Yanchev Y., T. Teofilova, Y. Sivkov, and N. Kodzhabashev. (2017). Dietary composition of Eurasian otter Lutra lutra (Linnaeus, 1758) in the eastern Rhodope mountains (Bulgaria). Forestry Ideas, Vol. 23, No 2 (54): 87-102.
Yeong-Seok, J. and W. Changman. (2019). The sprainting behavior and habitat preference of the Eurasian Otter Lutra lutra along a montane stream in South Korea. Mammal Study, 45(1): 3-11.
Yilmaz, S., G. Dinc, and B. Toprak. (2000). Macro-anatomical investigations on skeletons of otter (Lutra lutra). III. Skeleton axial. Veterinarski Arhiv [Veterinary Archives], 70(4): 191-198.
Yom-Tov, Y., T.M. Heggberget, O. Wiig, and S. Yom-Tov. (2006). Body size changes among otters Lutra lutra in Norway: The possible effects of food availability and global warming. Oecologia, 150: 155-160.
Yom-Toy, Y., A. Roos, P. Mortensen, O. Wiig, S. Tom-Toy, and T.M. Heggberteg. (2010). Recent changes in body size of the Eurasian otter Lutra lutra in Sweden. Ambio, 39(7): 496-503.
Yonzon, P. (2006). Wildlife Trade with Focus to Otters in Nepal, Training Workshop on Survey Techniques and Monitoring Otter Populations 7-9 March 2006, Royal Chitwan National Park, Nepal.
Yoxon P. and G. Yoxon, (1988). Otter survey of the Isle of Skye, Scotland (Lutra lutra). IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, 3(3) 37-41. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume5/Yoxon_Yoxon_1990.html
Yoxon, G. (2007b). Caring for wild otters. Proceedings of the European Otter Conference "Return of the Otter in Europe-Where and How?" 6 pp.
Yoxon, G. and P. de Silva. (2017). Otters and wetlands training workshop in China. Oryx, 51(1): 17-17.
Yoxon, G., X.H. Zhang, and P. Yoxon. (2014). Otter populations and their distribution in China: A review. (unable to confirm publication)
Yoxon, P. (1998). Spraint surveys and sparsely populated otter populations. IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, 15(2): 109-111. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume15/Yoxon_1998.html
Yoxon, P. (1999). Geology and otter distribution on Skye. Dissertation, Open University, Milton Keynes, UK.
Yoxon, P. (2000). Geology and Otters. IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, 17(2): 85-88. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume17/Yoxon_2000.html
Yoxon, P. (2006). Alleviating otter (Lutra lutra) road deaths by using wildlife-warning reflectors, on the Isle of Skye. Scotland. 6 pp.
Yoxon, P. (2007a). Otter surveys of the Northwest Scottish islands. Proceedings of the European Otter Conference "Return of the Otter in Europe-Where and How?" 15 pp.
Yoxon, P. and B. Yoxon. (2019). Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra): A review of the current world status. Otter (Journal of the International Otter Survival Fund), 2019: 53-73.
Yoxon, P. and G.M. Yoxon. (2014). Otters of the World. Whittles Publishing.
Top
Zalewska, K., A. Zalewski, A. Wajrak, and N. Selva. (2020). Tadpoles in the diet of otters: An overlooked prey item in the diet of a riparian predator? Journal of Vertebrate Biology, 69(1): 1-7.
Zavalov, N.A. (1995). Otter (Lutra lutra) in the Darvine Reserve. In: Proceedings International Meeting: Status of Theriofauna in Russia and Adjoining Territories, 1.-3.2.1995. 153-156.
Zeiler, J.T. (1988). Age determination based on epiphyseal fusion in post-cranial bones and tooth wear in otters (Lutra lutra). Journal of Archaeological Science, 15: 555-561.
Zejda, J. and J. Voskar. (1987). Taxonomy of the European otter (Lutra lutra) in Czechoslovakia. Folia Zoologica, 36(2): 111-120.
Zhang, L., Q. Wang, L. Yang, L. Fei, B. Pui, L. Chan, Z. Xiao, S. Li, D. Song, Z. Pia, and P. Fan, (2018). The neglected otters in China: Distribution change in the past 400 years and current status. Biological Conservation, 228: 259-267.
Zhang, R., L. Yang, A. Laguardia, Z. Jiang, M. Huang, J. Lv, Y. Ren, W. Zhang, and X. Luan. (2016). Historical distribution of the otter (Lutra lutra) in north-east China according to historical records (1950–2014). Aquatic Conservation, 26(3): 602-606.
Ziaie, H. and B. Gutleb. (1997). New comments on otters in Iran. IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, 14(2): 91. https://www.iucnosgbull.org/Volume14/Ziaie_Gutleb_1997.html
Zinke, O and E. Randi. (2010). Genetic diversity and landscape genetic structure of otter (Lutra lutra) populations in Europe. Conservatin Genetics, 11(2): 583-599.(in French)
Zinke, O. (2000). Die Todesursachen der im Museum der Westlausitz Kamenz von 1992-1998: Eingelieferten Fischotter Lutra lutra (L., 1758). [The causes of death of the otter Lutra lutra (L., 1758) which were brought into the Museum of West Lusatia Kamenz from 1992-1998: Introduced otter Lutra lutra (L., 1758)]. Veröff. Mus. Westlausitz Kamenz [Public Museum of West Lusatia Kamenz]. 22: 87-92. (in German)
Zogall, A. (1992). Morphologie und topographische Anatomie der Brust-, Bauch- und Beckenhöhlenorgane des Europäischen Fischotters (Lutra lutra L. 1758). [Morphology and topographical anatomy of the thoracic, abdominal and pelvic cavity organs of the European otter (Lutra lutra L. 1758)]. Diss. Tierärztl.[Dissertation Veterinarian]. Hochschule Hannover [Hanover University]. 101 pp.
Top
Andreia Garcês, A., Silva, F., Sargo, R., Sousa, L., Lé, P., and Pires, I. (2021). The importance of post mortem exam in otter (Lutra lutra) conservation: lesions associated with hydroelectric dams and vehicle collision. Poster Presentation at the Eurasian Otter Workshop, IUCN/SSC Otter Specialist Group, Virtual Meeting. https://www.otterspecialistgroup.org/osg-newsite/wp-content/uploads/2021/02/6.-Andreia-Manuela-Vieira-Garce%CC%82s.pdf
Badis, B., D. Khalil, D. Imed, and S. Dino. (2021). Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra) in Algeria: Fragmentation of the populations, deficit of knowledge, and absence of an action plan. Poster Presentation at the Eurasian Otter Workshop, IUCN/SSC Otter Specialist Group. https://www.otterspecialistgroup.org/osg-newsite/wp-content/uploads/2021/02/8.-Dino-Scaravelli.pdf
Basnet, A., Bist, B.., Ghimire, P. and Acharya, P.M. (2021). Eurasian otter distibution in Nepal: What do we know? Poster Presentation at the Eurasian Otter Workshop, IUCN/SSC Otter Specialist Group, Virtual Meeting. https://www.otterspecialistgroup.org/osg-newsite/wp-content/uploads/2021/02/12.-Aarati-Basnet.pdf
Belardi, M., Bovero, S., Gavagnin, P., Giacomazzi, F., Tessa, G., and Varese, P. (2021). Otter population in Roya-Bevera river: a strategic challenge for the Western Alps recolonization. Poster Presentation at the Eurasian Otter Workshop, IUCN/SSC Otter Specialist Group. https://www.otterspecialistgroup.org/osg-newsite/wp-content/uploads/2021/02/20.-Patrizia-Gavagnin.pdf
Bisther, M. and Hellström, M. (2021). eDNA from snow-tracks to monitor individual mammals in winter - a non invasive tool for population estimates and diet analysis. Poster Presentation at the Eurasian Otter Workshop, IUCN/SSC Otter Specialist Group. https://www.otterspecialistgroup.org/osg-newsite/wp-content/uploads/2021/02/Micaela-Hellstrom_updated.jpg
Bouazza, L, and El-Haddad, W.P. (2021). Eurasian Otter Conservation in Lebanon: A Holistic Approach. Poster Presentation at the Eurasian Otter Workshop, IUCN/SSC Otter Specialist Group, Virtual Meeting. https://www.otterspecialistgroup.org/osg-newsite/wp-content/uploads/2021/02/3.-Samara-P-EL-Haddad.pdf
Buglione, M., Pterelli, S., Troiano, C., Maselli, V., and Fulgione, D. (2021). Population Structure, Spatial Analysis and Diet Characterisation of Otters from Southern Italy. Poster Presentation at the Eurasian Otter Workshop, IUCN/SSC Otter Specialist Group. https://www.otterspecialistgroup.org/osg-newsite/wp-content/uploads/2021/02/Maria-Buglione-1.jpg
Castillo, D. del, Weinberger, I., Wyman, M., and Manser, M. (2021). Who is Present? Individuality in the Call Structure of the Eurasian Otter Whistle. Poster Presentation at the Eurasian Otter Workshop, IUCN/SSC Otter Specialist Group. https://www.otterspecialistgroup.org/osg-newsite/wp-content/uploads/2021/02/15.-Dominik-del-Castillo.pdf
Ferrari, C., F. Leoncini, M. DiFebbraro, B. Bassano, and A. Loy. (2021). Where to go from? Connectivity among Alpine borders in Gran Paradiso area for Lutra lutra. Poster Presentation at the Eurasian Otter Workshop, IUCN/SSC Otter Specialist Group. https://www.otterspecialistgroup.org/osg-newsite/wp-content/uploads/2021/02/14.-Caterina-Ferrari.pdf
Ferreira, D., Fonseca, C., Ferreira, E., and Rocha, R. (2018). Genetic Profile of the BVL Lutra Lutra Population Study. UKEssays. (November 2018). https://www.ukessays.com/essays/biology/genetic-profile-bvl-lutra-lutra-population-5289.php?vref=1
Giovacchini, S., Antonucci, A., Bartolomei, R., Bandini, M., Caldarella, M., De Castro, G., De Riso, L., Di Marzio, M., Fabrizio, M., Fulco, E., Gariano, P., Gavagnin, P., Lapini, L., Marrese, M., Mastropasqua, F., Pavanello, M., Scaravelli, D., Spilinga, C., Sulli, C., Tremolada, P., Balestrieri, A., Loy, A. (2021). Conservation Status of Eurasian Otter Lutra lutra in Italy. Poster Presentation at the Eurasian Otter Workshop, IUCN/SSC Otter Specialist Group, Virtual Meeting. https://www.otterspecialistgroup.org/osg-newsite/wp-content/uploads/2021/02/4.-Simone-Giovacchini.pdf
Haydn, A. (2021). Otters in Bavaria: A Fisheries Point of View. Poster Presentation at the Eurasian Otter Workshop, IUCN/SSC Otter Specialist Group, Virtual Meeting. https://www.otterspecialistgroup.org/osg-newsite/wp-content/uploads/2021/02/11.-Alexandra-Haydn.pdf
Jamwal, P.S., Bruno, A., Casiraghi, M.R., Galimberti, A., and Loy, A. (2021). Monitoring otters using water samples from water bodies: A practical guide for eDNA sample collection. Poster Presentation at the Eurasian Otter Workshop, IUCN/SSC Otter Specialist Group, https://www.otterspecialistgroup.org/osg-newsite/wp-content/uploads/2021/02/19.-Pushpinder-S-Jamwal.pdf
Lanszki, J., Molnár, T., Lanszki-Széles, G., and Benedek, I. (2021). Preliminary results from a combination of traditional and eDNA-based otter surveys in Hungary. Poster Presentation at the Eurasian Otter Workshop, IUCN/SSC Otter Specialist Group, Virtual Meeting. https://www.otterspecialistgroup.org/osg-newsite/wp-content/uploads/2021/02/16.-Jo%CC%81zsef-Lanszki.pdf
Lyach, R. and M. Cech. (2017). Do otters target the same fish species and sizes as anglers? A case study from a lowland trout stream (Czech Republic). Poster Presentation at the Eurasian Otter Workshop, IUCN/SSC Otter Specialist Group, Virtual Meeting. https://www.otterspecialistgroup.org/osg-newsite/wp-content/uploads/2021/02/9.-Roman-Lyach.pdf
Powles, S. and Linden, R. (2021). Remote Identification of Otters with Conventional Camera Traps, SLR Camera Traps and the Use of CCTV. Poster Presentation at the Eurasian Otter Workshop, IUCN/SSC Otter Specialist Group, Virtual Meeting.. https://www.otterspecialistgroup.org/osg-newsite/wp-content/uploads/2021/02/18.-Stephen-W-Powles.pdf
Ralevic, S. (2021). Current distribution of Eurasian otter in Montenegro. Poster Presentation at the Eurasian Otter Workshop, IUCN/SSC Otter Specialist Group. https://www.otterspecialistgroup.org/osg-newsite/wp-content/uploads/2021/02/5.-Stefan-Ralevic.pdf
Rohner, S., Reckendorf, A., and Siebert, U. (2021). Field-testing of Otter-safe Fykes in Northern Germany: Cost-benefit Analysis. Poster Presentation at the Eurasian Otter Workshop, IUCN/SSC Otter Specialist Group, Virtual Meeting. https://www.otterspecialistgroup.org/osg-newsite/wp-content/uploads/2021/02/10.-Simon-Rohner.pdf
Stokel, G., Frangini, L., Franchini, M., Pizzul Di Luca, E. Madinelli, A., Stravisi, A., Pesaro, S., and Filacorda, S. (2021). Integration of Different Monitoring Techniques For Eurasian Otter (Lutra lutra) Detection in the North-east of Italy. Poster Presentation at the Eurasian Otter Workshop, IUCN/SSC Otter Specialist Group, Virtual Meeting. https://www.otterspecialistgroup.org/osg-newsite/wp-content/uploads/2021/02/17.-Giacomo-Stokel.pdf
van Norren, E. and Dijkstra, V. (2021). The otter in the Netherlands reached minimal viable population in 2019/2020, after reintroduction in 2002. Poster Presentation at the Eurasian Otter Workshop, IUCN/SSC Otter Specialist Group. https://www.otterspecialistgroup.org/osg-newsite/wp-content/uploads/2021/02/1.-Ellen-van-Norren.pdf
Top